2013届高考英语一轮复习精讲精练学案系列选修8-Unit-2-Cloning.doc

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1、Unit 2 Cloning.重要单词聚焦1 vi.不同；相异2 vt. 着手；从事；承担3n. 突破4vi. 反对；不赞成5vt. 获得；赢得6 vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)7 vt. 禁止；不准differundertakebreakthroughobjectobtainattainforbid8 vt. 积累；聚积9 vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于10adv. 立刻；不久11 vi. 退休；离开12 vt.& vi. 打扰；操心13n. 假定；设想14n. 规则；规章；法规15vi.& vt. 打；撞击；罢工16adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 Accumulateow

2、eshortlyretirebotherassumptionregulationstrikevain17vt. 抵抗；对抗18 adv. 仅；只；不过19n. 装饰20 vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱21 adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的resistmerelydecorationadorereasonable.重要短语扫描1pay 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清2cast 沮丧；不愉快3in of 赞成；支持4(be) to (do). 一定或注定(做)5.into ones heart 使刻骨铭心6 time to time 不时；偶尔7bring back to 使复生；使复活8in 白费力气

3、；枉费心机offdownfavourboundstrikefromlifevain9in good/poor 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)10have a great on 对有很大影响conditionimpact.课文原句突破1Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.信息提取be a

4、ppropriate to (for) sth.适合于的；适当的。例句仿写你应当用一种适合你的文章主题的写作风格。You should write it in a style which_ _ _ _ _.【答案】is appropriate to your subject2Is it in favour of cloning or against it?信息提取in favour of赞成，支持。例句仿写我对她讲了我们的计划，她表示赞同。I have told her about our plan，and she_ _ _ _ _.【答案】is in favour of it3Dollys

5、death，like her birth，was bound to raise worries.信息提取be bound to肯定会。例句仿写看看天，今天下午一定会下雨。Look at the sky，_ _ _ _this afternoon.【答案】its bound to rain4Scientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the assumption that human clones have already been born hasnt been proved yet.信息提取a matter of

6、的问题。例句仿写你应该把这当成一回事，这是一个生死攸关的问题。You should take it seriously.Its_ _ _ _ _ _.【答案】a matter of life and deathundertake (undertook，undertaken) vt.着手；从事；承担They undertook a dangerous task.他们承担了一项危险任务。He undertook to finish the job by Friday.他答应在星期五以前完成那工作。I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.我保证你会喜

7、欢这次旅行。1Who do you think is the right person to _the task?Aundergo BundertakeCunderstand Dunderline【解析】undertake the task表示“承担任务”为固定搭配，A、C、D均不与the task 构成有意义的词组。【答案】Bforbid (forbade/forbad；forbidden) vt.禁止(1)forbid sb./sth.If you want to marry her，I wont forbid you.如果你要娶她，我不会禁止你。(2)forbid doing sth.禁

8、止做某事The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室内抽烟。(3)forbid sb.to do sth.禁止做某事Her father forbade her to go out alone.她父亲不许她单独外出。My father forbade me to watch TV，which made me unhappy.我父亲禁止我看电视，这使我不高兴。2(2007年江苏卷)Can I smoke here?Sorry.We dont allow_here.Apeople smoking Bpeople smokeCto smoke Ds

9、moking【解析】句意为：这里允许吸烟吗？抱歉，这里不允许吸烟。allow允许，这个词的用法如下：allow sb.to do sth.；allow doing sth.。如：We dont allow talking loudly in the hall.由此可知allow后有宾语时应用to do，而没有时用doing。【答案】D3He was in poor health，so the doctor_him to drink wine.Ahoped BdemandedCforbade Dprevented【解析】由于身体差，医生禁止他喝酒，用forbid。【答案】Cobject (1)v

10、i.不赞成，反对We object to being treated like this.我们抗议这种待遇。I objected that he was too young for the position.我提出反对意见他太年轻不适合这个职位。(2)n.物体，目标His object of studying English is to know more about England and the English people.他学习英语的目的是更多地了解英国和英国人民。objection n反对；不赞成have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth.对

11、表示反对raise an objection to sth.对提出异议My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。4We_to punishing a whole group for one persons fault.Acomplain BobjectCoppose Dresist【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为：我们反对因为一个人的过失而去惩罚所有的人。complain抱怨，悲叹，控诉；object反对；object to doing反对做；oppose反对，使对立，使对抗；resist抵抗

12、，反抗，忍得住。【答案】Bowe vt.(1)欠(钱、物、债等)，后面通常跟直接宾语和间接宾语，即：owe sb.sth.或owe sth.to sb.。Dont forget you still owe 150 yuan to the wine shop.别忘了，你还欠酒店150元钱呢。(2)owe.to.把归功于He owes his success to hard work and practice.他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。If I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher.如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老

13、师。(3)owe亦可解释为“应当给予”。You owe me an apology.你得向我道歉。We should do the duty which we owe to our country.我们应对国家尽我们应尽的义务。(1)owing tobecause of因为，由于，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，构成介词短语，表原因。Owing to the rain，they could not come.由于下雨，他们不能来了。(2)owe it to sb.that.I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工

14、作。5She owes her success_good luck more than _ability.Ato；and Bof；toCto；to Dto；in【解析】本题意中owe的含义是“归功于”的意思，应与介词to连用。句中more than的意思是“而不是”，用做连词连接两个介词短语，句意为“她的成功是由于幸运，而不是由于有才干”。【答案】Cbother(1)vt.打扰；vi.操心 I dont want to bother you with my problems.我不想让你因为我的问题而担心。Dont bother Mary while shes reading.玛丽读书的时候不要

15、打扰她。It bothers me that he hasnt been telling me the truth.他一直没有对我讲真话，这让我很苦恼。(2)n.烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人I hate to be a bother，but could I use your phone?给您添麻烦了，我可以用一下电话吗？6Im very sorry to have_you with so many questions on such an occasion.Aattracted BabstractedCimpressed Dbothered【解析】对不起，有这么多问题麻烦你。bother打扰，麻烦。

16、【答案】Dpay off还清(债务等)，付清，回报I paid off all the debts after years of hard work.经过几年的艰苦劳动我还清了所有的债务。All his efforts paid off at last.他所有努力最终有了回报。辨析：pay for，pay back 与pay off(1)pay for表示“付的钱”“因而受惩罚”。She paid 200 dollars for that ring.她买那个戒指花了两百美元。(2)pay back偿还；报复Can you lend me 10？Ill pay you back on Frida

17、y.你能借给我10英镑吗？我星期五就还你。He paid me back by not coming.他不来，以此来报复我。 (3)pay off意为“还清(债务)”“结算清薪水解雇”“成功”等。It took them three years to pay off their debts.他们用了3年才还清了债务。7Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.Oh，really？Im glad that her efforts at last_.Aworked out Bgot backCpaid off D

18、turned out【解析】下句意为“我很高兴她的努力最后获得回报”。pay off(指冒风险的政策、做法等)带来好结果，成功，行得通。又如：The gamble paid off.赌赢了。【答案】Cin favour of赞成，支持Are you in favour of cloning or against cloning?你赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？I spoke in favour of the plan.我发言赞同这项计划 Could you do me a favour and turn off the light?请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？Could you do me the f

19、avour to pick up Sam from school today?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？8(2006年陕西卷)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_it.Ain favour of Bin memory ofCin honour of Din search of【解析】本题考查介词短语的辨析。此处while表示转折对比，against表示反对。故选用in favour of表示“赞成”。B表示“为纪念”；C表示“为了向表示敬意”；D表示“寻找”，均不合题意。【答案】AThen came the d

20、isturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了令人烦恼的消息多莉得了重病。(1)表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语，如：here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首时，句子倒装。Look，here comes the bus.看，公共汽车来了。Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。There goes the bell.铃响了。(2)本句中的news 与that Dolly bad become ser

21、iously ill是同位语关系。常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。He had no idea when she would come back.他不知道她何时会回来。The thought that Lao Li would open a restaurant in New York surprised his wife.老李要在纽约开饭店的想法让他的妻子非常吃惊。He got a message from Mr Johnson

22、that the manager could not see him that afternoon.他从约翰逊先生那里得到消息，经理那天下午不能同他会面了。9(2010届安徽合肥168中学月考)_all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.ATo grow BGrowingCGrown DGrow【解析】考查倒装句。为保持句子平衡，或使上下文衔接更紧，可把介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，引起完全倒装。本题中把分词提到了句首。正常语序为：Wild flowers of differen

23、t kinds are growing all over the hills and around the lake.【答案】B10(2010届南京金陵中学月考)A warm thought suddenly came to me_I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.Aif BwhenCthat Dwhich【解析】that引导同位语从句，解释a warm thought的具体内容。that只起连接作用，但不能省略。【答案】C.单词拼写1Olympic basketball rules

24、_(不同) slightly from the NBA rules.Instead of four periods，lasting 12 minutes each，there are two periods，lasting 20 minutes each.【答案】differ2The 36storied building is one of the most challenging projects the construction company have ever _(承担)【答案】undertaken3My mother_(禁止) me to play computer games fo

25、r a long time because she thinks they will ruin my study and future.【答案】forbids4Would it_(麻烦) you if I ask you a few questions?Not at all.【答案】bother5Some scientists put forward a(n)_(设想) that human beings can move to another planet in case the earth is not fit to live on some day.【答案】assumption.巧思妙解

26、1One more day，_Ill get everything ready.Aor BwhileCand Dbut【解析】考查特殊句式。此句是“祈使句/名词短语and简单句”句型，相当于“If I have one more day，Ill get everything ready.”。【答案】C2Share some of yours with those in great need and you _a difference.Awill make BmakeCmade Dhave made【解析】本句是“祈使句/名词短语and简单句”句型，根据所给语境可知简单句中的动作尚未发生，因此用

27、一般将来时。【答案】A3Follow your doctors advice，_your cough will get worse.Aor BandCthen Dso【解析】“祈使句or简单句”是一个常见的基本句式，意思是“干某事，否则就会”。【答案】A4Start out right away，_youll miss the first train.Aand BbutCor Dwhile【解析】此题考查“祈使句/名词短语and/or句子”这一句型。这一句型在高考中经常考查，要特别注意祈使句省略动词的情况：(Walk) one more step，and the little boy will

28、 fall into the well.【答案】C5_and Ill get the work finished.AHave one more hour BOne more hourCGiven one more hour DIf I have one more hour 【解析】句意为：“再有一小时，我将完成工作”。此题考查“祈使句and句式”。【答案】B.情景交际1(2010届重庆一中期中测试)Can you accompany your little brother to the post office now?_，if he is ready.ABy all means BNo way

29、CMy pleasure DIn no case【解析】考查交际用语。by all means可以，当然可以。no way决不；my pleasure不客气，很荣幸，回答他人道谢时的用语；in no case决不，无论如何不。【答案】A2(2010届山西实验中学月考)You must have had a good time at the party last night，didnt you?_.Actually，it was a bit boring.AOh，great BI suppose soCNot really DThats OK【解析】考查交际用语。依据下文的“事实上，晚会有点乏味

30、”可知，C选项符合题意。【答案】C3(2010届淄博检测)Ive got the invitation to your school，Mr Johnson.Oh，good._.AHow do you like it? BHave you read it?CCan you come? DMay I help you?【解析】考查交际用语。根据“Ive got the invitation to your school” 可知，答语应该为“你来吗？”【答案】C4(2010届绵阳中学月考)Tom，Im sorry to say that I cant go to watch tonights mat

31、ch with you，for I have to prepare for the coming exam._Have some fun!ADont have too many irons in the fire.BDont be a wet blanket.CDont put the cart before the horse.DDont pull my leg.【解析】Dont be a wet blanket意思是：别这么让人扫兴。句意为：汤姆，对不起，我今天晚上不能和你一起去看比赛了，因为我要为即将到来的考试做准备。别这么令人扫兴，玩吧！A项意为“别揽太多事”；C项意为“本末倒置”；D

32、项意为“别开我玩笑了”。【答案】B5(2010届济宁检测)How do you find the new book by JK.Rowling?_.I guess she is out of her talent.AWith the help of my motherBBy accidentCVery boringDIn the library【解析】“How do you find.”表示“你认为怎么样”，因此只有very boring符合题意。【答案】C.语法专练本单元语法同位语从句1(2010届南昌二中月考)A few years ago the belief became genera

33、l_orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal.Awhich BthatCand that Dwhat【解析】that引导同位语从句，解释说明先行词the belief。这句话把同位语从句放在了谓语动词之后，是为了平衡句子，免得头重脚轻。【答案】B2(2010届江苏常州教学质量调研)There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_road conditions need_.Athat；to be improved Bwhich；to

34、be improvedCwhere；improving Dwhen；improving【解析】第一空处为that引导的同位语从句；need后面要接to be done或doing表示被动。因此A项正确。【答案】A3(2009年潍坊市高三第二次质检)There are signs_reading classics is becoming more popular with students.Awhich BthatCwhether Dwhen【解析】考查同位语从句的判断及用法。reading classics is becoming more popular with students是叙述的一

35、件事情，作signs的同位语，用以解释它的内容，故选that。【答案】B4(2009年南通市高三第一次调研测试)Nobody would stand out admitting the fact，for some reason，_they lost the game.Athat BwhichCwhat Dwhy【解析】同位语从句。they lost the game作the fact的同位语，用以解释the fact的内容，故用that引导。【答案】A5(2009年南京市高三年级质量调研)The news came，as expected，_my cousin was chosen to be a foreign aid doctor to go to Africa where people are suffering a lot from AIDS.Ait BthatCwhat Dwhich【解析】本题考查同位语。that引导的同位语从句解释news的内容。【答案】B