教育专题:阅读表达课件.ppt
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1、命题特点命题特点 n一、能力考查一、能力考查。要求相当强的阅读能力和表达能力。n二、文章长度二、文章长度。在训练时文章的选择不能够太短(少于250词)或太长(多于350)。n三、文体的选择:三、文体的选择:文章的选择以叙述、议论、夹叙夹议等为主,但是要保证故事或内容的完整性。所选短文内容逻辑性强、贴近生活、新颖、时代感强,文章结构严谨,层次分明。n四、设题情况:四、设题情况:总的来讲,有七种类型,即6+X:n1、概括文章大意、标题或者指出作者写作的目的、意图概括文章大意、标题或者指出作者写作的目的、意图n Whats the best title/main idea/purpose of th
2、e passage?(please answer within _words)n2、找替换句子找替换句子n Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?n3、填空填空n Filling the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(please answer within _words)n4、封闭型问题封闭型问题(Close-ended Questions):结合文中具体依据进):结合文中具体依据进行回答行回答.List
3、the three main factors in success,according to paragraph4(please answer within _words)n5、开放型问题开放型问题(Open-ended Questions):结合个人观点态度进):结合个人观点态度进行表述行表述 n Which of the is your favorite?/What will you do after reading the passage?Why?n6、翻译句子翻译句子n Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.n7、其它类型:结合文
4、章的不同题材和体裁给出的其它类型的问题其它类型:结合文章的不同题材和体裁给出的其它类型的问题 阅读表达能力训练目标阅读表达能力训练目标 1、理解主旨和要义、理解主旨和要义2、根据不同文章的特点理解分析文章的基本结、根据不同文章的特点理解分析文章的基本结构构3、理解文中具体信息,学会找意思相同的替换、理解文中具体信息,学会找意思相同的替换句句4、学会分析上下文逻辑、意义联系,扎实语法、学会分析上下文逻辑、意义联系,扎实语法功底。功底。5、分清句子的意群结构、分清句子的意群结构,掌握基本的英译汉技,掌握基本的英译汉技巧巧解题方法及备考策略解题方法及备考策略 n1、克服词汇障碍,提高阅读能力克服词汇
5、障碍,提高阅读能力n To read well you need a strong vocabulary;to build a strong vocabulary you need to read well.n2、掌握基本语法知识,学会破解长、难句掌握基本语法知识,学会破解长、难句,n 先抛开次要成分抓主干,再理解细枝末节先抛开次要成分抓主干,再理解细枝末节ne.g.A habit is simply a behavior that has been performed so often that it becomes second nature and part of a comfort z
6、one that people have created for themselves.3、积累文化背景知识、常识及自然科学知识,积累文化背景知识、常识及自然科学知识,加深对文章的理解。加深对文章的理解。4、培养良好的阅读习惯,摒弃声读、点读、回培养良好的阅读习惯,摒弃声读、点读、回读等恶习。读等恶习。主干:习惯仅仅是一种行为主干:习惯仅仅是一种行为从句:它因经常被重复做而变成第二天性,并且从句:它因经常被重复做而变成第二天性,并且成为人们为自己创造的舒适地带的一部分。成为人们为自己创造的舒适地带的一部分。有的放矢,探究阅读表达解题技巧有的放矢,探究阅读表达解题技巧1、如何概括主旨大意及标题、
7、如何概括主旨大意及标题浏览首尾段,搜寻关键词和主题浏览首尾段,搜寻关键词和主题句;关注各段段首句。句;关注各段段首句。捕捉人物、顺序、观点、中心词;捕捉人物、顺序、观点、中心词;理清文章脉络;结合情感线索;理清文章脉络;结合情感线索;把握语篇实质。把握语篇实质。n例如,例如,nOne thing Britain is famous for is pubs,and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.nPubs play an
8、important part in the social structure of the country.They are places where all ages and social classes mix to talk,do business,or just spend a couple of quiet hours before heading home in the evening.n2、找替换句的原则:、找替换句的原则:形似;神似;形神兼备形似;神似;形神兼备n形似:有较为对应的词或短语形似:有较为对应的词或短语n神似:没有较为对应的词或短语,但句子含义神似:没有较为对应的词
9、或短语,但句子含义相同或相近相同或相近n形神兼备:个别词或短语类似,整个句子含义形神兼备:个别词或短语类似,整个句子含义相同或相近相同或相近The main idea of this passage:Pubs in Britainn例如,形神兼备的同义句:例如,形神兼备的同义句:n China and India would contribute 65 million and 142 million new workers to the global workforce,respectively,by 2020,said the study.n According to the study,b
10、y 2020,there will be 65 million new workers in China and 142 million in India,joining the global workforce.said the study According to the studycontribute to joinnNow that all the people are influenced by habits,it is meaningful to affected by good ones.nSince everybody is a slave to habits,it makes
11、 sense to be a slave to good habits only.Now that sincemakes sense be meaningfulBe influenced by be a slave ton形似句:形似句:If you dont understand the course material,dont just reread the material.nIf you have difficulty in understanding the course material,dont just read it over and over again.n神似句:神似句:
12、When doctors walk into an exam room,they know to look for a diploma to see where the doctor went to medical school.Doctors pay more attention to where the doctor graduated.See yourself as a cause,not an effect.Be clear that you are an actor but not a victim.3、完成句子解题技巧、完成句子解题技巧 四步走四步走n1、抓住连词理顺上下文逻辑关系
13、(转折,、抓住连词理顺上下文逻辑关系(转折,让步,因果,条件,递进等)让步,因果,条件,递进等)n2、寻求参照搭配合理形式(用词、短语、寻求参照搭配合理形式(用词、短语还是句子填写)还是句子填写)n3、顾全语法做到完美输出、顾全语法做到完美输出n4、最后检查看上下文是否通顺,能否恢、最后检查看上下文是否通顺,能否恢复文章作者原本想表达的思想、内容或复文章作者原本想表达的思想、内容或意图。意图。n例如,例如,The American Speech-language-Hearing Association is working with companies and government offic
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