虚拟语气 (8).ppt

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1、虚拟语气虚拟语气语气语气l陈述语气：陈述事实。l you are very careful.l 祈使语气：提出请求、命令l Please be careful.l 虚拟语气：表示主观愿望和假设虚拟的情况。l If I were a bird,I would fly in the sky.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用句型条件从句主句与现在事实相反过去式（be 用were)Would(should,could,might)+do 与过去事实相反 had doneWould(should,could,might)+have done与将来事实相反Should doWe

2、re to do Would(should,could,might)+do 与现在情况相反与现在情况相反 l条件句：过去式（be 要用were）l主句：Would(should,could,might）+动词原形 l If I were free now,I would help you,l我现在有空，我会帮助你的。lIf I were you,I would study English harder.l如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。l if it were not raining,we should go for a picnic.l如果现在不下雨，我们就出去野餐了。与过去情况相反与过去

3、情况相反 l条件句：had+过去式 l主句：Would(should,could,might）+have done lIf he had attended the meeting yesterday,he could have met me.l如果他昨天参加了会议，他会遇见我的。与将来情况可能相反与将来情况可能相反 条件句：（1）过去式（be要使用were）l （2）were to do l （3）should do l 主句：l Would(should,could,might）+dolIf she came here tomorrow,she might tell me what has

4、happened to her.l如果明天来这儿，她会告诉我她发生的事。lIf I were to do it,I would do it in a different way.l如果我做这件事的话，我会用不同的方法lIf they should go there next week,they would get a big surprise.l如果他们下周去那里，他们会大吃一惊的。l1.If it should fail,I would try again.l 2.If it were Sunday tomorrow,we wouldnt have an exam.在表示主观愿望的动词后的宾

5、语从句中在表示主观愿望的动词后的宾语从句中l主句谓语动词：wishl宾语从句谓语动词：l 1 与现在事实相反：过去式l 2 与过去事实相反：had donel 3 与将来事实相反：should/would/could/might+do 例句：例句：l1 I wish I were as strong as you.l2 I wish I had known the answer to the question.l3 The last chance has been lost.How he wishes he would have another chance.l It is(high)time

6、(that),l I would rather that，l 谓语动词一般用过去式。l It is time that we got up.l我们该起床了。lI would rather they came tomorrow.l我宁愿他们明天来。在表示虚拟比较或方式状语从句中。在表示虚拟比较或方式状语从句中。l当状语从句出现as if,as though,even if 时，从句的动词形式如下：l 与现在事实相反：过去式l 与过去事实相反：had donel 与将来事实相反：should/would/could/might+dol1.He speak English as if he were

7、 an Englishman.l2.They talked about the city as if they had been there before.l3.The man looked worried,as though something would happen to him.在表示间接的命令在表示间接的命令.建议或请求的从句建议或请求的从句中中l宾语从句：l 主句的动词的是：suggest,direct,decide,require,request,demand,propose,insist,order,prefer l从句用：(should)+do lHe ordered tha

8、t the medicine(should)be sent by a special plane.l They proposed that the prize be given to our monitor.lI insist that you give me my money back.l表语从句：l主句中的主语是：suggest,proposal,order,idea,news,advice,demand,plan.l从句用：(should)+do l 主语从句：l1.It is suggest(desired,request,ordered.)+that.l2.It is necessa

9、ry(strange,possible,important.)+that.l3.It is a pity(a shame,no wonder)+thatl从句用：should+do例句：例句：l1.It is desired that we(should)get everything ready by tonight.l2.It is strange that he(should)say so.l3.It is necessary that every member remember these rules.l4.It is a pity that you(should)miss a good

10、 chance.注意：注意：l在书面语中，如果条件从句中有were、had或should，可将if省略而把were、had或should移到主语之前构成主谓倒装。lHad he worked hard,he might have passed the exam.l要是刻苦学习，他可能会通过考试的。lWere I you,I would get up early every morning.l如果我是你，我就每天早起。试题详解：试题详解：l1 If I _ you,I would give her a call.l A.am B.was lC.are D.were l2.I suggest th

11、at someone else _ to her instead of me.l A.talking B.talks l C.talked D.talk l3.It was a lovely day yesterday;I wish I _at the seaside with you then.l A.was B.should be l C.should have been l D.had been l4.If I _you were ill,I would have visited you.lA.know B.knew lC.had known lD.should knowl5 _he known my address,he would have come.lA.Were B.Did lC.Had D.Should