高三英语有什么知识点.docx

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1、高三英语有什么知识点高三英语知识点1happynewyear!bestwishesforahappynewyear.mayyournewyearstartoutjoyful!goodfortuneandsuccessinthenewyear!maytheseasonsjoystaywithyouallyearround!mayjoyandhappinesssurroundyoutodayandalways!eventhoughwereapart,youreinmyheartthisnewyearsseason.wishingyouaholidayseasonfilledwithjoy,anda

2、llthehappythingsinlife.iwaslookingoutthewindowsthinkingaboutthepersonicaremostaboutandthepersonthatcametomindwasyou,soiwanttowishyouahappynewyear.everyonesaystheearthissuchahugeplace.so,withthosebillionsandbillionsofpeopleandall,ibelieveitsamiraclethatigottoknowyou!ifiwereinheaven,idwriteyournameone

3、verystarforalltoseejusthowmuchyoumeantome.rememberthatthereisalwayssomeonethinkingofyouatnewyear,whetheryougetthemessageornot.aspecialsmile,aspecialface.aspecialsomeoneicantreplace.aspecialhug,frommetoyou.aspecialfriendship,ivefoundinyou.happynewyear,mydearfriend.incaseyoureusingamobilephone,therear

4、eshortformsforcertainwordsthatcansavetimeandputsomecutenessinyourmessage.forexample,xmasforchristmas,rforare,uforyou,nyfornewyear,cforseeand4forfour.高三英语知识点2一、非谓语动词“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel).二听(hear,listento),三

5、让(have,1et,make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上helpsomebody(to)dosomething和美国英语lookatsomebodydosomthing.还有“二让”属特殊：getsomebodytodosomething与keepsomebodydoing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the-ingform)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话：PapaCmakesfriends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit,advise,practise,avoid,consider,mind,allow,keep,enjoy,suggest

6、,finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受).为了容易记住,也可以编成：“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;advise/suggest,avoid,risk：consider,delay,escape/miss;enjoy/appreciate,keep,imagine;need/want/require,mind.canthelp/cantstand.二、复合句1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别.例如：A、T

7、henewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(同位语从句)B、Thenewsthathetoldussurprisedeverybodyhere.(定语从句)关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语,无意义的是同位.因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用.2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级：which之前是介词与逗号(非限制性).例如：A、Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.B

8、、ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.C、Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.D、Thehouseinfrontofwhichthereisagardenismyhome.三、It的用法1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后.例如：Itisnoreasytofinishtheworkintwodays.然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是：无助(nohelp)、无用(nouse)、没好处(nogood);工作(hardwork)

9、、费时(awasteoftime)、又危险(adanger).例如：A、Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.B、Itisawasteoftimewaitingforhim.2、It还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语：2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge,make).例如：A、Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.B、Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.3、It用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、状语),可以把it当

10、作先行词.这种句子的结构是：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分.例如：A、ItiSProfessorLinwhoteachesusEnglish(强调主语)B、ItwasinShanghaithatlsawthefilm.(强调状语)C、Itwasin1990thatIworkedinthefactory.(同上)但要注意与定语从句的区别.例如：D、Itwas1990whenIworkedinthefactory.(定语从句)在强调句式里,我们把强调结构Itis(was)that除去,句子还很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.四、倒装结构学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与

11、部分倒装.如何区分之,编个顺口溜：副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不倒装的属特殊.下面举例说明：C、Infrontofthehouseliesagarden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)D、NevershallIdothisagain.(否定词提前,部分倒装)E、Youngasheis,heknowsalot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)F、OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.(only修饰状语,主句倒装)G、Onlyhecansavethepatient.(only修饰主语

12、.不倒装)H、Notonlywillhelpbegiventopeople,butalsomedicaltreatmentwillbeprovided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)I、Notonlyhebutalsowelikesports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)五、虚拟语气虚拟语气也是一个难点.所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实.它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示.现归纳如下：纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级：条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would(should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来,动词时态

13、退一级：提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：Itistime和eoukdrather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中,谓语用虚拟结构(Itisnecessry/important/natural/natural/strange/strangethatshoulddo).下面举例说明：A、Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemetting.(条件句虚拟)B、Withoutair,therewouldbenolivi

14、ngthings.(同上)C、Wewishwehadarrivedtheretwohoursearlier.(表示愿望虚拟)D、Hedemandedthatwe(should)startrightaway.(表示建议虚拟)E、Itis(high)timethatweleft(shouldleave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)F、Iwouldratheryougavemethebook.(同上)G、Itisnecessarythatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday,(主语从句虚拟)H、HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhewereEnglish.(特

15、殊从句虚拟)高三英语知识点3虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句1.wish后的宾语从句。与现在愿望不一致，用主语十过去时，例如：Iwi。hIwereyou.与过去愿望不一致，用主语+had+过去分词，例如：IwishIhadvisitedtheWhiteHousewhenIwasintheStates与将来愿望不一致，用主语+would(could)+原形。2.Itstime句型：当ltstine后用that从句时应该为主i吾+should+动词原形或主语十过去时，例如：It，stimethatyouwenttoschool.或ItstimethatyoushouldgotoschooL

16、(2)IfonlyIhadknowntheanswer.我要早知道答案就好了。4.WOuldrather，asif(though)引导的从句也需使用虚拟语气，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，例如：(l)Idratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.(2)Shelovesthechildrenasiftheywerehers.5.含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：介词或介词短语。如butfor，but

17、that，without,incaseof,undermorefavorablecondition等。连词。如sothat,unless,incase,supposing,lest,provided(倘若)，forfearthat(唯恐)，inorderthat,onconditionthat,ifonly(要是就好了)等。注意：lest,forfearthat和incase引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但也可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。例如：Theforeignteacherspokeslowlyincasewemisunderstoodhim这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们误解。通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but,otherwise,unfortunately等类似转折词。without,but.butfor,otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。例如：Withoutyou,1wouldneverknowhimButforyouroooperation,wewouldnthavedoneitButthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butIambusynow.Iambusynow,otherwiselwoulddoyouthefavor!