备考2022练习2020年高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）（含解析版）.pdf

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1、20202020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试( (全国卷全国卷 I)I)英语英语注意事项注意事项: :1.1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.2.回答选择题时回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动如需改动，用橡用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题

2、卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 听力听力( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分) ) 见听力文件夹见听力文件夹第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分) )第一节第一节( (共共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分) )阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATrain InformationAll cust

3、omers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticketinformation，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connectionsbetween trains or

4、 between train services and bus services.Lost property(失物招领)Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays, g

5、enerally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day,Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or callTransLink on 13 12 30 an

6、ytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm

7、8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am21. What would you do get ticker information?A. Call 13 16 17.B. Visit translink .com.au.C.Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule.22.At which station can you find the lost property office?A.Altandi.B. Roma S

8、treet.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A. 6:42 pm.B. 7:29 pm.C. 8:57 pm.D. 11:02 pm.BReturning to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. Theres a welcome familiarity - butalso sometimes a slight

9、 suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books dont change, peopledo.And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. Its true, theolder

10、I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, its all about the present. Its about the now and what onecontributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to

11、 reading every spring is Emest HemningwaysAMoveable Feast. Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another isAnnie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic1975 ramble (随笔) about ever

12、ything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazars Save Twilight: Selected Poems,because poetry.And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach tothem. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and ne

13、cessary, rereading an authors work is the highestcurrency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, its you that hasto grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates t

14、he writer-reader relationship.B. Its a window to a whole new world.C. Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of oneself.25. What do we know about the bookA Moveable Feas!?A. Its a brief account of a trip.B. Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C. Its a record

15、 of a historic event.D. Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.26. What does the underlined word currency in paragraph 4 refer to?A. DebtB. Reward.C.Allowance.D. Face value.27. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.B. Hes an editor.C. Hes very ambitious.D. He teaches rea

16、ding.CRace walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewerinjuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometerrace walk, which is

17、 about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees staystraight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. Its this strangeform that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jacl

18、yn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercisescience at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving ata pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approx

19、imately twice as many as theywould burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research,runners hit the ground with as much as four

20、 times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave theground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among racewalkers. But the sports strange form does

21、place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of suchinjuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably firstconsult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practic

22、e.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.29. What advantage does race walking have over running?A. Its more popular at the Olympics.B. Its less c

23、hallenging physically.C. Its more effective in body building.D. Its less likely to cause knee injuries.30. What is Dr. Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking?A. Getting expertsopinions.B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.31. Which word b

24、est describes the authors attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Tolerant.D. Conservative.DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have foundpositive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown， Ohio， for example, discovere

25、d that greener areas of the city experiencedless crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated withhouseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actualcomposition of plants

26、in order to get them to perform diverse， even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensorsprinted onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals ingroundwater. Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the

27、things that we use everyday,explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranosteam found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about

28、one-thousandth of the amountneeded to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn treeinto self-powered street lamps.in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-o

29、fftreatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and offswitchwhere theglow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from thepower source(电源)-such

30、 as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lostduring transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.Anew study of different plants.B.Abig fall in crime rates.C.

31、Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plantslack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.34. What can we expec

32、t of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowi

33、ng plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?第二节第二节( (共共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1010 分分) )根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AFew Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe al

34、l want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. _36_ Heresa handful of ways that will set you in the right direction._37_ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.Why do you follow them? Are you hopingthat eventually you will fe

35、el empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are theonly you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and ourfailures. _38_ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather t

36、han getting caught up in how you could have donebetter, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? That didnt go as planned. But, I tried my best.Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength beforeweakness. List all of your

37、 accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bedtoday. _39_Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why youfeel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to your

38、self. _40_ Turn to a page in yourjournal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with other

39、s.G. When does the comparison game start?第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用语言知识运用( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分) )第一节第一节( (共共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分) )阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kep

40、t telling them that our sliding glass door is just awindow. The _41_ is obvious. If we _42_ it is a door, theyll want to go outside _43_. It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the _44_. But our insisting its _45_ a window has kept them from _46_ millions ofrequests to open the door.I hate

41、lying to the kids. One day theyll _47_ and discover that everything theyve always known about windowsis a _48_.I wonder if _49_ should always tell the truth no matter the _50_. I have a very strong_51_ that the lie were telling is doing _52_ damage to our children. Windows and doors have_53_ metapho

42、rical(比喻) meanings. Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door. What iflater in _54_ they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and _55_opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just _56_ it and wonder, What if it isnt a door? Thatis, What

43、 if it isnt a _57_ opportunity?Maybe its an unreasonable fear. But the _58_ is that I shouldnt lie to my kids. I should just _59_repeatedly having to say, No. We cant go outside now. Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real ormetaphorical, they wont _60_ to open them and walk through

44、.41.A. reliefB. targetC. reasonD. case42.A. admitB. believeC. meanD. realize43.A. graduallyB. constantlyC. temporarilyD. casually44.A. resultB. dangerC. methodD. truth45.A. merelyB. slightlyC. hardlyD. partly46.A. reviewingB. approvingC. receivingD. attempting47.A. win outB. give upC. wake upD. stan

45、d out48.A. dreamB. lieC. fantasyD. fact49.A. parentsB. twinsC. colleaguesD. teachers50.A. restrictionsB. explanationsC. differencesD. consequences51.A. demandB. fearC. desireD. doubt52.A. physicalB. biologicalC. spiritualD. behavioral53.A. traditionalB. importantC. doubleD. original54.A. lifeB. time

46、C. replyD. history55.A. by comparison withB. in addition toC. regardless ofD. instead of56.A. get hold ofB. stare atC. knock onD. make use of57.A. realB. TypicalC. similarD. limited58.A. safety ruleB. comfort zoneC. bottom lineD. top secret59.A. delayB. regretC. enjoyD. accept60.A. hurryB. decideC.

47、hesitateD. intend第二节第二节( (共共 1010 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分分) )阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _61_ (touch) dow

48、n last week in the SouthPole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is _62_ (extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocksdirect radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _63_ itcould send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.

49、 The far side of the moon is of particular _64_ (interesting) toscientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so _65_ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hopeto use the instruments onboard Change-4 _66_ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. This reallyexcites s

50、cientists, Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, because it _67_ (mean) we have the chanceto obtain information about how the moon _68_ (construct) Data about the moons composition, such as how_69_ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _70_ (it) plans f