教育专题：Grammar定语从句.ppt

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1、GrammarAttributive Clauses 定语从句定语从句Outline1.基本概念2.关系代词(做主/宾/定语)&关系副词(作状语)3.限制性&非限制性对比4.练一练 单选/合并句子/填写关联词/改错/写作 The positions of the Attribute:（定语的位置）（定语的位置）1.This is a flower basket.2.This is a basket full of flowers.3.This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.(1.单个单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的的词作定语时要放于被修饰词

2、的前面前面，2.短语短语或或从句从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面后面。)Enjoy some proverbs:1 God helps those who help themselves.2 All that glitters is not gold.3 He who laughs last laughs best.4 He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Enjoy a song-Thats why 1)Love is one big illusion I should try to forget.1

3、.Listen and find 2.Listen and learn 2)Youre the one who set it up.3)Im the one whos feeling lost right now.4)Now you want me to forget every little thing you said.5)I wont forget the way youre kissing.6)But Im not the man your heart is missingFor example:This is a book which tells about space rocker

4、 technology.先行词先行词关系代词关系代词定语从句定语从句关系代词有关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有关系副词有：when,where,why等 关系代词关系代词who,that作主语作主语1.Your friend came to see you yesterday.2.Your friend studies in Beijing University.Your friend who/that studies in Beijing University came to see you yesterday.关系代词关系代词whom,that

5、作宾语作宾语1.He is the man.2.You have been waiting for the man.He is the man(whom/that)you have been waiting for.关系代词关系代词 which,that 作主语作主语1.It sounded like a train.2.A train was going under my house.It sounded like a train which/that was going under my house.关系代词关系代词which/that 作宾语作宾语1.The earth is a big

6、 ball.2.We live on the earth.The earth(which/that)we live on is a big ball.关系代词关系代词whose 作定语作定语1.Do you know the man?2.The mans watch is missing.Do you know the man whose watch is missing?它还可以同它还可以同of which互换互换whose+n.=the n.+of which1.Please pass me the book.2.The books cover is green.Please pass m

7、e the book the cover of which is green.Please pass me the book whose cover is green1.Yesterday I met Mr Li_ told me the whole matter.2.This is the man_ daughter is in my class.3.The book _ they sent me is very good.练一练练一练who/that(which/that)whose 但要注意在以下但要注意在以下8种情况下种情况下,指物时指物时用用that 不用不用which,who注意！

8、注意！1.先行词是先行词是all,any,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,the one 等时等时 There is much that should be used.You can take any seat that is free.2.先行词被先行词被all,any,no,only,little,much,very,every,some,few,none 等修饰时等修饰时 I have read all the books(that)you gave me.Every dictionary that o

9、ur library bought is good.3.当先行词前有形容词的最高级当先行词前有形容词的最高级修饰时修饰时 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.4.先行词前有序数词修饰时先行词前有序数词修饰时,包括包括 the last.The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.The Great Wall is the last place that Mr.Smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijin

10、g.5.在以在以 which,who作主语的特殊疑问作主语的特殊疑问句中的定语从句中句中的定语从句中 Who is the man that is reading a book there?Which is the magazine that you borrowed from the reading room?6.当先行词既有表示当先行词既有表示人人又有表示又有表示物物的词时的词时 We talked of the things and persons that we remembered.7.当先行词在定语从句中做当先行词在定语从句中做表语表语时时,无论先行词是人还是物无论先行词是人还是物

11、 China is no longer the country that she was.8.主句以主句以there be 开头时开头时 There is little that I can do to make up for the lost time.关系副词关系副词when作状语作状语1.October 1,1949 is the day.The Peoples Republic of China was founded on the day.October 1,1949 is the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded on.

12、October 1,1949 is the day _the Peoples Republic of China was founded.October 1,1949 is the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded.which/thaton whichwhen关系副词关系副词when作状语作状语2.I will never forget the time.We worked on the farm during the time.I will never forget the time _we worked on the farm.

13、I will never forget the time _ we worked on the farm.during whichwhen关系副词关系副词when作状语作状语3.Do you remember the afternoon?We first met three years ago on the afternoon.Do you remember the afternoon _ we first met three years ago on?Do you remember the afternoon _we first met three years ago?Do you reme

14、mber the afternoon _ we first met three years ago?which/thaton whichwhen关系副词关系副词where作状语作状语1.This is the place.We first met at the place.This is the place _ we first met at.This is the place _we first met.This is the place _ we first met.which/thatat whichwhere关系副词关系副词where作状语作状语2.The hotel is not c

15、lean.We stayed in the hotel.The hotel _ we stayed in is not clean.The hotel _we stayed is not clean.The hotel _ we stayed is not clean.which/thatin whichwhere关系副词关系副词where作状语作状语3.I went to the town.I was born in the town.I went to the town _ I was born in.I went to the town _I was born.I went to the

16、 town _ I was born.which/thatin whichwhere关系副词关系副词why作状语作状语The reason was that he missed his train.He was late for the reason.The reason _ he was late forwas that he missed his train.The reason _he was late was that he missed his train.The reason _ he was late was that he missed his train.which/that

17、for whichwhyLets have a try!1.The poor village _ we visited ten years ago has taken on a new look.2.The poor village _ we worked ten years ago has taken on a new look.3.The years _ we spent together made us happy.4.The years _ we played together made us happy.which/thatwherewhich/thatwhen非限定性定语从句非限定

18、性定语从句非限定性定语从句是主句先行词的补非限定性定语从句是主句先行词的补充说明，没有从句并不影响主句意思充说明，没有从句并不影响主句意思的明确或完整这种定语从句一般用的明确或完整这种定语从句一般用逗号与主句分开非限定性定语从句逗号与主句分开非限定性定语从句通常不使用关系代词通常不使用关系代词that引导引导 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句I know the best teacher,_has taught in this lonely village for more than thirty years.This is a beautiful place,_ I visited four

19、 months ago.She loves her youngest son very much,_ makes the other children unhappy.whowhichwhichCompare the two sentences in the same group and find the difference.*Group 1The old man has a son,who is in the army.The old man has a son who is in the army.*Group 2My younger brother who is 18 years ol

20、d is a college student.My younger brother,who is 18 years old,is a college student.*Group 3Jim doesnt like to ask questions which make his teacher angry.Jim doesnt like to ask questions,which makes his teacher angry.1.He _plays with fire gets burst.A.Who B.which C.that D.whose 2.I didnt believe them

21、 at first but in fact everything _was true.A.they said B.what they said C.whose they said D.which they saidTry this3.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that 4.Have you found the woman_ purse was lost?A.her B.of which C.that D.whose5.Mr.Smith is the on

22、ly one of those foreigners who_ in China.A.work B.is working C.are working D.had working 6.All _can be done has been done.A.Which B.that C.what D.who7.When he came back from abroad,John told his parents about the cities and the people _ he had visited.A.who B.which C.where D.that8.His parents wouldn

23、t let him marry anyone_ family was poor.A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose句型转换句型转换1.合并句子为复合句合并句子为复合句1)The bus is owned by the company.It often takes the children to school.2)The bus that/which takes the children to school is owned by the company.2)Jack is a famous singer.His songs are loved by many

24、 young people.Jack is a famous singer,whose songs are loved by many young people.3)A young man asked me to give you the message.I did not know him.A young man,whom I did not know,asked me to give you the message.1.The man in _ car we travelled had an accident.2.2.I dont care about the way _ they com

25、municate with each other.3.3.Which is the latest machine _ is invented by him?whose(that/in which)that用恰当的关系词填空。用恰当的关系词填空。4.Thats all _ we need to consider.5.I can remember the very day _ we worked together.6.Thats the only place _ the accident could happen.thatwhenwhere1.The reason why he explained

26、 at the meeting surprised us.2.2.I can remember the days when we spent together.why(that)when(that/which)Correct the mistakes3.The way in which you talked about is very important for us.4.Put the book in which you can find it easily.in which(which/that)in which-where定语从句不能独立成句,它与段落的上下文有直接联系,在句中是否是否使

27、用从句主要取决于以下两点:第一,与讨论的主题有关;第二,与计划安排的句子的上下文有关.不要为了使用从句而使用从句,这样会导致文章读起来很不舒畅不自然.有时为了突出句子的多样性,很牵强的使用从句是极不可取的.如果写文章时,大部分或所有的句子都有从属关系,就不很合适.在写作过程中,作者通过扩张,紧缩,重新安排思路等方法来达到用多种不同形式的句子来表达思想的目的,简单句,并列句,复合句的交替使用以避免形式单调,长短句结合就更加完美了。在写作中应用定语从句!定语从句在使用中一定要有绝对的把握才能使用,使用一个或者两个最为合适.在使用定语从句的过程中,还要特别注意以下几点:力求做到写出正确的主句和从句确

28、定准确的先行词把先行词放回到从句中找出它的作用以此为依据选择正确的引导词,主句在前从句在后的位置,在先行词表示时间,地点,原因的时候,要更特别注意关系词的确定.The great wall is a place_.The Chinese saying says that _.Page 46 Now you want to inform people that the Great Wall is already in danger.Write a letter to your school mates to encourage them to join you and protect it.You can use the outline as a guide.