北京地区高三英语语法 动名词 新课标.ppt

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1、 The Gerund（动名词）（动名词）1.动名词的形式：语态语态时态时态 主动式主动式 被动式被动式一般式一般式workingbeing worked完成式完成式having workedhaving been worked2.动名词的否定形式not doingnot having donenot having been donenot being doneeg.Writing to her without getting a reply is better than not writing to her at all.eg.He regretted not having written

2、to her.3.动名词具有动词的特征，可以带有宾语，宾语补足语，状语等。eg.You must practise reading English aloud.eg.Getting up early is a good habit.4.动名词在句中的作用：主语主语定语定语表语表语宾语宾语1)动名词作主语动名词作主语通常表示一种抽象的动作概念，即泛指某种行为和动作。eg.Skating on real ice is great fun.eg.Collecting stamps will cost you a lot of money.eg.Smoking cigarettes is harmfu

3、l to your health.eg.Reading history helps broaden your world outlook.动名词结构作主语，通常也有两种位置；一种是位于句首；另一种是用 it作形式主语，而将动名词结构后置。eg.It is no use blaming him now.eg.Its interesting collecting stamps.eg.It is pleasant working with you.eg.Its waste of time searching for a ring in the woods.*不定式和动名词结构都能作主语，但从语义上看

4、，用动名词结构作主语泛指意义较强，而不定式作 主语具体的一次性动作。eg.Reading novels is an enjoyment.eg.To read this novel is my homework.Compare:2）动名词作表语动名词结构作 表语也是泛指意义较强，而不定式结构作 表语多指具体的一次性动作。eg.My hobby is growing flowers.eg.My favourite sport is playing tennis.eg.What I thought most was going to China.Compare:What Im going to do

5、 is to play tennis this afternoon.What I am told to do is to go to China at once.*表语往往要求在结构形式上与主语一致，如果主语是动名词结构，表语往往也要用动名词结构；主语如果是不定式结构，则表语也要求用不定式结构。Laying down arms is giving up the revolutionary cause.To lay arms is to give up the revolutionary cause.Example:3)动名词作定语动名词作定语通常表示被修饰词的用途。a swimming poo

6、l=a pool for swimminga sleeping car=a car for sleeping4)动名词作动词宾语有一类动词只能带动名词作宾语，不能带不定式作宾语。这类动词常见的有:avoid consider delay dislike enjoy excuse finish imaginekeep mind miss practise suggest give up put offcannot helpExample:Why do you avoid meeting George?When can you finish writing the letter?Do you mi

7、nd my opening the windows?I have delayed my going abroad.I dislike his coming to see me so often.He enjoyed taking the children out for long walks.还有一些动词随后即可跟动名词，又可跟不定式，意义没有区别或区别不大如：attempt begin continue hate intendlike love prefer require start Example:He began learning/to learn English at the age

8、 of ten.I like playing/to play chess.但是，也有一些动词后跟动名词结构或不定式结构则意义区别很大。forget regret mean try stop need require wantgo on cant help remember记住要做一件事记住要做一件事记住过去做过的一记住过去做过的一件事件事忘记要做一件事忘记要做一件事 忘记过去做过的一忘记过去做过的一件事件事对现在要做的事表对现在要做的事表示遗憾示遗憾 对已发生的事表示对已发生的事表示遗憾遗憾 rememberto dodoingforgetto dodoingregretto dodoing表

9、示打算做表示打算做表示意味着表示意味着表示尽力做某事表示尽力做某事表示做某事试一试表示做某事试一试表示停下来以便做表示停下来以便做表示停止做表示停止做meanto dodoingtryto dodoingstopto dodoing接着做另一件事接着做另一件事继续做一直在做的继续做一直在做的事事不能帮助做谋事不能帮助做谋事禁不住做某事禁不住做某事主语是不定式动作主语是不定式动作的执行者的执行者主语是主语是-ing动作的动作的承受者承受者go onto dodoingcant helpto dodoingneed require wantto dodoing过去经常做过去经常做（现在已不（现在已

10、不做了）做了）习惯于做某习惯于做某事事表示不敢做表示不敢做某事某事表示害怕表示害怕 担担心会心会used to dobe used to doingbe afraidto doof doingExample:I remembered putting the book on the shelf.I remembered to put the book on the shelf.He tried writing with his left hand.He tried to write with his left hand.5)动名词作介词宾语动名词结构作介词宾语相当动名词结构作介词宾语相当于名词词

11、组或名词性从句。于名词词组或名词性从句。eg.She is fond of playing tennis.eg.I have never heard of his buying a new house.*在一定的上下文中，动名词结构作宾语的介词常可省略。eg.Do you have any difficulty(in)finding his house.eg.What is the use(of)pretending to know everything.5.动名词的时态和语态1)动名词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或之后发生用一般式。eg.They are all interes

12、ted in climbing mountains.2)动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用完成式。eg.I regret having made such a mistake.eg.I apologize for not having kept my promise.3)如果动名词与逻辑主语是被动关系，用被动式。eg.He entered the office without being asked.eg.She remembered having been taken to Paris.6.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构是由ones/one+v-ing 构成。当动名词的逻

13、辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，应用复合结构。Example:Do you mind my smoking here?His coming to school late made the teacher very angry.*如果在句中作宾语，复合结构中的代词可以用宾格。eg.I dislike him coming to see me so often.eg.I have delayed him going abroad.9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/12/252022/

14、12/252022/12/2512/25/2022 3:08:53 PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25Dec-2225-Dec-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。25 十二月 20222022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2515、比不了得就不比，得不到的

15、就不要。十二月 222022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/12/252022/12/2525 December 202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/252022/12/259、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/

16、25/2022 3:08:53 PM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25Dec-2225-Dec-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。25 十二月 20222022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2

17、515、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。十二月 222022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/202216、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2022/12/252022/12/2525 December 202217、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/252022/12/259、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。2022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202210、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/2022 3:08:53

18、PM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25Dec-2225-Dec-2212、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25Sunday,December 25,202213、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。25 十二月 20222022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2515、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。

19、十二月 222022/12/252022/12/252022/12/2512/25/202216、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2022/12/252022/12/2525 December 202217、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2022/12/252022/12/252022/12/252022/12/25MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Fusce id urna blandit,eleifend nulla ac,fringilla purus.Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus.感感 谢谢 您您 的的 下下 载载 观观 看看专家告诉