非小细胞肺癌术后辅助化疗方案选择的多因素分析.doc
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1、密级 学 位 论 文论文题目(黑体,二号,加粗,居中)作者姓名: 指导教师: 学科专业: 大 学摘要目的:非小细胞肺癌( non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC) 的多学科治疗已有十多年, 诊断技术及治疗策略的改进有可能导致非小细胞肺癌 的预后影响因素的改变。采用回顾性分析探讨非小细胞肺癌术后生存期的影响因素,通过患者的生物学特征与胶滴肿瘤药敏检测技术(CD-DST)的检验结果相结合,对非小细胞肺癌根治术后个体化辅助化疗方案的选择进行相关性分析,探究其对非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存期的影响。方法:选取2015年1月1日-2018年1月1日北部战区总医院胸外科经病理确诊的
2、非小细胞肺癌患者201例,通过查询既往病例资料,电话回访及门诊随访等方式获得各例病人的生存资料数据,生存时间以月为单位计算,排除非死于肺癌的随访患者。从随访资料及临床资料中选取了多项的观察指标并进行相关研究,其中包括性别、年龄、吸烟与否、TNM分期、病理类型、分化程度、淋巴结组数、手术方式、术后是否行化疗治疗等相关预后因素。将观察所得的结果进行量化赋值,其中病理分期按照美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)和国际抗癌联盟(UICC)修订采用的国际肺癌TNM分期标准重新分类,使用SPSS22.0软件对该201例患者从不同临床特点进行多因素对比分析,用Logistic回归方程分析根据性别、年龄、吸烟史、T
3、NM分级、淋巴结组数、手术方式、化疗等因素预后差异。生存曲线估计按照Kaplan-Meier方法分析,依据胶滴肿瘤药敏检测技术(CD-DST)用药与常规化疗用药及未化疗的患者的生存对比。结果:研究结果表明,年龄(P=0.000,OR=1.367),吸烟与否(P=0.044,OR=2.467),TNM分期(P=0.029,OR=2.399),淋巴结组数(P=0.010,OR=0.651),手术方式(P=0.015,OR=5.5),化疗(P=0.028,OR=0.287),说明年龄、吸烟史、TNM分期、淋巴结组数、手术方式、术后化疗治疗是影响非小细胞肺癌患者预后的相关危险因素。按照胶滴肿瘤药敏检测
4、技术(CD-DST)的检测结果用药,与不按检测结果用药的患者及未化疗患者的进行生存率的组间比较,是若不考虑其他混杂因素下生存分析的常用方法。与不按胶滴肿瘤药敏检测技术(CD-DST)结果用药的患者及未化疗患者在术后40个月内死亡率较高,超过40个月后,患者死亡率逐渐下降,但仍呈递减过程,说明随时间迁移,患者的生存率逐渐降低。结论:(1)术后化疗对术后生存率有显著影响。化疗因为能减少局部复发、增加局部控制率,提高总生存期而被临床所重视对于广泛期患者。(2)年龄对术后生存率有显著影响。我国肺癌发病率持续上升的重要原因之一即为人口老龄化。(3)TNM分期对术后生存率有显著影响。肺癌的分期是临床分析的
5、基础,依据分期判断病情早晚、预后及治疗方案的选择等。决定能否行根治性切除术和判断预后的主要依据是肺癌的分期。(4)抽烟对术后生存率有显著影响。I期对象是123人,II期对象是55人。吸烟已被认为是肺癌发生的重要危险因素,且吸烟量越大,肺癌发生的可能性越大。(5)手术方式对术后生存率有显著影响。在肺癌外科手术时,在最大限度地切除肿瘤组织,同时争取最大限度地保留正常组织,以保留更多的肺功能,减少患者术后并发症、延长生存时间及提高患者生活质量。(6)淋巴结清除组数对术后生存率有显著影响。对可疑淋巴结进行清扫,能有效改善肺癌外科治疗患者预后。肺癌的淋巴转移途径主要是按照淋巴引流的方向依次转移。(7)根
6、据药敏反应用药对术后生存率有显著影响。绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,这说明根据药敏反应用药是影响非小细胞肺癌的预后危险因素之一。关键词:非小细胞肺癌患者 预后分析 生存分析 药敏检测IVAbstractObjective:To collect the clinical data of lung cancer patients and explore the difference of some factors on survival time of non-small cell lung cancer patients.Methods :201 patients with non-sm
7、all cell lung cancer diagnosed by pathology in chest surgery department of north war zone general hospital from january 1,2015 to january 1,2018 were selected. The survival data of each patient were obtained by means of inquiry of past case data, telephone return visit and outpatient follow-up. The
8、survival time was calculated in months, and the follow-up patients who did not die-up. From the follow-up data and clinical data, we selected a number of observation indicators and carried out related studies, including sex, age, smoking or not, TNM stage, pathological type, differentiation degree,
9、number of lymph nodes, operation mode, postoperative chemotherapy treatment and other related prognostic factors. the results obtained from the observations were quantified and assigned, in which pathological staging was reclassified according to the international lung cancer TNM staging standard re
10、vised by the united states joint cancer commission (AJCC) and the international anti-cancer alliance (UICC). the 201 patients were analyzed using SPSS22.0 software for multivariate comparative analysis from different clinical characteristics. Logistic regression equations were used to analyze progno
11、stic differences based on sex, age, smoking history, TNM grade, number of lymph nodes, operation mode, chemotherapy and other factors. The survival curve was analyzed according to the Kaplan-Meier method, and the survival of patients with CD-DST and non-chemotherapy were compared with the drug sensi
12、tivity detection technique.Results: Age (P=0.000, ORP=1.367), smoking (P=0.044, ORP=2.467), TNM staging (P=0.029, L2.399), number of lymph nodes (P=0.010, L0.651), mode of operation (P=0.015, L5.5), chemotherapy (P=0.028, L0.051).287), indicating that age, smoking history, TNM stage, number of lymph
13、 nodes, operation mode, postoperative chemotherapy treatment are relevant risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.According to the CD-DST test results, it is a common method to analyze survival without considering other confounding factors. Compared with the
14、results of drug sensitivity test (CD-DST), the mortality rate of patients and patients without chemotherapy was higher within 40 months after operation. After more than 40 months, the mortality rate of patients gradually decreased, but still showed a decreasing process, indicating that the survival
15、rate of patients gradually decreased with time migration.Conclusion :(1) Postoperative chemotherapy has a significant effect on postoperative survival. Chemotherapy has been paid much attention to in a wide range of patients because it can reduce local recurrence, increase local control rate and imp
16、rove overall survival.(2) Age has a significant effect on postoperative survival. One of the important reasons for the increasing incidence of lung cancer in China is the aging population.(3) TNM staging had a significant effect on postoperative survival. The stage of lung cancer is the basis of cli
17、nical analysis, according to the stage to judge the disease sooner or later, prognosis and treatment options. The main basis for determining whether radical resection and prognosis can be performed is the staging of lung cancer.Smoking has a significant effect on postoperative survival. The I target
18、 was 123 and the II target was 55. Smoking has been considered an important risk factor for lung cancer, and the greater the amount of smoking, the greater the likelihood of lung cancer.(5) The operation mode has a significant effect on the postoperative survival rate. in lung cancer surgery, the tu
19、mor tissue is removed to the maximum extent, while the normal tissue is kept to the maximum extent, so as to retain more lung function, reduce postoperative complications, prolong life time and improve the quality of life of patients.(6) The number of lymph node clearance groups had a significant ef
20、fect on postoperative survival. dissection of suspicious lymph nodes can effectively improve the prognosis of patients with surgical treatment of lung cancer. The lymphatic metastasis pathway of lung cancer is mainly transferred according to the direction of lymphatic drainage.(7) The postoperative
21、survival rate was significantly affected by drug sensitivity. Draw the Kaplan-Meier survival curve, which indicates that drug sensitive drug use is one of the prognostic risk factors affecting non-small cell lung cancer.Keywords:Non-small cell lung cancer patients;prognostic analysis;survival rate;d
22、rug sensitivity test目录摘要IAbstractIII1.引言12.资料与方法22.1病例资料收集32.1.1入组标准32.1.2 随访32.1.3 病人基本情况32.2 案例分析42.2.1 Logistic分析52.2.2 Kaplan-Meier分析53.结论6参考文献12非小细胞肺癌术后辅助化疗方案选择的多因素分析1.引言肺癌在全球范围内是男性中癌症死因的第一位及女性癌症死因的第二位,并且每年有将近180万新发病例数和160万死亡病例数。目前美国估计有526510名肺癌患者,2017年会再增加224390个肺癌病例。在我国2010年肺癌人口统计数据显示,原发性肺癌的发
23、病率为46.08/10万人,同时肺癌患者的死亡率为37.0/10万人1-5。另有研究表明中国人群中肺癌是与癌症相关死亡的首要原因,且死亡率还存在逐渐上升的趋势。预计在2025年以后我国肺癌每年发病的人数将会超过100万,成为全球第一肺癌大国6-10。肺癌按组织学类型可分为非小细胞肺癌NSCLC(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)和小细胞肺癌SCLC(smallcelllungcancer,SCLC),其中非小细胞肺癌约占80%-85%,是主要的临床类型。外科治疗至今仍然是III期及部分III期非小细胞肺癌治疗的首选方案,肺癌外科的公认原则是最大限度地切除肿瘤组
24、织和最大限度地保留健康肺组织,在保证切除癌组织的前提下,应尽量缩小手术切除范围。在非小细胞肺癌手术术式的选择方面,已从过去的根治行一侧全肺切除逐步趋向肺叶切除术和有限的肺叶切除术,如肺袖状切除术及肺段切除术等。Deslauriers等11研究发现,肺袖状切除术与全肺切除术相比,除了肿瘤完全切除率高,术后5年生存率高,手术死亡率低。关于淋巴结清扫的问题也已从选择性切除纵隔淋巴结逐步趋向于系统性纵隔淋巴结清扫。其优点在于可使非小细胞肺癌分期更准确,并能降低局部复发率,改善患者的生活质量,提高患者的长期生存率12-15。因此肺叶切除+纵隔淋巴结清扫术已成非小细胞肺癌外科治疗的标准术式。对于可完全切除
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