软硬件系统编程PPT (18).pdf
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1、Von Neumann Architecture Hardware composition and basic principle of microcomputer John Von Neumann Hungarian-American scientist The founder of computer architecture 2 Why John Von Neumann,a Hungarian mathematician,was the“father of electronic computer”,not John William Mauchly and J.Presper Eckert
2、who were the designers of the first computer?3 Von Neumannthe father of electronic computer Von Neumann introduced modern computer architecture The features of Von Neumann computer 1.Binary system All information(instructions and data)in computer are represented in binary 2.Five parts in computer ha
3、rdware Arithmetic unit Logic controller Memory Input and Output 3.Principle of storage 4 Architecture feature:take the arithmetic unit as the core,and all inputs and outputs are processed in ALU 5 Von Neumann Architecture 输入设备输入设备输出设备输出设备运算器运算器(ALU)控制器控制器内存储器内存储器指令/数据流控制流CPU结果结果程序程序/数据数据host system
4、program/data input device controller output device results instructions/data stream control flow memory 6 The basic principle of Von Neumann computer basic principle The calculation process is described as a program composed of several instructions in a certain sequence,which is stored in the storag
5、e Instructions will be executed in sequence The access of whole program and data and the execution of program are controlled by controller stored-program concept 7 instruction 1 instruction 2 instruction CPU operand The basic principle of Von Neumann computer program counter(PC)address the program i
6、n memory analyzing obtaining the operand executing storing the results 8 Process:Process:To obtain the first instruction To decode the instruction and to determine the next operation To read operand(the object of execution)To execute the instruction To store the executing results Back to step 1 unti
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