被动语态总结.ppt

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1、被动语态被动语态The Passive Voice一、主动语态与被动语态主动语态与被动语态 主动语态表示主动语态表示主语主语是动作的是动作的 执行者。执行者。被动语态表示被动语态表示主语主语是动作的是动作的承受者。承受者。Model:Many people speak English.（主动语态）（主动语态）English is spoken by many people.（被动语态）（被动语态）.二二、什么时候可以使用被动语态呢？什么时候可以使用被动语态呢？1、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：出动作的执行者时。例如：Such boo

2、ks are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。这些书是为儿童写的。Football is played all over the world 2、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：行者时。例如：My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。3、汉语中含有、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有人说有人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was rep

3、orted that her mother died of SARS.据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 4、汉语中含有、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如：Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。5、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：He was born in October，1989 Not for jazzNot for jazzWe have an old musical instrument

4、.It is called a clavichord.It was made in Germany in 1681.our clavichord is kept in the living room.It has belonged to our family for a long time.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!she struck the keys too hard

5、and two of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.l It is called a clavichord.lIt was made in Germany in 1681.lOur clavichord is kept in the living room.lThe instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ag

6、o.l Recently it was damaged by a visitor.lTwo of the strings were broken.lMy father was shocked.lNow we are not allowed to touch it.lIt is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.三、被动语态的构成：三、被动语态的构成：be+done（过去分词）（过去分词）、一般现在时：、一般现在时：am is done are、一般过去时：、一般过去时：was done were.3.现在完成时现在完成时:have/has bee

7、n done4.过去完成时：过去完成时：had been done5.现在进行时现在进行时:am/is/are being done6.过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were being done 7.一般将来时：一般将来时：will be done shall8.过去将来时：过去将来时：would be done9.含有情态动词含有情态动词:can may must be done should have to四、把主动句变为被动句的方法：在主谓宾结构中四、把主动句变为被动句的方法：在主谓宾结构中把主动句的把主动句的宾语宾语变为被动句的变为被动句的主语，主语，主动句主动句 的主语变为的主语

8、变为by 短语短语（没必要时可省），如：（没必要时可省），如：、Bell invented the telephone in 1876.The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.2 、They play football on Sunday.Football is played by them on Sunday.练习一练习一1.My mother made the soup.2.Uncle Wang will repair my computer.3.You must clean your room once a week.4.The boy br

9、oke the window.5.The workers are building a new bridge.The soup was made by my mother.My computer will be repaired by Uncle Wang.Your room must be cleaned once a week(by you).The window was broken by the boy.A new bridge is being built(by the workers).被动语态中的特殊情况被动语态中的特殊情况:被动语态的几种类型被动语态的几种类型1.1.带带双宾语

10、双宾语句子的被动语态句子的被动语态.一般把间接宾语变为一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加语态的主语则需在间宾前加 for for 或或 to to如：如：1.He gave me a book.I was given a book by him.A book was given to me by Tom.2.I bought him a book.He was bought a book by me.A book was buoght for him by me.give sb.sth

11、buy sb sth-sb be given sth sb be bought sth-sth be given to sb.sth be bought for sb.间接宾语前必须用to表示动作对什么人而做，间接宾语前必须用for表示动作为什么人而做。give sb.sth.pass sb.sth.sell sb.sth.lend sb.sth.bring sb.sth.make sb.sth.buy sb.sth.Sth be given to sb.Sth.be passed to sb.Sth.be sold to sb.Sth.be lent to sb.Sth.be brought

12、 to sb.Sth.be made for sb.Sth.be bought for sb.主动主动被动被动 练习二练习二.My parents bought me a bike.He is telling us a funny story.Jack gave Jim a present.I was bought a bike by my parents.A bike was bought for me by my parents.A.We are being told a funny story.B.A funny story is being told to us.Jim was giv

13、en a present by Jack.A present was given to Jim by Jack.【考点】【考点】sb be asked to dosb be told to dosb be invited to dosb be chosen to dosb be encouraged to dosb be allowed to doask sb.to dotell sb.to doinvite sb.to dochoose sb.to doencourage sb.to doallow sb.to do主动主动被动被动2.主动语态为带主动语态为带to的动词不定式的动词不定式Mu

14、m told me to stay at home.I was told to stay at home.1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.He was seento play basketball last Sunday.2.The boss makes him work for 10 hours.He is madeto work for 10 hours.3 3.在主动语态中省去在主动语态中省去toto,在变为被动语态时在变为被动语态时应加上应加上to.to.即即hear,watch,see,make hear,watch,see,make,

15、let,let,这些词在变被动句时必须加这些词在变被动句时必须加to.to.make sb do sth-sb be made to do sth.see sb do sthsb be seen to do sth.【考点】【考点】make sb.dolet sb.do see sb.dohear sb.dowatch sb.dosb be made to do sb be let to dosb be seen to dosb be heard to dosb be watched to do主动主动被动被动 练习三练习三1.He told us to wait for him at the

16、 school gate.2.We must keep the environment clean.3.Mother often makes me finish my homework first.4.We saw her go out of the school.We were told to wait for him at the school gate.The environment must be kept clean.I am often made to finish my homework first.She was seen to go out of the school.The

17、y take good care of my child.I turned off the radio.4.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,注意短语要完整，不能掉了介词注意短语要完整，不能掉了介词-My child is taken good care of.-The radio was turned off(by me).【考点】【考点】look for look aftertake care ofhand inlaugh atspeak tobe looked forbe looked afterbe taken care ofbe handed inbe lau

18、ghed atbe spoken to不要漏掉介词不要漏掉介词.【考点考点】没有被动语态的词或短语没有被动语态的词或短语.cost,happen,take place,close down,feel,sound,taste,smell,look,come out,come up,break down,stand for,这些词主要分为以下几类：这些词主要分为以下几类：注意：有些动词形式上注意：有些动词形式上 是是 主动，意义主动，意义上是被动，用时特别要小心。上是被动，用时特别要小心。1）look.smell.sound .feel .taste 等作连等作连系动词用时系动词用时，主动形式表被

19、动意义。，主动形式表被动意义。Eg.棉花摸起来很柔软棉花摸起来很柔软。Cotton feels soft.2)write（很好写）（很好写）read（很好看）（很好看）sell（卖得好）（卖得好）wash（很好洗）（很好洗）open（商店开门）（商店开门）last(持续很持续很久）等常用主动表被动久）等常用主动表被动。Eg 这笔很好用。这笔很好用。This pen writes well.这书很畅销这书很畅销 This book sells well.3)不及物动词不及物动词没有被动语态，如：没有被动语态，如：happen（发生）（发生）,take place（发生）（发生）,begin（开始

20、）（开始）,become（成为，变得）（成为，变得）dissappear（消失）（消失）,come out（出版）（出版）.1.The book cost 100 yuan.2.What is happening there?3.A car accident happened in front of a school this morning.If some disasters(灾难灾难)happen,what can/must/should be done by us?Say at least 6 sentences using passive voice.A storyl It is ca

21、lled a clavichord.lIt was made in Germany in 1681.lOur clavichord is kept in the living room.lThe instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.l Recently it was damaged by a visitor.lTwo of the strings were broken.lMy father was shocked.lNow we are not allowed to touch it.lIt is being repa

22、ired by a friend of my fathers.What should be done?How to protect the environment More trees should be planted,forests are good for the environment,everyone has the duty to plant the trees to protect our environment.The water can be reused,the polluted water shouldnt be poured in the river.The rubbi

23、sh should be recycled,cans and glass.The paper should be reused,too.We should write words on both sides of paper.How to protect the environment More trees should be planted,forests are good for the environment,everyone has the duty to plant the trees to protect our environment.The water can be reuse

24、d,the polluted water shouldnt be poured in the river.,the rubbish should be recycled,cans and glass.,the paper should be reused,too.We should write words on both side of the paper.Nowadays,our environment is getting worse and worse.We should do something to protect our environment.We should try our best to protect our environment,the world will be much more beautiful.as we know Especially to saySuch asWhats moreandsoCan you do them?Have a try!HomeworkHow to protect the environmentFinish off the handsGo over the Passive Voice33