新课标高二英语动词不定式.ppt

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1、动词不定式不定式2021/8/8 星期日1一一.结构结构:to do 二二.(否定否定)not to do 二二.时态与语态时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式不定式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-2021/8/8 星期日21.作主语作主语2.作宾语作宾语3.作宾语补足语作宾语补足语4.作定语作定语5.作状语作状语6.作表语作表语7.作独立成分作独立成分8.与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用2021/8/8

2、 星期日3三三.用法用法/功能功能To see is to believe.Its important to learn.(1).主语主语不定式作主语时不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后往往放在谓语之后,用用it作形式主语作形式主语.My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.isis(2).表语表语2021/8/8 星期日4I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.

3、(3)宾语宾语Think/consider/find it+adj to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,set outChoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.2021/8/8 星期日5The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.(4).宾补宾补五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三使三使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉

4、:feelWarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等等2021/8/8 星期日6I made him do his work.He was made to do his work(by me).不定式用在介词不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词如果这些介词前有行为动词do的的各种形式各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带相反则带to.(1).She could do nothing but cry.(2).I have no choice but to go.(3).What do you lik

5、e to do besides sleep.2021/8/8 星期日7I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.(5).定语定语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.)请给我一支写字的笔请给我一支写字的笔.Please give me a pen to write with.2021/8/8 星期日8不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词

6、的后面，而且放在其不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。他后置定语之后。1.不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：(1)动宾关系动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。我有很多工作要做。(2)主谓关系主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。他总是第一个来。(3)同位同位关系关系 We all have a chance to go to college.我们都有上大学的机会。我们都有上大学的机会。2.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不

7、定式所作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。式后面须有相应的介词。He is looking for a room to live in.他在找一个房间住。他在找一个房间住。2021/8/8 星期日93.不定式所修饰的名词如果是不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。He had no money and no place to live.他没钱没他没钱没地方住。地方住。4.something,an

8、ything,nothing,everything等复合等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。注意比较：注意比较：1.Have you anything to send?你有什么东西要寄你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式吗？（不定式to send的动作执行者是的动作执行者是you）2.Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要（我你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式to be sent的动的动作执行着是已被省略的作执行着是已被省略的me或或someone else）2021/8/8 星期日10I came her

9、e to see you.He got up early to catch the train.(6)状语状语In order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.to.,2021/8/8 星期日11(7).独立结构独立结构 to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truthTo tell the truth,I dont agree with you.2021/8/8 星期日12(1).They pretended not to see us.(2).He pretended to be sleeping.(3).She pr

10、etended to have known it before.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎几乎/发生在发生在它之后它之后.)(在谓语动词发生的同时在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)(4).Were happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)2021/8/8 星期日13关于小品词关于小品词

11、to(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要下文要 省略该动词省略该动词.Eg:Would you like to go with me?Id like to.(2).不定式是不定式是to be 结构结构,be 不可省不可省.Eg:Would you like to be a teacher?Id like to be.2021/8/8 星期日14常见不定式作宾语的动词常见不定式作宾语的动词:ask,agree,afford,choose,decide,determine,expect,decide,hope,like,offer,pretend,prefer,wa

12、nt,wish refuse,manage2021/8/8 星期日15不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等连等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。语等。He didnt know what to say.他不知道说什么。他不知道说什么。(宾语宾语)How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决如何解决这个问题很重要。这个问题很重要。(主语主语)My question is when to start.我的问题是什么时候开始。我的问题是什么时候开始。(表

13、语表语)注意：注意：在与在与why连用时，只用于连用时，只用于why或或why not开头的简短疑开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Why not have a rest?2021/8/8 星期日16固定句型固定句型1.had better/had best+(not)do sth.最好（不）做某事最好（不）做某事2.cannot but cannot choose but +do sth.不得不做不得不做 cannot help but3.Why(not)do sth.?4.prefer to do/prefer doing5.prefer+n

14、./doing to+n./doing6.prefer+to do sth.rather than (to)do sth.7.would rather(not)do sth.8.would rather do sth.than(do)sth.else9.would rather+句子（过去式）（虚拟语气）句子（过去式）（虚拟语气）10.要做要做2021/8/8 星期日1710.advise建议 allow允许 doing sth.permit允许 sb.to sth.forbid禁止11.want/wish/promise+(sb.)+to do sth.hope+to do sth.12.h

15、oped,promised,wanted wished,expected,planed +to have done should/would like表示过去没有实现的期待、计划或愿望+2021/8/8 星期日181.My teacher was made _ his teaching2.because of poor health.A.giving up B.to give up B.C.give up D.given upC.2.The sentence wants _ once more.D.explained B.to explain E.C.being explained D.exp

16、lainingF.3.The Arctic is considered _ the northernG.part of the Atlantic.H.having been B.to have beenI.C.to be D.being2021/8/8 星期日194.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.A.to have woven B.to be wovenB.C.to be weaving D.to weaveC.5.I found the German language hard _.D.lear

17、ned B.learning E.C.to be learned D.to learnF.6.The secretary worked late into the night,G._ a long speech for the president.H.to prepare B.preparing I.C.prepared D.was preparing2021/8/8 星期日207.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it offB.C.to turn it off D.havin

18、g turned it offC.8.The missing boys were last seen _D.near the river.E.playing B.to be playing F.C.play D.to playG.9._ in thought,he almost ran into the H.car in front of him.I.Losing B.Having lostJ.C.Lost D.To lose2021/8/8 星期日2110.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the c

19、ustomers?-The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.A.to solving,making B.to solving,madeB.C.to solve,making D.to solve,madeC.11.-What do you think of the school?D.-It is a very good _.E.school to study in F.B.school for children to studyG.C.studying school H.D.school to study20

20、21/8/8 星期日2212.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.A.expected B.tried to B.C.managed to D.plannedC.13.We find it impossible for the work _D.ahead of time.E.to finish B.finishing F.C.being finished D.to be finishedG.14.-I usually go to Shanghai by train.H.-Why not _ there by boat for a I.change

21、?J.to try to go B.try going K.C.to try going D.try to go 2021/8/8 星期日2315._ a living,she had to work from morning till night.A.To make B.MadeB.C.Making D.To have madeC.16.I would rather starve to death than _D.for food.E.beg B.begging C.begged D.to begF.17.The boy pretended _ when his motherG.entere

22、d.H.reading B.to read C.to be readingI.D.being read2021/8/8 星期日24Exercise2021/8/8 星期日251.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficul

23、t.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.dont make3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects2021/8/8 星期日264.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be

24、 seen C.seeing D.see5.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.it what to do with B.what to do with it C.what to do it with D.to do what with it6.The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A.who B.when C.how D.why 2021/8/8 星

25、期日277.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning8.We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not

26、do it D.do not to2021/8/8 星期日2810.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating11.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone12.Charles Babbage is gen

27、erally considered _the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented2021/8/8 星期日2913.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking14._ late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Ha

28、ving sleep15.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.A.dont make B.not make C.not making D.not to make2021/8/8 星期日302021/8/8 星期日312021/8/8 星期日329、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/12/262022/12/26Monday,December 26,202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/2022 12:03:34 AM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2022/12/262022/12/26

29、2022/12/26Dec-2226-Dec-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/26Monday,December 26,202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。26 十二月 20222022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2615、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。十二月 222022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/1

30、2/262022/12/2626 December 202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/262022/12/269、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/12/262022/12/26Monday,December 26,202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/2022 12:03:35 AM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2

31、6Dec-2226-Dec-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/26Monday,December 26,202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。26 十二月 20222022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2615、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。十二月 222022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/202216、少年十五二

32、十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2022/12/262022/12/2626 December 202217、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/262022/12/269、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。2022/12/262022/12/26Monday,December 26,202210、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/2022 12:03:35 AM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/26Dec-2226-Dec-2212、越

33、是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/26Monday,December 26,202213、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。26 十二月 20222022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2615、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。十二月 222022/12/262022/12/262022/12/2612/26/202216、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2022/12/262022/12/2626 December 202217、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2022/12/262022/12/262022/12/262022/12/26MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet,consectetur adipiscing elit.Fusce id urna blandit,eleifend nulla ac,fringilla purus.Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus.感感 谢谢 您您 的的 下下 载载 观观 看看专家告诉2021/8/8 星期日33