8B Unit4 Grammar.ppt

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1、Unit 4 A good readGrammarGrammar1.学会正确使用学会正确使用“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+动词动词不定式不定式”的结构。的结构。2.学会正确使用学会正确使用must和和haveto。Guess疑问词疑问词 +动词不定式动词不定式Gulliverdidntknowhowtogetaway.We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.Andydoesntknow_.whattowearLookatthepicturesandfillinblanksbyusing“aquestionwordwit

2、hato-infinitive”.Theydontknow_tothestation.howtogoIdontknow_booksfromalibrary.howtoborrow Using question words+to-infinitives1.Milliehasdecided.(读什么读什么)2.Danieldidntsayaboutthisbook.(与谁聊天与谁聊天)3.Simonforgot.(何时与朋友见面何时与朋友见面)4.Kittycannotdecidefirst.(选哪一个）选哪一个）5.Sandyiswondering.(去哪里寻求帮助去哪里寻求帮助)6.Amydo

3、esntknow.(如何写报告如何写报告)what to readwho to talk towhen to meet friendswhere to ask for helphow to write the reportwhich to chooseSuzywillexplainwhytorecommendthisbook.Suzywillexplainwhysherecommendsthisbook.Allquestionwordscanbeusedinthisway,exceptwhy.Excuseme.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?=Excusem

4、e.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?总结：总结：“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”作宾语时，相作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。Fillintheblankswithhow,which,what,when,where,who 各用一次各用一次1)When I get into the clothes shop,I always cant decide _to buy.2)I havent decided _ to answer this question.3)I will tell Lucy _and _

5、to meet.4)-Will you please show me_to drive a car?-Yes,of course.Now let me tell you _ to do first.whichwhowhenwherehowwhatWe can use a verb and an object before a question word with a to-infinitive.We can use these verbs:1.1.老师告诉学生下一步做什么。老师告诉学生下一步做什么。Theteacher_next.2.2.你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船

6、吗？Canyou_apaperboat?Practice:toldthestudentswhattodoshowmehowtomakeWe can use a noun after what,which,whose,how many and how much.They are discussing which colour to paint the walls.You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.Practice:我不知道选哪个题目。我不知道选哪个题目。Idontknow_.whichtopictochoose We

7、 can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word.Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow?Practice:我不确定走哪条路。我不确定走哪条路。Iamnotsure_.whichwaytotakeP.S.“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构在句中结构在句中还可以作主语和表语。还可以作主语和表语。Howtousethemachineisaquestion.（作主语）（作主语

8、）Thequestioniswhentogothere.(作表语作表语)askforfindhandinread travelwriteaboutAbout Reading Week Page 55AmyandDanielaretalkingabouttheirReadingWeek.Completetheirconversation.Usethecorrectquestionwordsandto-infinitives.howwhatwhenwherewhichwhoAmy:MrWuhasrecommendedsomanyinterestingbooks.Haveyoudecided_fir

9、st,Daniel?whichtoreadDaniel:Yes.IwanttoreadBlackBeautyfirst.ButIdontknow(2)_thebook.Amy:YoucantryourschoollibraryorSunshineLibrary.Oh,didyouknowPeterisreadingAround the World in Eighty Days?Hewantstofindout_aroundtheworldinsuchashorttime.Daniel:Wow,thatsamazing!Bytheway,canyoutellme(4)_ourbookreport

10、?wheretofindhowtotravelwhentohandinAmy:BeforenextFriday.Imstillnotsure(5)_inthereport.Daniel:Youcanwriteanythingaboutyourbookwhatthebookisabout,whatyouthinkofitandsoon.Youshouldreadsomereviewsaboutthebookbeforewriting.Amy:Thankyou.Anyway,Iknow(6)_helpwithwriting.MrWuisalwaystheretohelpus.whattowrite

11、aboutwhotoaskforUsingmustandhave toLetslookatsomeschoolrules:1.We must wear school uniforms.2.We must get to school on time.3.We must keep quiet in the school library.4.We mustnt throw rubbish on the ground.5.We mustnt pick the flowers in the garden.Conclusion:We use must when the speaker feels that

12、 something is necessary.We use must not to say that something is not allowed.A:If youre ill and the doctor asks you to stay at home,what will you have to do?B:Ill have to ask for leave and stay at home.A:Do you have to go to school at weekends?B:No,we dont have to/do not have to.Conclusion:We use ha

13、ve to when the situation makes something necessary.We use do not have to to say that its not necessary to do something.你必须在十点之前回来你必须在十点之前回来.Youmustbebackbeforetenoclock.IhavetostopsmokingbecauseIamill.因为生病了，我不得不戒烟因为生病了，我不得不戒烟.总结总结:must侧重于说话人的主观意志侧重于说话人的主观意志,“必须必须”haveto侧重于客观的需要，侧重于客观的需要，“不得不不得不”。Heh

14、astosayitinEnglish.HemustsayitinEnglish.(Iwanthimtodoit.)(BecausehedoesntknowChinese.)Translatetwosentences:注意：注意：must的否定形式是的否定形式是mustnot，其缩写，其缩写为为mustnt，表示禁止，意思是，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不不能，不许许”。haveto的否定形式是的否定形式是donothaveto，其缩写，其缩写为为donthaveto。意思是。意思是“不必不必”。上课时你们不许吵闹。上课时你们不许吵闹。You_makeanynoiseinclass.你们不必浇花了，

15、因为要下雨了。你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。You_watertheflowers,becauseitisgoingtorain.mustnt/mustnotdonothaveto/donthaveto1.我必须努力学习功课。我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿）主观意愿）I_workhardatmylessons.2.我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需客观需要）要）I_lookaftermotherathome,becausesheisill.3.天快黑了。他现在得回家了。天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要）客观需要）Itisgettingdark.He_goh

16、omenow.Practice:musthavetohasto注意：注意：haveto有各种形式：有各种形式：hasto/hadto/willhaveto;而而must没有。没有。You(1)_keepquietinthelibrary.You(2)_keepthebookscleanandtidy.You(3)_draworwriteinthebooks.You(4)_eatordrinkinthelibrary.Library rules Page 56AmyistellinghercousinShirleysomelibraryrules.Completewhatshesayswithm

17、ust,mustnot,havetoordonothaveto.mustmustmustntmustntYou(5)_returnthebooksontime.Ifyouwanttokeepthemlonger,you(6)_renewthem.You(7)_bringyourstudentcardeverytimeyougotothelibrary,butremembertobringyourlibrarycard.musthavetodonthaveto1.Dontbelateagain.You_behereontime.A.mayB.canC.mustD.neednt2.You_doit

18、evenifyoudontwantto.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.haveto3.MustItakeabus?No,you_.Youcanwalkfromhere.A.mustntB.dontC.donthavetoD.hadbetternotto同义句转换同义句转换Exercises1.Gulliverdidnotknowwherehecouldfindotherpeople.Gulliverdidnotknow_otherpeople.2.Gulliverwonderedwhohecouldaskforhelp.Gulliverwondered_help.wheret

19、ofindwhotoaskfor3.Gulliverdidnotknowhowhecouldbreaktheropes.Gulliverdidnotknow_theropes.4.Gulliverknewwhathecoulddowiththetinyman.Gulliverknew_withthetinyman.5.GulliverdecidedwhenheshouldleaveLilliput.Gulliverdecided_Lilliput.howtobreakwhattodowhentoleave翻译下列句子翻译下列句子1.Haveyoudecided_(怎样度假怎样度假)?2.Idontknow_(在会上说什么在会上说什么).3.Canyoutellme_(在哪里能买到这本书在哪里能买到这本书)?yourholidayhowtospendwhattosayatthemeetingwheretobuythisbookExercises4.Drivers_(必须系必须系安全带安全带)whiletheircarsarerunningontheroad.5._(必须必须)Ifinishmyhomeworknow?No,_(你没必要你没必要).Yourworkisovertoday.Mustyoudonthaveto/needntmustwearseatbelts