机械性损伤英文版.ppt
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1、Mechanical Injury Wang Daihong Wang Daihong Associate Chief Physician Medical Doctor Associate Chief Physician Medical DoctorHUST Tongji hospital of xianning Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department of The eco-circumstances center hospital2021/9/232021/9/231 1First:conception1.Injury:1.Injury:1.Inj
2、ury:1.Injury:injury injury or or wound wound caused caused by by effect effect factors factors in in the the body,which body,which lead lead to to the the destruction destruction of of the the organizational organizational structure structure and dysfunction.and dysfunction.2.Mechanical 2.Mechanical
3、 2.Mechanical 2.Mechanical injury injury injury injury:effect effect factors factors act act on on human human body body by by machanical machanical movement movement and and lead lead to to the the destruction destruction of of the the organizational organizational structure and dysfunction.structu
4、re and dysfunction.2021/9/232021/9/232 2Second:Mechanicaldamageofforensicmedicineidentification1.Tasks 1.Tasks and and object object of of living living damage damage forensic forensic identificationidentificationTaskTaskTaskTask:Injury severity;Injury severity;Injury waysInjury ways;To judge the in
5、juring objectsTo judge the injuring objects;To judge the injuring timeTo judge the injuring time;Injury degreeInjury degree;Labor capacityLabor capacity;Old injuring and new injuringOld injuring and new injuring;Compensation;Compensation;ObjectObjectObjectObject:living bodyliving bodyliving bodylivi
6、ng body2021/9/232021/9/233 32.Tasks and object of dead bodys damage forensic identificationTasksTasks:To determine the cause of deathTo determine the cause of death;To To determine determine its its antemortem antemortem injury injury or or postmortem injurypostmortem injury;To judge the injuring ob
7、jectsTo judge the injuring objects;Injuring timeInjuring time;personal identification and so on;personal identification and so on;ObjectObject:dead body dead body 2021/9/232021/9/234 4ThirdThird:the three elements of damage formationthe three elements of damage formation:1.injuring 1.injuring 1.inju
8、ring 1.injuring objectsobjectsobjectsobjects(murder murder murder murder weaponweaponweaponweapon):an an object object which caused mechanical damage.which caused mechanical damage.FeaturesFeatures:various injuring objectsvarious injuring objects(solidsolid;liquidliquid;gasgas)The The extent extent
9、of of the the damage damage depends depends on on the the quality,quality,shape shape and and size size of of things,things,but but in in some some cases there is an exception.cases there is an exception.The The relative relative motion motion forms forms between between hunamn hunamn body body and
10、injuring objectsand injuring objects:Moving object and relative static body.Moving object and relative static body.Human movement and relatively stationary object.Human movement and relatively stationary object.Moving object and moving human.Moving object and moving human.2021/9/232021/9/235 5n nThe
11、 The common common hard hard injuring injuring objects objects include include blunt,blunt,sharps and firearms.sharps and firearms.Blunt:tools Blunt:tools with with no no tips tips and and edge,such edge,such as as fists fists and feet.and feet.Sharps:tools Sharps:tools with with tips tips and and e
12、dge,such edge,such as as cutting cutting machine and sting.machine and sting.Firearms:bullet,explosives and other tools.Firearms:bullet,explosives and other tools.2.Acting force2.Acting force2.Acting force2.Acting force:Compression Compression and and Stretch:acting Stretch:acting force force apply
13、apply on on the the same same axis,in axis,in same same direaction direaction,called,called compression,compression,while in opposite direaction called stretch.while in opposite direaction called stretch.Shear:to Shear:to make make the the cross cross sections sections sliding sliding together.toget
14、her.torsiontorsion:a a pair pair of of equal equal force force apply apply for for a a certain object.certain object.Bending:Bending:acting acting force force apply apply for for skull skull or or ribs ribs fot fot sag and recovery.sag and recovery.2021/9/232021/9/236 63.human tissue3.human tissue:D
15、ifferent tissues of human body parts and different tissues and organs of the anatomy of the organization structure,so the damage tolerance and resistance is different.Different appearances at different positions of the body shape also affects the shape of damage.Injured area organs or tissues for pa
16、thological changes impact on the degree of injury.2021/9/232021/9/237 7Theprincipleofmechanicaldamage1、Physicalfactors:externalforcesandinjuringobjects(size,direactionandnumber)2、Biologicalfactors:thebodyflexibilityandthespecialstructureofhumanbody.3、Humanbodysenginerystate(health,diseasestate)4、The
17、contactforceposition2021/9/232021/9/238 8Fourth:the basic form of mechanical Fourth:the basic form of mechanical injury injury(6 forms6 forms)1 1 1 1.Abrasion:.Abrasion:.Abrasion:.Abrasion:i i i injuring njuring objects objects apply apply to to human human body body and and lead lead to to separati
18、on separation between between skin skin and and dermis,its dermis,its also also called called epidermal epidermal peeling,peeling,which which is is a a common common blunt blunt injury.injury.featuresfeaturesfeaturesfeatures:Parts:Parts:can can occur occur in in any any part part of of the the body,
19、body,highlight highlight areas areas are are mostly.mostly.Scratch Scratch can can exist exist alone alone and and often often accompanied accompanied with with other other injuries,such injuries,such as as bite bite marks,marks,scratches,scratches,the the conjugate conjugate mark,which can be assoc
20、iated with bruise or contusion.mark,which can be associated with bruise or contusion.Different sizes,shapes and strips,sheets or strip,sometimes Different sizes,shapes and strips,sheets or strip,sometimes have free flap.these are the evident to judge the direction of have free flap.these are the evi
21、dent to judge the direction of the violent action.the violent action.Color can be light brown,dark brown,light red or dark red.Color can be light brown,dark brown,light red or dark red.2021/9/232021/9/239 9Common Common type:type:according according to to the the injury injury movement movement dire
22、ction,direction,speed speed and and human human contact,it contact,it can can be be divided divided into into the the following kinds:following kinds:Scratches Scratches Scratches Scratches:Sharp Sharp and and hard hard objects,objects,such such as as nails nails and and pins pins skim skim over ove
23、r the the skin skin and and make make skin skin defect,defect,the the general general stress stress area area is is small,small,the the force force along along the the tangential tangential direction direction streak streak the the surface surface of of the the skin,skin,make make the the skin skin
24、displaced displaced or or folding folding along along the the direction direction of of forces,forces,such such as as the the rape rape case,case,scratches scratches often often occur occur in in victims victims tprivate tprivate parts,stock inside,hands and arms.parts,stock inside,hands and arms.Gr
25、azesGrazesGrazesGrazes:Object Object or or rough rough ground ground rubs rubs with with skin skin surface surface and and lead lead to to the the bruise bruise of of the the skin.skin.Generally Generally the the stress stress area area is is large large and and widely widely demaged.demaged.This Th
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