人教版高三英语高考《语法》专题复习系列课件03《名词性从句》全国通用.ppt

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1、2010高考英语语法专题复习系列课件2021/8/9 星期一103名词性从句2021/8/9 星期一2I I语序问题语序问题1.Thephotographswillshowyou_.（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Heasked_foraviolin（MET92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid规律一：规律一：名词性

2、从句在句中要用陈述语序名词性从句在句中要用陈述语序2021/8/9 星期一3II引导词的选择引导词的选择1._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what2.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.AwhileBthatCifDfor2021/8/9 星期一43.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoonAwhenBhowCwhetherDwhy4m

3、adetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhatbecause BWhatthatCThatwhatDThatbecause2021/8/9 星期一5规律二规律二：1.从句是陈述句转化而来的，不含从句是陈述句转化而来的，不含有疑问意义。由有疑问意义。由that引导且引导且that连词在从句中连词在从句中不作成分不作成分2.从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由义的。由whether，if引导引导3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问

4、意从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由义的。由wh-连词引导且连词引导且wh-连词在从句中作连词在从句中作成分。成分。连接代词连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。2021/8/9 星期一6找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitable

5、forustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris.Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent.HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.规律三规律三：whetherwhether和和ifif的区别的区别：2021/8/9 星期

6、一7whetherwhether和和ifif在宾语从句中可在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用接词一般用whetherwhether。如：如：It all depends It all depends on whetheron whether they will come back.they will come back.2021/8/9 星期一8后面直接跟后面直接跟or not or not 时用时用 whetherwhether。如：如：I didnt know whether or I didnt know whether or not he ha

7、d arrived in Wuhan.not he had arrived in Wuhan.2021/8/9 星期一9主语从句和表语从句中只能用主语从句和表语从句中只能用whetherwhether。如：如：WhetherWhether the meeting will be the meeting will be put off has not been decided put off has not been decided yet.yet.The question is The question is whether whether they they have so much mon

8、ey.have so much money.2021/8/9 星期一10whetherwhether可以引导同位语从可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，内容，ifif不能。不能。如：如：Weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot.2021/8/9 星期一11whetherwhether常与常与oror连用表示一种选择，连用表示一种选择，ifif不能这样不能这样用；用；whetherwhether也可与动词不定式连用但也可与动词不定式连用但ifif不能。不能。如：如：The question

9、 of The question of whetherwhether they they are male are male oror female is not female is not important.important.I have not decided I have not decided whetherwhether to to gogo or not.or not.2021/8/9 星期一12 whetherwhether可引导一个让步状语从句表示可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管不管”、“无论无论”，而，而ifif不能，但可以不能，但可以引导一个条件状语从句表示引导一个条件

10、状语从句表示“如果如果”如：如：WhetherWhether he comes or not,we he comes or not,we will begin our party on will begin our party on time.time.If If I have time tomorrow,I have time tomorrow,Ill go to visit Tom.Ill go to visit Tom.2021/8/9 星期一13找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentso

11、muchmoneyonthesebooks.2.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律四规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助“it”“it”而后置而后置。2021/8/9 星期一141.主语从句可以用主语从句

12、可以用it（作形式主语）（作形式主语）来替换成以下几种结构表达。来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/surprisingthat（B）Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonderthat.2021/8/9 星期一15（C）Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat（D）Itseems/happensthat如：如：ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup.2021/8/9 星期一162.宾语从句可以用宾语从句可以用it

13、（作形式宾语）（作形式宾语）来替换的句型为：来替换的句型为：主语谓语主语谓语itAdj/N从句从句如：如：I think it necessary that wehavethemeeting2021/8/9 星期一171.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2._ much advice I gave him,he did exactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter3.Itisgene

14、rallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2021/8/9 星期一18Hewillbelievewhateverotherssay.（不能用（不能用nomatterwhat代替代替whatever）Whateverotherssay,hewillbelieveit.（可以用（可以用nomatterwhat代替代替whatever）规律四规律四：whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however 等与等与 no

15、matter what,no matter which,no matter who,no matter when,no matter where,no matter how 的区别的区别:前者既可以前者既可以引导名词性从句引导名词性从句，也可以引导也可以引导让步状语从句让步状语从句，而，而 no matter 加疑问加疑问词词只能引导让步状语从句只能引导让步状语从句。2021/8/9 星期一19找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourho

16、meworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Myideaisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.2021/8/9 星期一20规律五规律五：注意注意虚拟语气在名词性从句虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用中的运用！(1)虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的运用。中的运用。“wish+“wish+宾语从句宾语从句”表示不能实表示不能实现的愿望，译

17、为现的愿望，译为“要是要是就好了就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用词用“would/could+“would/could+动词原形动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用谓语动词用“had+“had+过去分词过去分词”2021/8/9 星期一21或或“could(should)+have+“could(should)+have+过过去分词去分词”。如：。如：I wish it I

18、wish it werewere spring all the spring all the year round.year round.I wish I I wish I had knownhad known the answer.the answer.I wish I I wish I could flycould fly like a like a bird.bird.2021/8/9 星期一22在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggestsuggest、adviseadvise、proposepropose、demanddemand、requirerequ

19、ire、insist requestinsist request、commandcommand、orderorder等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用词用(should)+(should)+动词原形或是动词原形。动词原形或是动词原形。如：如：She suggested we She suggested we(should)leave(should)leave here here at once.at once.The doctor ordered she The doctor ordered she(should)be(should)be operated o

20、n.operated on.2021/8/9 星期一23（2 2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词adviseadvise、ideaidea、orderorder、demanddemand、planplan、proposalproposal、suggestionsuggestion、requestrequest等的表语从句和同位语等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（shouldshould）+动词原形动词原形”。如：。如：His suggestion

21、that we His suggestion that we(should)go(should)go to to Shanghai is wonderful.Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they My idea is that they(should)pay(should)pay 100 100 dollars.dollars.2021/8/9 星期一24（3 3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should“should+动词原形动词原形”的结构，表示

22、惊奇、不相信、理应的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如此等。如：如：It is necessary(important,natural,It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that we strange,etc.)that we should cleanshould clean the the room every day.room every day.It was a pity(a shame,no wonder,It was a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)that you etc.)that you

23、 should beshould be so careless.so careless.2021/8/9 星期一25It will be desired(suggested,decided,It will be desired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)that she etc.)that she should finishshould finish her her homework this afternoon.homework this afternoon.注意：

24、这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，thatthat从从句也可用陈述句语气。如：句也可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you It is pity that you cant swimcant swim.2021/8/9 星期一26名词从句与定语从句 的主要区别2021/8/9 星期一27I.I.成分上的区别：成分上的区别：名词性从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么名词性从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么 样的

25、成分？样的成分？1.Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语2021/8/9 星期一285.Ivisitedthecountrywhich/thathadbeenbombedbytheUS-ledNATO(美国为首的北约美国为首的北约)amonthbefo

26、re6.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.8.IhadneverseensuchagoodfilmasIwatchedlastnight.2021/8/9 星期一29结论结论：名词性从句充当句子的名词性从句充当句子的主要成分主要成分（作主语，宾语，表语，同位语），（作主语，

27、宾语，表语，同位语），且且无先行词，同位语除外无先行词，同位语除外。定语从句充当句子的定语从句充当句子的修饰成分修饰成分（作定语），（作定语），前面有先行词前面有先行词2021/8/9 星期一30同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that作作为为关关系系代代词词,可可以以引引导导定定语语从从句句,充充当当句句子子的的主主语语或或宾宾语语成成分分,在在从从句句中中作作宾宾语语时时可可以以省省略略;that引引导导同同位位语语从从句句时时,起起连连词词的的作作用用,没有实际意义，不充当句子成分没有实际意义，不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句试比较下面

28、两个例句:Thesuggestion(that)heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.（that引导定语从句引导定语从句,作宾语作宾语,可以省略）可以省略）Thesuggestionthatthestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.（that引导同位语从句）引导同位语从句）Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.（that引导同位语从句引导同位语从句,不能省略）不能省略）Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece?（that

29、引导定语从句引导定语从句,作宾语作宾语,可以省略）可以省略）2021/8/9 星期一31I.I.引导词的不同：引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：as,且且when,where等不能与等不能与in/on/atwhich互换。互换。whether,if,what,how2021/8/9 星期一32III.III.名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.-Hehasdone_hecantohelpme.2.WhatIwan

30、ttosayhasnothingtodowithit.3.-_Iwanttosayhasnothingtodo4.withit.allthatAllthat 2021/8/9 星期一333.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished._breaksthelawistobepunished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto_needsitmost.5.Wellrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.Wellremember_weturn

31、edtoforhelp.Anyonewhoanyonewhoanyone(whom)2021/8/9 星期一346.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo_hewantsthemtodo.7.Illreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.Illread_ofthebooks_yougiveme.anythingthatanythat2021/8/9 星期一35IV.IV.其余问题其余问题：1.误：误：Idontknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：误：Ihavenoideawhathadhappenedwh

32、enIwasaway.正：正：Idontknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.2021/8/9 星期一363.误：误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.2021/8/9 星期一37名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewil

33、l B.ifwillsheB.C.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatB.C.Which D.Whether2021/8/9 星期一385.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatB.C.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.itsD.that2021/8/9 星期一393.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.B

34、.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinB.C.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein2021/8/9 星期一407.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnam

35、eisD.howhisnameis9._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegone D.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillage

36、lookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2021/8/9 星期一4113.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.w

37、hatlookmanlike15._the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.T

38、hefactD.Thematter2021/8/9 星期一4219.Doyouremember_hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if20._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what21._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshew

39、ants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whatever B.thatC.whichD.whichever2021/8/9 星期一4325._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whe

40、ther26.You cant imagine _ when they received these niceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited27._causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where28.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._Igotwetthrough.A.ItsthereasonB.ThatswhyC

41、.ThereswhyD.Itshow2021/8/9 星期一4429.Itwasamatterof_wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever30._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever31.Itwas_hesaid_disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _comesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever2021/8/9 星期一45再见2021/8/9 星期一462021/8/9 星期一47