人教高三英语语法复习 被动语态.ppt

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1、被被动语态Fill in the blanks by using passive voice1.As we all know,both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games (held)every four year.2.The first Olympic Games (held)in Greece in 1896.3.Mordern cell phones are more than just phones-they (use)as cameras and radios.4.After years of hard work,parts of states (

2、put)back together and missing pieces (replace).5.In order to protect the environment,the number of visitors (should limit).are heldwas heldare being usedhave been puthave been replacedshould be limited语态语态(voice)(voice)是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。动词的

3、被动语态由间的主动和被动关系。动词的被动语态由“助助动词动词be+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。当主动构成。当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来的主语变成了介词来的主语变成了介词by by 的宾语。的宾语。We cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。昨天我们打扫了教室。The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。昨天教室被我们打扫了。一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are done am/is/are done一

4、般过去时：一般过去时：was/were done was/were done一般将来时：一般将来时：shall/will be done;shall/will be done;be going to be done be going to be done现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are being done am/is/are being done过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were being done was/were being done现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has been done have/has been done过去完成时：过去完成时：had been

5、 done had been done当句中含有情态动词时：当句中含有情态动词时：can/must/can/must/have tobe done have tobe doneHe is regarded as a brilliant.他被认为很有才气。他被认为很有才气。This book was written in 1969.这本书是这本书是1969年写成的。年写成的。The work will be finished in three hours.工作将于三小时后完成。工作将于三小时后完成。He told us the cat was being washed when we calle

6、d him.他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。The pen has been used for several years.这支钢笔已经用了几年。这支钢笔已经用了几年。He said the factory had been opened.他他说这家工厂已经开张。说这家工厂已经开张。The baby must be looked after well.这孩子必须被好好照顾。这孩子必须被好好照顾。The broken bike is being repaired now.那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。不能转换为被动句的主动句不能转换为

7、被动句的主动句1.有些连系动词，feel,small,taste,sound,prove,remain.2.有些及物动词，如have,become（适合）等，不能用于被动语态。We have a car.The jacket doesnt become me.3.如果直接宾语是反身代词、相互代词，就不能转换为被动语态。I saw myself in the mirror.We help each other.4.有些不及物动词（其主语大多数指物）的主动形式可以表达被动意义。.表示主语内在的品质或性能的不及物动词。shut,open,sell,read,wash,catch,cut,write,

8、wear.不及物动词或短语。happen,take place,belong to,break out,last,go out,run out,cost,spread.某些可用于“主+谓+补”结构中的不及物动词。wear,blow.含有双宾语的主动句的转换含有双宾语的主动句的转换I gave the book to Mr.Smith yesterday.昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。The book was given to Mr.Smith yesterday(by me).Mr.Smith was given a book yesterday(by me).含有介

9、词动词的主动句的转换含有介词动词的主动句的转换They have never listened to him.He has never been listened to.动名词主动形式表示被动意义动名词主动形式表示被动意义1.在在need,require,want(需要需要)等动词后，等动词后，表示某物表示某物(人人)要进行要进行处理时，后接动名处理时，后接动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义，词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式。例如：相当于不定式的被动式。例如：Youve come just in time to help us.Fine,what require

10、s doing?(=Fine,what requires to be done?)This sentence needs _.A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improvedC被动结构与系表结构的区别1它们的主要区别在于：被动结构表示动作，系表它们的主要区别在于：被动结构表示动作，系表结构表示状态。结构表示状态。The cup was broken(by him).The cup is broken.I was encouraged by my teacher.I was rather encouraged.I was interested b

11、y what I heard.I was interested in it.2 2句中有句中有by短语，并且短语，并且by后的宾语是有生命的人或后的宾语是有生命的人或动物，则该句一定是被动结构，有时不是人或动物也动物，则该句一定是被动结构，有时不是人或动物也可以判断出是被动结构。可以判断出是被动结构。The bird was killed by the boy.The crops were destroyed by the flood.3with短语常暗示着某个动作执行者的存在，这样的短语常暗示着某个动作执行者的存在，这样的句子往往是被动结构。句子往往是被动结构。The bird was ki

12、lled with a stone.4系表结构中的表语常是一些以系表结构中的表语常是一些以ed结尾的形容词，结尾的形容词，这些词常可用这些词常可用very,quite,rather,more等修饰。等修饰。I was very surprised.He was quite encouraged.They were rather interested.I am more annoyed.区别下列句子，指出是被动结构还是区别下列句子，指出是被动结构还是系表结构。系表结构。1.The shop was closed at 6:00 p.m.yesterday.2.The shop is closed

13、.3.They were educated by the society,schools and families.4.They were well educated.5.He was dressed in blue.6.The children were dressed every morning by their parents.I.Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice.1)They are serving breakfast between eight and ten oclock.Breakfast is being

14、served between eight and ten oclock.2)People were talking about the unusually hot weather.The unusually hot weather was being talked about.3)His father allows him a little money every month.A little money is allowed to him by his father every month.4)The teacher will give you some instructions.Some

15、instructions will be given to you.You will be given some instructions.5)The students must hand in their papers immediately.6)Who will look after the child?7)Do they take good care of the sick?8)We should make good use of every minute.9)They sent for the doctor right after the accident.10)They had ne

16、ver dreamed of such success before they made the experiment.Rewrite the following sentences in the active voice.1)Many changes can be seen by the year 2008.People can see many changes by the year 2008.2)This letter neednt to be typed.You neednt type this letter.3)Spanish is spoken in South America.(

17、people)4)We are being taught how to operate the new machine.(a man)5)The door should not have been left open all night.(you)6)The boy was given a special prize.(the teacher)7)All these words must be looked up in a dictionary.(you)8)The room is always kept clean and tidy.(Jordan)1)How are you today?O

18、h,I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didnt feel B.wasnt feeling C.dont feel D.havent felt.2)Old Mc Donald gave up smoking for a while,but soon _ to his old ways.A.returned B.returns C.was returning D.had returnedDAEXERCISEEXERCISE3)They asked me to have a drink with them.I said that it wa

19、s at least ten years since I _ a good drink.A.had enjoyed B.was enjoying C.enjoyed D.had been enjoying4)Tom _ into the house when no one_.A.slipped,was looking B.had slipped,looked C.slipped,had looked D.was slipping,looked AA5)The pen I _ I _ is on my desk,right under my nose.A.think,lost B.thought

20、,had lost C.think,had lost D.thought,have lost6)I dont think Jim saw me;he _ into space.A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just staredBB7)Is his raincoat yours?No,mine _ there behind the door.A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D hung8)The price _,but I doubt whether it will remain

21、 so.A.went down B.will go down C.has gone down D.was going downAC9)In some parts of the world,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served10)The train _ arrived at 11:30,but it was an hour late.A.was about to B.was likely to C.was supposed to D.was certain toBC11)People often

22、 want to know what my job is.Often I _ that question.A.ask B.am asking C.get asked D.get asking12)The new dictionaries are very useful.They _ well and _ already.A.sell,have been sold out B.sold,had sold out C.sell,sell out D.are sold,have been sold outCA13)All the preparations for the task _,and wer

23、e ready to start.A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed14)The teacher told his students that they _ to be useful men to the country.A.were all expected B.were all expecting C.all were expected D.all expectedDA9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202210、雨中黄叶

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