教育专题：高考英语复习It的用法 (2).ppt

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1、It的用法词知识要点知识要点 It的用法的用法（一）作人称代词1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。e.g.You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）Although we cannot see it,there is air all around us.（it代替后面的air）They say he has left town,but I dont believe it.（it代替前面Theytown分句中的情况）返回目录知识要点知识要点 2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。e.g.Yesterd

2、ay we saw a big tree.It was fully twenty metres high.（it代替前面的tree）The baby cried because it was hungry.（it代替前面的baby）返回目录知识要点知识要点 3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。e.g.-Someone is knocking at the door,Peter.-Who is it?-Its me.-Who are singing?-It is the children.-The light is still on in the lab.It must be the third-

3、year students doing the experiment.返回目录知识要点知识要点 4、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。e.g.-Do you still have the bicycle?-No,I have sold it.-Is this knife yours?-No.It is Xiao Zhangs.Mine is the one on the desk.返回目录知识要点知识要点 5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。e.g.The climate

4、of South China is mild（温和的）;I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）返回目录知识要点知识要点（二）作无人称代词it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。It is fine(rainy,windy,etc.).It is noon.It is a half hours wal

5、k to the factory.It is eighteen square metres in area.What does it matter?返回目录知识要点知识要点（三）作强调词，构成强调结构用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is(was)+所强调的成分+that(who)+其它成分。”在这个句型中，it本身没有词义。注意:在强调结构中，如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语，其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where，而应用that。在复习中，一定要注意句式的不同。返回目录It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar(tha

6、t引起强调句)It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar(where引起定从)It was twelve oclock when we arrived there(when引起时间状语从句）It was at twelve oclock that we arrived there.（that 引起强调句）返回目录知识要点知识要点（四）引导词it作形式主语（宾语）为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。e.g.It takes half an hour to g

7、o there on foot.（It与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词）We thought it strange that Mr.Smith did not come last night.（it与that从句中间夹有 strange）返回目录但有时it与所替代部分之间并不夹有其它词。e.g.You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词on之后一般不直接接that引导的宾语从句。注意：it不是多余的，不能当作错句）知识要点知识要点(五)it，one，that 的区别：作为代

8、词，这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。-Why dont we take a little break?-Didnt we just have _?Ait BthatCone Dthis The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move inAthey Bit Cone Dwhich one 用以指代同类事物中的任一，that 特指性强,指代可数与不可数词，而it指代上文提过的同一事物。返回目录高考链接高考链接1.（09四川）6.I like this house with a b

9、eautiful garden in front,but I dont have enough money to buy_.A.one B.it C.this D.that【答案】B。【解析】意思是：我喜欢这个前面有一个美丽花园的房子，但是我没有足够多的钱去把它买下来。第一句话中的this house表明在该语境中是特指的用法，所以答案为it，表示特指。该题容易误选one，要注意的是one表示泛指。【考点定位】it/that/one用法区别返回目录高考链接高考链接（09浙江）7Ive read another book this week.Well,maybe _ is not how muc

10、h you read but what you read that counts.A.this B.that C.thereD.it【答案】D【解析】句中“not how much you read but what you read”足以做动词count 的主语，所有选D 使之构成强调句型。【考点定位】本题考查强调句型和名词性从句。返回目录高考链接高考链接3.（09北京）2.Being a parent is not always easy,and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with _extra

11、 stress.A.it B.them C.one D.him【答案】C【解析】本题较难，但根据句意“作一名家长并不是很容易，并且作为一名有着特殊需要的孩子家长，由于当这种特殊需要的孩子家长而带来额外的压力”。分清指代，it 指代上文being the parent of a child with special needs内容，carry的宾语为extra stress,with it 表示原因，防止误选C.，由此可知选A【考点定位】考查代词it用法。返回目录高考链接高考链接4.（2006年浙江卷，4）_ is our belief that improvements in health c

12、are will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It【答案】D.【解析】本题考查it作形式主语，代替that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy，而其他选项均不可以充当形式主语。返回目录高考链接高考链接5.（2006年I，26）If I can help_,I dont like working late into the night.A.so B.that C.it D.them【

13、答案】C【解析】此题考查it的特殊用法。it可用于某些动词之后，无确切的含义，构成习语。此处If I can help it意为“如果我有办法的话”。有时我们也可以说成It cant be helped或There is no help for it。表示“实在没有办法”。常见口语中带it 的惯用语：（youve/Ive）got it懂了，明白了;forget it算了吧，别提了，休想，不可能;Dont mention it（别人道谢时回答）不客气;Take it easy别急，慢慢来;“make it+时间”把 定在（某时）;It/all depends那要看情况而定;Its hard to

14、 say情况很难说;It comes to nothing没什么结果。返回目录高考链接高考链接6.（2006年安徽卷，34）Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting,addressed to and then posted it at the nearby post officeAit;her Bit;herself Cherself;her Dherself;herself【答案】B【解析】考查代词。第一空不定代词it指代前面的postcard；第二空to后的宾语应为反身代词herself.返回目录高考链接高考链接7.（2007 年天津卷，1）He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.this B.that C.it D.these【答案】C【解析】考查it作形式主语，it代替when and where the meeting would be held其他选项均不可以充当形式宾语。返回目录