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1、 毕业设计（论文）资料附件：外文文献原文及译文学生姓名： 学 号： 班 级: 专 业： 工商管理指导教师： 2003 年 6月周易与企业文化建设 周易是中华民族聪明智慧的结晶。国际易经学会主席成中英先生说：“周易是生命的学问，宇宙的真理，文化的智慧，价值的源泉。周易不仅是中国的，也是东方的，更是世界的；不仅是古代的，也是现代的，更是未来的。”易学的深层研究和广泛运用已经取得了较为可喜的成绩，这是有目共睹的。本文试从企业文化建设这一角度出发，结合企业管理实践，对易学体系在企业管理中的运用做一探索。一、周易是预测科学和决策科学。 周易是中华民族当之无愧的瑰宝，是一部内蕴深邃的经典著作，是智慧的积淀

2、，是关于预测和决策的科学。然而，新中国成立后，周易却被当成“封建迷信”、“唯心主义”、“伪科学”来加以批判讨伐。究其原因，主要有二：一是历史原因；二是认知落后的原因。 历史原因：当革命的洪流荡涤着旧中国的时候，腐朽政权就利用“人的命，天注定”来破坏我们党发动的群众工作。为了革命的需要，我们党提出了“自己的命运自己掌握”等正面宣传来揭穿反动势力利用“宿命论”来破坏革命的阴谋。新中国成立后，为了巩固新的政权，我国在制订法律时，又把“算命、算卦、看相、阴阳风水是封建迷信”写进了刑事诉讼法等法律、法规。这就是周易“封建迷信说”的历史原因。改革开放后，此类条文被相应取消。这也可以充分说明，我们党和国家已

3、经认识到周易是中国传统文化的重要内容，是有科学道理的，是可以拿来研究、应用的。 认知落后的原因：现代科学的各个领域之间都是有着密切联系的，这不仅可以从理论上、实践上予以互相证明，而且可以通过实验、检验的方法来验证其科学结果。比如金属中含有的各种元素可以通过化学的方法进行定性、定量分析，也可以用物理的方法如光谱仪进行分析而得到各元素的准确含量。周易本身是一门高深的科学，是预测科学和决策科学，是人类的科学大纲。由于八卦、四柱等预测学的科学道理不仅深奥无穷，而且又具有超前预测、超前反映的功能，但因认知落后的原因，既无法从理论上证明其科学性，实践上对八卦、四柱所预测的准确结果又缺乏科学试验和检验的方法

4、，所以一直戴着“封建迷信”、“唯心主义”、“伪科学”的帽子。2000年6月，国际人类生物遗传基因研究中心向世界公布了人类基因排序图，不仅揭开了人类生命天书的秘密，而且也从侧面有力证明了周易在阴阳五行、天干地支和破译人类生物遗传基因密码方面的科学预测和先知先觉。 建设中国特色社会主义，不能割断历史，不能脱离包含社会传统在内的国情和民情。优秀传统文化中蕴含着许多精华，可以直接、间接地为建设社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明所利用或借鉴。让更多的人了解我国优秀传统思想文化，并从中吸取营养，这对于提高全民族的文化素质、增强民族自信心和凝聚力、振兴中华都有着不同寻常的意义。周易中的阴阳八卦符号和六十四

5、卦的卦象、爻象，不仅是宇宙间万事万物的密码标志，而且是一个储存量极大的信息库。以科学的眼光来深入研究周易所包含的博大精深的信息容量和文化内涵，充分拥有这些信息并利用所掌握的信息来服务于我们的各项工作，运用周易开展科学预测和科学决策，坚持在应用的基础上予以系统总结，对于实现中华民族的伟大复兴是大有裨益的。 二、企业文化建设决定企业的发展方向 企业文化是企业在长期的生产经营过程中形成的价值观念、经营理念、经营思路、群体意识和行为规范的一种综合体，是企业共享的观念、信念、价值、行为准则和行为模式。企业文化基本上涵盖了企业精神、经营战略、经营宗旨、人才观念、指导思想、质量意识、质量方针、人际关系、职工

6、教育等各个方面，其中最重要的是讲求经营之道、培养企业精神和塑造企业形象，即造就企业的“形”与“神”。企业文化有三个层次，即：表层文化，也就是物质文化；中层文化，也就是制度文化；深层文化，也就是精神文化。归根结底，企业文化是关于人的创造性与价值观的文化，也即如何发挥人的积极性与主动性，把企业的个体人，融合为一个有机整体、并推动整体发展的艺术。 优秀的企业文化是无形的，就好比房间里的香味一样，不论你意识与否，只要你一走进去，就能闻到香味，而且立刻会被香味熏染。企业发展的最高境界是通过企业文化来实施管理。文化是企业发展的命脉和灵魂，决定着企业前进的轨迹和命运，企业唯一持久的竞争优势，就是适应经济发展

7、规律、挖掘人的潜能的文化定位。 企业文化是决策层人格魅力和管理理念的集中体现。在企业文化建设中，企业家的个人魅力是占主导地位的。企业家有什么样的精神与素质，有什么样的襟怀与策略，就会有什么样的企业、员工和企业文化，企业就会朝什么趋势发展。作为企业家，必须汲取中外企业优秀的管理思路，更要充分挖掘本民族优秀文化的精华，以确定建设适合本企业的企业文化。因此，企业家的精神分辨力和价值取向成了企业文化建设的关键所在。 企业是人的联合体，人又是文化传播的重要载体，因此如何充分发挥人的价值是创建企业文化的首要问题。计划经济的失败，不仅仅是资源配置无效率，而且更缺乏有效的激励机制。没有激励就没有人的积极性，没

8、有人的积极性，一切经济发展就无从谈起。 企业以人为本，人以精神为指导，理顺了人的心态，就抓住了企业发展的动力源。传统的中国哲学认为，天地之性人为贵。周易条辞传曰：“天地之大德曰生”、“生生之谓易”，强调的就是人的价值和“生”与“变”的辩证关系。自强不息、生生不已，是人的主体精神，企业只有尊重人，发挥人的潜能与潜质，方能与时俱进。西方哲学家卡西尔说：“人的本质不依靠于外部的环境，而只依赖于给予其自身的价值。财富、地位、社会差别，甚至健康和智慧的天资，所有这些可能都无关紧要，惟一要紧的就是灵魂的意向、灵魂的内在态度，这种内在本性是不容扰乱的。”企业从这一角度对“人”的精神加以诠释，对于构建积极向上

9、的企业文化有着极深的现实意义。 企业家在企业文化建设中所要做的，就是把员工主体与企业集体之间存在的需求一致性引导到同一轨道上来，建立一个把二者相互碰撞所产生的代价减少到最低限度的共同发展机制；就是在企业与人的发展之间寻找一个最佳结合点。 企业的一切活动都是围绕市场规律来展开的，而驾驭市场的主体是人企业的员工，因此，追求升华人的价值最大化是企业文化建设的中心内容，也是企业发展的中心内容。升华人的价值与建立健康的企业文化、引导企业有序发展是相辅相成的，是互为因果的。所以说，企业文化是关于企业的价值观和发展目标的学问；充分发挥人的价值是企业文化建设的核心；企业文化建设则是企业持续健康成长的发动机，是

10、企业永恒的武器，决定着企业的发展方向。 三、周易思想在企业文化建设中的运用 企业文化作为一种管理思想是要预防企业在运行中面临的问题，弱化或消除企业运行中的障碍，减小管理中的不可预知性，也就是要最大可能地预测组织行为或个体行为，以及行为所导致的最终结果。因此说，企业文化的核心是影响产生个体和组织行为的内在因素，即隐藏在个体和组织中的基本假设。易经包含了丰富的辩证观念与人生哲理，是关于预测、决策和趋吉避凶的科学。易传则将这些“术”提炼上升，成为哲学，即世界观和方法论。作为一门预测科学和决策科学，周易在企业文化创建中的运用往往会起到事半功倍的效果。 周易的发扬光大在于运用。在周易的应用研究方面，特别

11、是在企业管理的应用方面，我们几乎日本落后20年。学习和运用周易以及中国传统文化的精髓，对于结合我们的国情和社会传统来发展我们的企业和企业文化，其影响必将是深远的。周易说：“君子以见善则迁，有过则改。”“天行健，君子以自强不息。”企业家在借鉴国外经验的同时，充分汲取周易思想来建设企业文化、推动企业发展，其责任是重大的，其使命是神圣的。 The Book of Changes and Corporate CultureBook of Changes is a crystallization of Chinese wisdom. International Book of Changes, Chai

12、rman of the Institute in Cheng, said: Book of Changes knowledge of life, the universe of truth, culture, wisdom, the source of value. Yi is not only China, also the Orient, is the world ; is not only ancient but also modern, is the future. easy-to-depth research and extensive use has been made more

13、encouraging results, it is obvious to all. This paper from the perspective of corporate culture, combined with business management practice, to learn business management system in use to make a exploration. First, the Book of Changes is a predictive science and decision science. Book of Changes is a

14、 treasure of Chinese nation deserved, is a classic intrinsic deep, the accumulation of wisdom, is about the prediction and decision science. However, the new China was founded, Book of Changes were taken as feudal superstition and idealist, pseudo-science to be critical onslaught. The reasons are ma

15、inly two: First, for historical reasons; Second, the reason behind the perception. Historical reasons: When the revolution of the torrent and cleaned up the old China, the corrupt regime on the use of human life, heaven to destroy our party to launch the mass work. Need for revolution, our Party mad

16、e their own destiny to master and positive propaganda to reveal the reactionary forces to use fatalism conspiracy to destroy the revolution. After the founding of new China, in order to consolidate the new regime, our country in the formulation of laws, again, fortune-telling, fortune-teller, fortun

17、e teller, Yin and Yang Feng Shui is the feudal superstition into its Code of Criminal Procedure and other laws and regulations. This is the Book of Changes, feudal superstition that historical reasons. Reform and opening up, such provisions are accordingly canceled. This could explain, our party and

18、 the country has recognized the Book of Changes is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, there is a scientific reason, they can be used to research and application.Awareness of reasons for the: between the various fields of modern science are closely linked, this not only in theory and i

19、n practice proved to be another, but can experiment, test to verify its scientific results. Such as the various elements of metal containing chemical methods can be qualitative and quantitative analysis, also using physical methods such as spectroscopy for analysis of the precise content of the elem

20、ents obtained. Book itself is a profound science, science and decision science to predict is the outline of the human sciences. As gossip, four columns of scientific reasoning such predictions is not only profound infinite, but also has predictions reflect the function in advance, but understanding

21、a number of reasons, not only can not prove scientific theory in practice on the gossip, the four column the results predicted by the lack of accurate scientific experiments and testing methods, it has been wearing a feudal superstition and idealist, pseudo-science label. June 2000, the Internationa

22、l Human Biological Gene Research Center, announced to the world map the human genome sequencing, not only reveal the secret of human life bible, but also from the side of the strong evidence of the Book of Changes in the yin and yang, attribution, and deciphering the human biological genetic code of

23、 scientific forecasting and foresight.Building socialism with Chinese characteristics in light of historical and can not contain social traditions, including from the national conditions and aspirations. Outstanding traditional culture contains many essential, can be directly, indirectly, for the co

24、nstruction of socialist material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization the use or reference. Let more people know about our fine tradition and culture, and draw nutrition, which for the whole nations cultural quality, enhance national confidence and cohesion, and regenerati

25、on all have extraordinary significance. Book of Changes gossip in the yin and yang symbols and 64 diagrams and images mentioned, Yao Xiang, everything in the universe is not only the password symbol, but also a great repository of information storage capacity. In-depth study of scientific perspectiv

26、e, Book contains the information capacity and profound cultural connotations, to fully enjoy the information and use the available information to serve our work, the use of Book of Changes for scientific prediction and scientific decision-making adhere to the basis of the application to be systemati

27、cally summarizes, for the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation is a great benefit.Second, corporate culture deciding the direction of developmentCorporate culture is the enterprise business processes in long-term Devalues formed De, business philosophy, business ideas, group consciousness and norms

28、of an integrated body, is the enterprise Gongxiang the concept of beliefs, values, behavior and behavior Moshi Zhunze. Basically covers the corporate culture of entrepreneurship, business strategy, management objectives, personnel concepts, guidelines, quality awareness, quality policy, interpersona

29、l relations, employee education and other aspects, the most important is the emphasis on business management, entrepreneurship and shaping the corporate image, that is creating enterprise form and God. Culture has three levels, namely: surface culture, that is, material culture; middle culture, that

30、 is, institutional culture; deep culture, which is spiritual and cultural. After all, corporate culture is about human creativity and cultural values, but also how to play to peoples enthusiasm and initiative, the companys individual - who, together as an organic whole, and to promote the overall de

31、velopment of the arts.Excellent corporate culture is invisible, is like the smell of the room, like, whether you are conscious or not, as long as you go into them, you can smell the aroma, flavor and immediately be edification. The highest level of enterprise development through the implementation a

32、nd management of corporate culture. Culture is the lifeblood and soul of enterprise development, determine the trajectory and fate of the business forward, the only lasting competitive advantage companies that adapt to the economic development law, mining potential of the cultural orientation of peo

33、ple.Culture is the charisma and management decision-making embodies the concept. In the building of enterprise culture, the entrepreneurs personal charisma is dominant. What kind of entrepreneur spirit and quality, what kind of bosom and strategy, there will be any kind of business, employees and co

34、rporate culture, business in what will be trend. As entrepreneurs, foreign companies must learn good management ideas, but also to tap the essence of the national culture, to determine the building for the companys corporate culture. Therefore, the entrepreneurial spirit of the resolution and values

35、 have become the key enterprise culture.Enterprises are people of the Commonwealth, who is also an important carrier of cultural transmission, so how to give full play to human values is to create a corporate culture of top priority. The failure of the planned economy, not just inefficient allocatio

36、n of resources, but also a lack of effective incentive mechanism. No one did not inspire enthusiasm, no enthusiasm, all the talk about economic development.Business people-oriented, guided by the spirit of people to rationalize the human mind and seize the power source of enterprise development. Tra

37、ditional Chinese philosophy that is in the nature of Man. Book of speech article Biography said: Heaven and Earth Dade said, and conventional western theory, emphasizing that human values and the students and change the dialectical relationship. Self-improvement, yourself, is the main spirit of the

38、people, companies only respect people, to develop peoples potential and potential, can only advance with the times. Western philosopher Cassirer said: Human nature does not depend on the external environment, but rely on for its own value. Wealth, status, social differences, and even health and the

39、wisdom of the talent, all of which probably does not matter What matters is only the souls intention, the souls inner attitude, that this internal nature can not be disturbed. enterprises from the perspective of person to interpret the spirit, to build positive corporate culture has profound practic

40、al significance .Entrepreneurs in the building of enterprise culture in the need to do is to employees between the subject and the collective needs of business consistent guidance to the same track, a collision between the two generated by minimizing the cost of the common development of mechanisms

41、; is between business and human development to find a best combination.All business activities are carried out around the laws of the market, while the main body to control the market is people - employees of enterprises, therefore, the pursuit of maximizing the value of sublimation of human culture

42、 is the central building is the center of enterprise development. Distillation of human values and a healthy corporate culture and guiding the orderly development of complementary businesses, are closely related. Therefore, the corporate culture is the values on the business of learning and developm

43、ent objectives; give full play to human values is the core of enterprise culture; corporate culture is sustained and healthy growth engine company, is the eternal arms of Corporations development.Third, Yi thought in the use of enterprise culture constructionCulture as a management idea is to preven

44、t companies face problems in the run, weaken or eliminate barriers to business operations, reduce management unpredictability, that is, to the greatest possible predictors of behavior or individual behavior, and behavior caused by the final result. So that is the core of enterprise culture influence

45、 individual and organizational behavior generated internal factors, that is hidden in the individual and the organization of the basic assumptions. I Ching contains a wealth of dialectical concepts and philosophy of life is about the prediction, the scientific decision-making and good fortune. Yi wi

46、ll these techniques refine up to become philosophical, or world outlook and methodology. As a predictive science and decision science, Book of Changes created in the use of corporate culture often play a multiplier effect.Book of Changes is the use of carry forward. In the Book of Changes applied re

47、search, especially in business management applications, we are almost 20 years behind Japan. Learn and use Book and the essence of Chinese traditional culture, combined with our national conditions and the social traditions, to develop our business and corporate culture, its impact will be profound.

48、 Book of Changes, said: gentleman to see the good will to move, had been replaced. Heaven, a gentleman should constantly. Entrepreneurs learn from foreign experiences, learn from The Book of Changes thought to build enterprise culture, promote enterprise development, the responsibility is great, its mission is sa