初中语法连词讲解.doc

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1、1/9连词连词一、并列连词：一、并列连词：（一）连词的概念：（一）连词的概念：连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语与句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词并列连词和从属连词从属连词。（二）并列连词的分类：（二）并列连词的分类：表示意思转折的连词But,yet,however，still,while表示因果关系的连词For,so,therefore,since表选择的连词or,eitheror,neithernor，otherwise表示并列的连词And，not onlybut also,bothand,as wellas例句：Slow but sure.

2、要慢而稳。Shell be back either this week or next week.她将在这周或下周回来。I went and she went also.我去了，她也去了。（三）并列连词的用法：（三）并列连词的用法：1、并列连词 andand 和 oror：andand 和 oror 是用得最多的并列连词，可以连接：a.两个并列的动词：We were singing and dancing all evening.整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。b.名词、形容词等：This apple is big and red.Would you like fish or beef?c.两个并列

3、的分句（句子）：I said it and I meant it.我说话算数。2/9and 可连接两个分句，表示递进关系。Give him an inch and he will take a mile.他会得寸进尺。or 可连接分句，表示“否则”：Dont drive so fast or youll have an accident.别开这么快，不然你会出车祸。2、表示意思转折的连词：but,yet:but 和 yet 的用法：The weather will be sunny but cold.天气会晴朗但很冷。It is strange,yet true.这很奇怪，却是真的。howev

4、er,still 等为副词，但可起连接作用，表示意思的转折-“但是”或“然而”。a.however:His first response was to say no.Later,however,he changed his mind.他的第一反应是不行，但后来他改变了主意。b.still:Its raining;still Id like to go.天在下雨，但我还是要去。词组 all the same:She is naughty,all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.她很调皮，但对她的恶作剧我们还是要发笑。3、表示因果的连词：for 可以表

5、示“因为”，但引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，对前面情况加以解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开，这在书面语中比较多见。The days were short,for it was now December.白天很短，因为现在已经是十二月。She must have gone out early,for she had not come for breakfast.她肯定一早出去了，因为她没来吃早饭。so 表示结果，可译为“因此”、“所以”。Our cases were heavy,so we took a taxi.我们的箱子很重，因此我们坐了出租车 therefore 为副词，也表示同样的意思

6、-“因此”，可放句前：He had gone;she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。3/94、both.and 的用法A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。难点难点 5、就近原则：1）neithernorNeither Lucy nor Lily is a League member.2）not onlybut alsoNot only you but also he likes football.3）eitherorEither Jim or Pet

7、er is right.4）notbutNot Jim but Peter broke the cup.6、as well as 的用法:I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。基础练习（一）根据句意选用（一）根据句意选用 and,and,but,but,or,or,so,so,while,while,forfor 填空。填空。1.The ground is wet,_ it rained last night.2.Its a fine day today,_ everyone is

8、busy.3.This is our first lesson,_ I dont know all your names.4.Take an umbrella with you,_ youll get wet.5.Do you understand what I said _ do you want me to explain it again?6.We have classes in the morning,_ we dont have classes in the afternoon.7.She is a doctor _ I am a teacher.8.Use your head,_

9、youll find a way.9.They went to the zoo yesterday,_ they didnt see any animals.10.I must go now,_ its getting dark.11.Be careful,_ you will fall off the tree.4/912.Excuse me.Do you have a table for two?Im sorry,_ there arent any seats now.Would you mind waiting for a while?13.Never give up,_ youll m

10、ake it.14.She was very thirsty,_ she drank some water from the river.15.You must work hard,_ youll fall behind。一.选择最佳答案：选择最佳答案：()1 My aunt asks whether I like a woolen sweater _ a cotton one.A.butB.orC.andD.not()2 Either Mary _ Lucy told him to come to see us.A.orB.andC.withD.nor()3 Hurry up,_ well

11、be late for the film.A.andB.butC.soD.or()4 Be quick,_ well be late.A.andB.orC.butD.so()5 We ran to the trees,_ we couldnt see any more monkeys.A.butB.soC.andD.for()6 _ Li Ping _ Wu Fang _ League members.A.Neither;nor;areB.Either;nor;isC.Both;and;areD.Neither;or;is()7 You can _ stay at home _ go out

12、to play.A.either;orB.so;thatC.neither;andD.both;and()8 _ Wei Hua _ Ann_ very busy.A.Both;and;isB.So;and;isC.Either;or;isD.So;that;are()9 _ Monday_ Tuesday is OK,I will be free then.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.So;thatD.Both;and()10 _ my brother_ sister are doctors.A.Not;butB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Eith

13、er;or5/9二、从属连词：二、从属连词：1分类：从句种类主要从属连词时间从句when,while,as,before,after,until,till,whenever条件从句if,unless目的从句in order that,so that结果从句sothat,suchthat,so that,so原因从句because,as,since让步从句although,though,even though(if),while方式从句as if,as though地点从句where,wherever比较从句than,as 说明说明 that,whether,if 等从属连词可引导名词从句，在句

14、中担任主语、宾语等。2引导时间状语从句的连词(重点重点)：when:Dont get excited when you talk.讲话时别激动。while:We must strike while the iron is hot.我们要趁热打铁。as:He smiled as he passed.他经过时笑了笑。before:It will be five years before we meet again.要五年后咱们才能再相见。after:Ill tell them after you leave.我将在你走后告诉他们。until,till:I propose waiting till

15、the police get here.我建议等警察来了再说。since:How long is it since you came to London?你到伦敦有多久了？whenever:Whenever it is possible,they play outside.一有机会他们就到外面玩耍。3引导条件状语从句的连词(重点重点)：1）条件状语从句主要由 if,unless,supposing(suppose)引导：if:If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.unless:I wont write unless he write

16、s first.我不写信，除非他先给我写。6/92）条件状语从句还有其他形式：(难点难点)You will always have a home asas longlong asas I have anything.只要我有家产，你就永远会有一个家。I will call you as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就给你打。4引导目的状语从句的连词：（重点）（重点）in order that:I lent him 500 yuan in order that he can go for a holiday.我借给他 50 英镑，使他能去度假。so that:Ask h

17、er to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.让她快点把信打好，以便我能签字。5引导结果状语从句的连词：1）结果状语从句主要由 sothat 和 suchthat 引导：sothat:He was so fat that he couldnt get though the door.他胖得连门都过不去了。suchthat:Jim made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.吉姆吵成那样，他姐姐让他安静点。He shut the window with such f

18、orce that the glass broke.6引导原因状语从句的连词：because:Because it rained he took a taxi.由于下雨他叫了一辆出租车。as:As youre sorry,Ill forgive you.既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。Since:Since you will go there,I will go too.既然你要去，那我也去。7让步状语从句的连词：although/though:Though/Although it is not large,the room was light.房间虽然不大，采光却很好。even if:Theyll

19、 stand by you even if you dont succeed.即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。7/98引导方式状语从句的连词as:You ought to do as I tell you.你应当照我说的做。like:She cant draw like her sister can.她不能像她姐姐那样画画。as if/as though:He looked about as if looking for something.他四处看了看，仿佛在找什么似的。9引导地点状语从句的连词：（难点）（难点）where:Ill drive you where youre going.你到哪

20、儿我都可以开车送你去。wherever:Well go wherever you say.你说哪里我们就到哪里。everywhere:Everywhere he went,he was introduced as the current US champion.不管他到哪里，人们都介绍他是当前的美国冠军。no matter where:Keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are.不管在哪里你都要带着手机。10引导比较状语从句的连词：than:You sing better than I do.你的歌唱的比我好。as:Thats

21、 not so simple as it sounds.那事并不像听起来那么简单。11 引导其他从句的连词：1）引导主语从句和宾语的连词有 that 和 whether,if 可以引导宾语从句：that:She always complains that he is down on her.她老是抱怨他看不起她。whether:I dont know whether you like flowers.我不知道你喜不喜欢花。2）that 和 whether 还可以引导表语从句：that:The fact is that he doesnt really try.事实是他没有真正去努力。wheth

22、er:The point is whether we ought to recommend him.问题是我们是否应当推荐他。基础练习（一）选择所给的连词填空：（一）选择所给的连词填空：when,when,because,because,but,but,before,before,if,if,soso.that,.that,asas.as,.as,notnotuntil,until,and,and,after,after,or,or,sincesince1.Hurry up,please!_youll be late for school.8/92.She _go to bed _ her m

23、other came back.3.Yesterday Jim didnt go to see the film,_he must go over his lessons.4.The students were talking about the sports meeting _ the teacher came in.5.I was _tired _I couldnt walk any more.6.This building is _ tall _ that one.7.Tom was ill yesterday,_he still went to school as usual.8.He

24、 asked me _I would go there with him.9.We have studied here _ 1994.10.The child had studied English for two years _he went to middle school.11._the boy finished his homework,he went to bed.12.Study hard on your subjects,_youll do well in the exam.（二）选择最佳答案：（二）选择最佳答案：()1.Liu Ming told us _ his class

25、were excited by the news.A.whenB.howC.thatD.before()2.My father didnt come back _ he finished all the work.A.untilB.whileC.ifD.as soon as()3.More people came _ I had expected.A.as ifB.so thatC.sinceD.than()4.He cant decide which to choose _ theres no difference between them.A.butB.soC.becauseD.and()

26、5.Life today is easier _ it was hundreds of years ago.A.than.asC.whatD.when 中等题中等题（一）并列连词（一）并列连词1.That was a long_ dull talk.A.soB.andC.so thatD.or2._ the parents_ their children wanted to move to the country.A.Both,as well asB.Neither,norC.Either,andD.Both,also9/93.He wont live in town,_will his wi

27、fe.A.eitherB.neitherC.alsoD.too4.Charlie took the job,_ he did it very well.A.soB.yetC.andD.so that5.My grandfather is in his eighties,_he is still in good health.A.orB.butC.soD.for（二）从属连词（二）从属连词1.I asked him _dog it was.A.whoseB.whichC.whosD.where2.They go to concerts of modem music_ they really like it.A.becauseB.ifC.thoughD.after3.Find out_ they are going this evening and ask_ may join them.A.whether,thatB.where,whetherC.what,ifD.where,why4.His talk was_ dull_ we all got bored.A.as,asB.very,thatC.so.asD.so,that5.Mother asked Charlie_ lie had stayed out so late.A.howB.whyC.whenD.where