教育专题：八年级不定式(todo).ppt

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1、-不定式不定式动词不定式是动词动词不定式是动词非非谓语形式之一谓语形式之一 。动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定 语、补语、状语语、补语、状语,但不能但不能单独作谓语。单独作谓语。不定式构成：不定式构成：to do不定式否定：不定式否定：not to do动动词词不不定定式式To do that kind of thing is foolish。I want to see you this evening.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.Its time to get up.She came

2、 here to study English.Lets ask him to join us.主语主语 宾语宾语表语表语 状语状语 宾补宾补 定语定语作主语作主语To have a good command of English is really important now.To give up smoking is right.1.现在掌握英语真的很重要。现在掌握英语真的很重要。2.放弃吸烟是对的。放弃吸烟是对的。*.不定式短语作不定式短语作主语主语时，多数情况用时，多数情况用itit作作形式主语，把真正的主语形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式动词不定式置于句末，置于句末，特别特别是不定式短

3、语较长时。是不定式短语较长时。*.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人第三人称单数形式称单数形式。To have a good command of English is really important now.To give up smoking is right.1.现在掌握英语真的很重要。现在掌握英语真的很重要。2.放弃吸烟是对的。放弃吸烟是对的。It is right to give up smoking.It is important to have a good command of English.作表语作表语My job is to teach En

4、glish.Todays homework is to read Lesson One.1.我的工作是教英语。我的工作是教英语。2.今天的回家作业是读第一课今天的回家作业是读第一课动词不定式作表语，常说明主动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。语的内容、性质、特征。作宾语作宾语Fred didnt have any money,so he decided to look for a job.He decided not to tell anyone about it.1.Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。2.他决定不告诉任何人这事。他决定不告诉任何

5、人这事。后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,ask,choose,decide,forget,hope,learn,want,wish,would like等。如：等。如：作状语作状语He got up early(so as/in order)to catch the early bus.They jumped with joy to hear the news.Im too tired to walk any further tonight.目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语不定式结构可用于ask,tell,order,want,all

6、ow,advise等及物动词的宾语后充当宾补n1.She told me to wait here.n2.Lets ask him to join us.作宾补作宾补不定式作定语时，可放在所修饰的名词或代词之后（定语后置）n1.He has some questions to ask.n2.Whats the best way to learn English well?注：不定式与它修饰的名词、代词构成了动宾结构。如不定式是不及物动词，还须加上介词。作定语作定语the place to go toa pen to write witha room to live ina baby to ta

7、ke care of1.我的父亲决定不从事这工作我的父亲决定不从事这工作.My father decided not to take up this job.注意注意动词不定式的否定式只须在动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加前加 not2.警察告诉我们不要在马路上踢球。警察告诉我们不要在马路上踢球。The policeman told us not to play football in the street.注意注意在某些固定句型或搭配中，动词不在某些固定句型或搭配中，动词不定式的肯定和否定形式都不加定式的肯定和否定形式都不加to1.make/have/let sb.(not)do2.2.s

8、ee/hear/notice/watch sb.(not)do3.3.had better(not)do4.4.would rather(not)doMum let me buy some apples yesterday.Youd better drink more water.Id rather not see the film.I often see the students play basketball in the playground.We dont know how to solve the problem.We dont know how we can solve the p

9、roblem.疑问词疑问词+to do疑问词疑问词+sb+can/shall/will/should do句型句型转换转换The foreigners want to know how to learn Chinese wellThe foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese well.He cant decide which one to choose.He cant decide which one he should choose.I really dont know what I should say at the meeti

10、ngI really dont know what to say at the meeting.Could you tell me when to have our class meetingCould you tell me when we will have our class meeting.句型句型转换转换(in order)to doso that sb can doHe keeps an English diary(in order)to improve his writing skills.He keeps an English diary so that he can impr

11、ove his writing skills.Mary put on her glasses(in order)to see the blackboard clearly.Mary put on her glasses so that she could see the blackboard clearly.You should eat more vegetables and less meat so that you can lose weight.You should eat more vegetables and less meat in order to lose weight.句型句

12、型转换转换too+a./ad.+(for sb.)to doso+a./ad.+that sb.cant doThe little boy is too young to go to school now.The little boy is so young that he cant go to school now.This exercise is too difficult for us to work out.This exercise is so difficult that we cant work it out.The box was too heavy for me to car

13、ry.The box was so heavy that I couldnt carry it.找出下列句中的不定式，并说出其在句中的成分n1.To answer your question is hard.n2.What do you want to say?n3.Its hard for me to do this job.n4.Tom doesnt know when to start.n5.Is there a way to learn English well?n6.They hurried off to catch the early bus.n7.He prefers to wo

14、rk early in the morning.主语主语宾语宾语主语主语宾语宾语定语定语状语状语宾语宾语练习练习n8.He was happy to hear the news.n n9.The first thing for us is to get everything ready.n10.The doctor advised me to take a good rest.状语状语表语表语宾补宾补句型转换：1.To control the population is necessary for the governments.2._ _ for the government to cont

15、rol the population.3.2.Liqiang went to the school library in order to get more information about American customs.4.Liqiang went to the school library _ _ _ _ get more imformation about American customs.5.3.The old lady was too tired to walk any farther.6.The old lady was _ tired _ _ _ walk any fart

16、her.7.4.You should renew the book so that you can keep it longer.8.You should renew the book _ _ _ keep it longer.9.5.The boy ran so fast that he caught the bus in time.10.The boy ran _ _ _ catch the bus in time.Its necessaryso that he couldsothat he couldntin order tofast enough to用动词的适当形式填空：1.My h

17、obby is _(collect)coins.2._(see)is _(believe).3.You had better _(not eat)so much sweets.4.Our teacher let us _(copy)the text twice.5.He is always the first _(get)to school.6.My way _(study)English is _(keep)practising.7.Its exciting _(watch)a football match.8.Im sorry _(hear)that.9.She was too excited _(say)a word.10.I often go the the English Corner _(practise)English.to collectTo seeto believenot eatcopy to getto studyto keepto watchto hearto sayto practiseHomework:n1.复习动词不定式。n2.用不定式作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾补，状语，各造一句。