教育专题：必修2第一单元语法.ppt

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1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句定语从句类型定语从句类型定定语语从从句句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Revisiontheusageoftherelativepronoun（关系代词的用法）（关系代词的用法）关系关系代词代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhoseThe relative adverb (关系副词）关系副词）Referring

2、 to Function in the clausewhen(=at/in/on/during which)where(=in/at/on which)why(=for which)time时间状语时间状语place地点状语地点状语reason原因状语原因状语theusageoftherelativeadverb（关系副词的用法）（关系副词的用法）(一般情况一般情况)可以与可以与介词介词+关系代词关系代词替换替换介词介词+关系代词关系代词“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用关系代词只能用which（指物）或（指物）或whom(指人指人)，即介词即介词+w

3、hich/whom.关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定:小结小结1:根据根据先行词先行词的习惯搭配的习惯搭配小结小结2 2:根据定语根据定语从句中动词从句中动词所需习惯搭配所需习惯搭配小结小结3：根据定语：根据定语从句的意义从句的意义一先一先二动二动三意义三意义whose引导的引导的从句可转换为从句可转换为“of+关系代词关系代词”型，如：型，如：即即whose+n.=the+n.+of which =of which+the+n.whose 用法及转换形式用法及转换形式注意：1.以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如：Theway

4、(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。Idontliketheway(that/inwhich)youlaughather.我不喜欢你冲她的样子。注意：2.当先行词是表示场合或情况条件的词，如:situation,case,condition,point,stage等，定语从句通常where引导。如：如：Youreachapointwheremedicinecanthelp.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。品味一品味一“翻翻”Shehastwobrotherswhoarework

5、inginthecity.Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句构成：构成：+,+关系词关系词先行词先行词Shehastwobrothers,（whoareworkinginthecity).+其他其他部分部分1)Yesterday,I bought a book,_ cost me 20 yuan.2)Mr.Smith,_ gave a talk last week,will come ag

6、ain.3)The boy,_ I talked to just now,is my uncle.4)The king,_ legs were badly hurt,was taken to the hospital.whichwhowhomwhoseExercise:5)I visited Hong Kong last month,_ lived my uncles and aunts.6)I cannot forget the time,_ I stayed in the country with those farmer.7)_ is reported in the newspaper,

7、the war between the two countries has stopped.8)He came out top in the exam,_ made his family happy.wherewhenAsExercise:which关系代词：关系代词：which/who/whom/whose/as 关系副词：关系副词：when/where非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词。系代词和副词。关系词的指代关系关系词的指代关系指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的作在定语从句中的作用用whowhomwhichwhose主语主语主语主语 宾语宾语定语定

8、语宾语宾语指代整个主句指代整个主句三、关系副词（三、关系副词（where,when）的指）的指代关系代关系指地点指地点指时间指时间在定语从句中的作在定语从句中的作用用wherewhen时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语that，why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tipas引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首，指代引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首，指代整个的主句。常译为整个的主句。常译为“正如正如”介词介词+whichas 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句(1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen t

9、hat I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句(2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease

10、 complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)as的用法的用法as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all t

11、hat the earth is round.Itwhich/as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as与与which引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句(1)as引导非限制性定语从句，可放于引导非限制性定语从句，可放于句首或句末，译为句首或句末，译为“正如正如”；而；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之放在主句之后后,译为译

12、为”这一点这一点”。(2)as指代整个指代整个主句主句;而而which可指代可指代先行词或先行词或整个整个主句主句。eg:weknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.Thesunheatstheearth,isveryimportanttous.Theweatherwassunnythefollowingday,wasWhatwehadexpected.Igotawatchfrommybrother,wasmadeinJapan.Aswhichas/whichwhich限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别Herbrotherw

13、hoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当医生的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥）Herbrother,whoisnowadoctor,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当医生的，他总是鼓励她上大学。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别句的区别类别类别限定性定语从句限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句形式形式功能功能意义意义无逗号无逗号有逗号有逗号修饰修饰先先行词行词修饰修饰先行先行词词/句子句子起起限定限定作用作用不能省不能省，译成先

14、行词的定语译成先行词的定语,“.的的”起起补充说明补充说明作用作用可可省略省略，翻，翻译成两个译成两个句子句子关系词在限制性与非限制性从句中关系词在限制性与非限制性从句中的区别的区别类别类别限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句关系词的使用关系词的使用1.有有that2.作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略3.指人作宾语用指人作宾语用that/who/whom4.作原因状语可用作原因状语可用forwhich、why1.无无that2.作宾语不可省作宾语不可省3.指人作宾语只指人作宾语只能用能用whom4.作原因状语只作原因状语只能用能用forwhichComparision:1.

15、Thepen(that/which)heboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.2.Thepen,whichheboughtyesterday,isveryexpensive.3.Doyouknowtheboy(who/whom/that)wetalkedaboutjustnow?4.Doyouknowtheboy,whomwetalkedaboutjustnow?5.Hegavemethereasonwhy/forwhichhelateforschool.6.Hegavemethereason,forwhichhelateforschool.当我们做非限制性定语从句的练

16、当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时，往往先确定先行词，然后习时，往往先确定先行词，然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。再对关系词加以选择。整理一番整理一番错漏错漏“摆摆”出出uPeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.uManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.uWhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotf

17、romthepollutedmilk.hewhothen 去掉去掉WhichAs错漏错漏“摆摆”出出uLinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.uChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.uIdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichWhere/inwhichWhoweshouldlearnfromcompetitionExercises2.Beijing,_isthecapit

18、alofChina,hasaverylonghistory.which3._isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.As4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,_isapopstar.who1.Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_peopleVisitthefamousWestLake.WhereInwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with_help,Isolvedtheproblem.Exerciseswhose6.HeonceworkedontheBirdsNest,_hissonisproud.ofwhich惜惜时时再再现现1.非限制性定语从句的构成；非限制性定语从句的构成；2.关系代词关系代词which，whose，whom，who，as的用法；的用法；关系副词关系副词where，when的应用；的应用；禁用：禁用：_,_3.as与与which引导非限制性定语从引导非限制性定语从句的异同点句的异同点;4.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别从句的区别.thatwhySummary