(课标版)云南省2018年中考英语总复习第一部分基础知识梳理课时14九上2试题.doc

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1、第一部分 基础知识梳理课时14 九2. 单项填空1. (2017苏州)Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?Either day is OK. It makes no _ to me.A. choice B. changeC. difference D. decision2. (2017东营)In Switzerland, keeping only one goldfish isnt _， because the government believes it is very bad to make such social animals live alone.A.

2、 stopped B. doubted C. refused D. allowed3. (2017云大附中二模)We all understand that learning a foreign language _ time and efforts.A. requires B. reduces C. removes D. repeats4. She was so absorbed in her job that she didnt hear _knocking at the door at all.A. somebody B. anybodyC. nobody D. everybody5.

3、In most countries, _ ones head means “Yes”， while in some countries, it has the opposite meaning.A. shaking B. noddingC. touching D. kissing6. Many factories made a lot of air pollution because they burned _.A. coal B. water C. soil D. gas7. Many Apps in the mobile phones can satisfy the need of the

4、 people who are_ for the knowledge wherever they are.A. famous B. good C. thirsty D. hungry8. Where did the girl go just now?I dont know. When I asked her, she tried to avoid _ me.A. answered B. answeringC. answer D. to answer9. More and more waste has _ a lot of space. Luckily, the public have real

5、ized the problem and taken actions to reduce it.A. taken up B. taken outC. taken in D. taken off10. Life is not always going well. It is full of happiness and _， so we need to learn to face both of them.A. pleasure B. pain C. wealth D. success11. No matter what we eat or use, it is _ by the working

6、people. So we must treasure everything.A. created B. builtC. produced D. managed12. The little girl was born _. She cant hear anything.Oh, Im sorry to hear that. A. blind B. deaf C. lovely D. lazy. 完形填空(2017重庆B卷)March 22nd is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the

7、importance of water, but also calls on(号召) us to _1_ and protect water. Today, were facing terrible water problems. Among them, wastewater problem is especially _2_. And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is “wastewater”What is wastewater? It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes,

8、_3_， hospitals and so on. It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing the machines, taking showers and using the kitchen. The rain also _4_ wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it comes from, this kind of water is sure to have _5_ harmf

9、ul in it._6_ must we treat(处理) wastewater? Wastewater has a big influence on our life. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for our environment and our own _7_How can we treat wastewater? Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewa

10、ter _8_ homes can be reused. Then there will be _9_ wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be cleaned _10_ it goes back to nature.1. A. drink B. save C. carry D. watch2. A. easy B. popular C. small D. serious3. A. factories B. lakes C. rivers D. seas4. A. gets back B. hands inC. changes into D.

11、 picks up5. A. nothing B. somethingC. nobody D. somebody6. A. What B. Who C. Why D. How7. A. work B. interest C. health D. business8. A. on B. for C. with D. from9. A. less B. more C. better D. worse10. A. and B. whether C. after D. before.阅读理解AOlympic medals are gold, silver and bronze (铜的). But th

12、e 2020 Tokyo Games want their medals to be “green”， according to CNN. Japan is going to make the Olympic 2020 medals by reused materials. Japan has one of the highest recycling rates in Asia, according to OECD data. However, this is mainly used for plastic, paper and glass. The Tokyo Games will coll

13、ect unwanted mobiles and other electronic devices (电子产品) from the Japanese public. They will recycle metal from those devices to help make 5，000 medals. Organizers hope to get eight tons of metal.The public also gets a chance to be part of the Olympic journey, said the organizers. Recycled, or “gree

14、n”， materials have been used to make Olympic medals in the past. Last years Rio Games made 30 percent of their silver and bronze medals from recycled materials.How does ewaste recycling work?Recycling or processing companies either collect or buy tons of this ewaste and used industrial products. The

15、y then use chemical processes to separate the different metals. Much of this work takes place in developing countries such as China, India and Indonesia.1. Which of the following is not the material of Olympic medals?A. silverB. bronzeC. glassD. gold2. What will Japan use to make the Olympic 2020 me

16、dals?A. gold, silver and bronze B. reused materialsC. plastic D. paper and glass3. How many medals are expected to make from electronic waste?A. 5，000 B. eight hundredC. all the medals D. 20204. When did Rio make medals from recycled materials?A. Last month. B. Last year.C. Two years ago. D. Two mon

17、ths ago.5. The companies use _ processes to separate different metals.A. physical B. biologicalC. chemical D. mathematicalB拒绝一次性浪费Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable(一次性的)toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. _1_ But if you

18、travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. _2_ Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. _3_Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much a

19、s 400kg of waste a year! Most of the waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19，000 tons of plastic bags and 1，320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! It can take between 100 and 400 years to break down plastic. So the less plastic we throw away, the better we wil

20、l live. _4_ When you are at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. _5_To protect our environment and our home, it is very necessary and important for us to save nat

21、ural resources.A. It is a waste of natural resources and is very bad for the environment.B. Many guests like the idea because they dont have to bring their own. C. Here are some ideas for you to live a comfortable life.D. They want to ask people to use fewer disposable things.E. Then you can use it

22、over and over again.F. Please remember to bring your own things and use them again and again wherever you go.G. We should use more disposable things. 书面表达提示：随着时代的发展，人们生活水平越来越好。在享受生活便利的同时，如何保护环境成为一个严峻的问题。请以“How to Protect the Environment”为题，写一篇英语短文。要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分

23、计。_ _ 答案.1.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“我们周五还是周六去？”“哪天都可以。对我来说没有_。”choice选择；change变化，改变；difference不同；decision决定。根据“Either day is OK.”可知对于“我”来说周五或者周六没什么不同。make no difference没什么影响，没什么不同。故选C。2. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在瑞士，饲养一只金鱼是不_，因为政府相信让这种群居动物独自生活是很糟糕的。stopped停止；doubted怀疑；refused拒绝；allowed允许。由空后句“因为政府相信让这种群居动物独自生活是很糟糕

24、的”可知在瑞士，饲养一只金鱼是不被允许的。故选D。3. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们全都理解学习一门外语_时间和努力。requires需要；reduces减少，降低；removes消除；脱掉；repeats重复。结合常识可知，学习语言是需要时间和努力。故选A。4. B【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意：她如此专注于工作，以至于完全没有听到_在敲门。分析语境可知此处表示有人敲门，用于否定句中，用anybody，故选B。5. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：在大多数国家，_头表示同意，然而在一些国家，它有相反的意思。shaking(ones head)摇(头)；nodding(ones

25、head)点(头)；touching 触摸；kissing亲吻。根据常识可知在大多数国家点头表示同意。故选B。6. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：许多工厂因为燃烧_而造成了很多污染。coal煤；water水；soil土壤；gas汽油。根据句意及常识可知燃烧煤会造成很大的污染选A。7. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：手机上的很多应用可以满足对知识_的人的需求。famous著名的；good好的；thirsty渴望的；hungry饥饿的。根据句意应是可以满足渴望知识的人的需求。故选C。8. B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意“那个女孩去哪里了？”“我不知道。我问她时，她尽力回避_我。”av

26、oid doing sth. 避免做某事，为固定用法，故选B。9. A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意“越来越多的废物_太多的空间。”“幸运的是，公众已经意识到这个问题并采取行动来减少它。”taken up占据；taken out取出；taken in吸收；taken off 脱掉，起飞。根据语境可知是废物占据了太多空间。故选A。10. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活不总是一帆风顺的。它充满了幸福与_，所以我们需要学会去面对它们两者。pleasure快乐；pain痛苦；wealth财富；success成功。根据前面提到“Life is not always going well.”以及“

27、happiness”可知空格处指的是“痛苦”故选B。11. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：无论是吃的还是用的，它都是被劳动人民_的。所以我们必须珍惜每件东西。created创造；built建造；produced生产；managed设法解决。根据语境并结合常识可知我们吃的用的，都是劳动人民生产的，故选C。12. B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意“这个小女孩天生_。她听不见任何东西。”“哦，很遗憾听到那个(消息)。”blind失明的；deaf失聪的；lovely可爱的；lazy懒惰的。根据“She cant hear anything”可知她是失聪的。故选B。.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文

28、。首先介绍水问题的严重性，尤其是废水问题，分析解决废水问题的重要性，然后给出了几点解决废水问题的方法。1. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不仅仅使我们思考水的重要性，而且号召我们一起_和保护水。drink 喝；save挽救，节省；carry扛，抬；watch观看。save water节约用水，符合语境和常识。故选B。2. D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在它们当中，废水问题尤其_。easy容易的；popular受欢迎的；small小的；serious严重的。根据上句中的terrible，可知水问题很严重，因此本句为废水问题尤其严重，故选D。3. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常

29、，废水来自于家庭、_、医院等等。factories工厂；lakes湖；rivers河流；seas大海。结合语境及常识可知废水的来源有工厂，故选A。4. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在暴风雨中，当雨水流入街道也会_废水。gets back回来；hands in上交；changes into变成；picks up拾起，捡起。结合语境可知雨水变为废水，故选C。5. B【解析】考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意：无论它来自哪里，这种水的确有_有害物质在里面。nothing没有什么；something某些东西；nobody没人；somebody某人。此处指某些东西，且表示肯定的意思，故选B。6. C【

30、解析】考查特殊疑问词词义辨析。句意：_我们必须处理废水？What什么；Who谁；Why为什么；How怎样。后一句说的是原因，故选C。7. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须关心我们的环境以及我们自己的_。work 工作；interest 兴趣；health健康；business商业。根据上句中的illness，可知要关注自己的健康，故选C。8. D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：_家庭的废水可以被再次利用。on在上；for为了；with和一起；from来自。结合语境可知此处意为“来自”，故选D。9. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后就会有_废水。less更少；more更多；be

31、tter更好；worse更糟糕。结合上文语境来自家庭的废水被再次利用，可知废水会变得更少。故选A。10. D【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：同时，工厂的废水在回归自然_，必须被净化。and 和；whether是否；after 在之后；before在之前。根据语境和常识可知污水必须经过净化之后才能回归自然。故选D。. A【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本将回收利用废弃的电子产品中的金属，用于制作2020年奥运会奖牌。日本也并非该举措的创始国，以前就有利用回收的材料制作奖牌的先例。1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪项不是奥运会奖牌的材料？根据第一段第一句“Olympic med

32、als are gold, silver and bronze (铜的)”可知玻璃并不是制作奖牌的材料。故本题应选C。2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：日本将用什么来制作2020 年奥运会奖牌？根据第一段最后一句“Japan is going to make the Olympic 2020 medals by reused materials.”可知应选B。3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：多少奖牌被期望通过电子垃圾制成？根据第二段第四句“They will recycle metal from those devices to help make 5，000 medals.”可

33、知答案。故选A。4. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：里约什么时候用回收的材料制作出奖牌？根据第三段最后一句“Last years Rio Games made 30 percent of their silver and bronze medals from recycled materials.”可知应选B。5. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：公司使用_程序来分离不同的金属。根据最后一段第二句“They then use chemical processes to separate the different metals.”可知应选C。B【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一次性物

34、品的危害，鼓励大家重复使用日用品，少扔垃圾，保护我们的环境。1. B【解析】根据上文的“Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable(一次性的) toothbrushes，toothpaste，shampoo and slippers.大多数中国酒店通常为客人提供一次性牙刷之类的东西，牙膏，洗发水，拖鞋。”可知此处应填“许多客人喜欢这个主意，因为他们不必带自己的。”分析语境及备选项可以推断出选B。2. D【解析】根据上文“.some hotels in Beijing will no longer pr

35、ovide guests with these .北京的一些酒店不再给客人提供一次性用品。”可知是为了减少使用一次性用品。分析语境及备选项可以推断出选D。3. A【解析】根据上文“People throw them away after only using them once.人们使用一次就把他们扔掉”，可知是对资源的浪费，对环境有害。分析语境及备选项可以推断出选A。4. C【解析】根据上文“So the less plastic we throw away, the better we will live.我们扔掉的垃圾越少，我的生活会更好”以及下文“当在家和学校，也可以做一些让我们的世界

36、变得更美好的事情。”分析语境及备选项可以推断出选C。5. E【解析】根据上文“After using a plastic bag，wash it out and let it dry. 塑料袋使用完之后，洗干净，晾干。”可知就可以反复使用。分析语境及备选项可以推断出选E。. 【审题指导】细读所给文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1. 本文介绍如何保护环境，属于说明文；2. 人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主；3. 词数不少于60。【写作指导】如何保护环境要点提示素材串联开头：引出话题随着社会发展，污染越来越严重(With the development of)正文：提出保护环境的途径1. 离开

37、房间时关灯(turn off)2. 重复利用水(recycle the waste water)3. 乘坐公共交通(instead of) 结尾：呼吁行动为保护环境做出贡献(make a great contribution to)【高分范文】How to Protect the EnvironmentWith the development of our society, energy in the world becomes more and more limited, so it is quite important for us to save energy and to protec

38、t our environment.As a student, there are a lot of methods we can do to save energy at home. For example, first, we can turn off the light as well as other appliances when we are not using them. Second, recycle the waste water, paper and other waste so that we can reuse them. Whats more, it is suggested to use public transportation more instead of private cars.Above all, everyone can make a great contribution to our environment. I hope I can learn more to develop new and clear energy, like energy from the wind and solar.