2022-2023学年广东省广州市天河区华南师大附中高一（上）测评英语试卷（二）（附答案详解）.docx

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1、2022.2023学年广东省广州市天河区华南师大附中高一（上）测评英语试卷（二）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AWorlds Incredible RailwaysWest Highland Railway, ScotlandRunning for about 193 kilometers.West Highland Railway Line is one of the greatest hits of thelandscapes Scotland offers.The line can be enjoyed through the comfortable Caledonian

2、 Sleeper mighttrain from London to Fort William, with the last stretch of the journey accompanied bybreakfast.Remember to keep an eye out for stags （雄鹿）as they survey their kingdom.The Ghan, AustraliaWidely regarded as one of the worlds greatest rail journeys, it runs weekly over a 2, 979-kilometer

3、routecrossing the length of Australia from Adelaide in the south to Darwin in the Northern Territory.Each triptakes more than 53 hours, including extended stops in remote towns such as Coober Pedy for passengersto experience the Outback during off-train tours.Qinghai-Tibet Railway, ChinaFor centurie

4、s, known as The Roof of the World, Tibet was visited only by the hardiest travelers andexplorers, but the opening of the remarkable Qinghai-Tibet Railway in 2006 created a permanentconnection with the Chinese rail network.The 1, 956 kilometer route from Xining to Lhasa tops out at theTanggula Pass,

5、5, 068 meters above sea level.With its opening, direct trains run to Lhasa from Beijingin 40 hours and Shanghai 47 hours.The TranzAlpine, New ZealandThe TranzAlpine takes four and a half hours to coverjust 224 kilometers.Its famous open-air carriage （客车厢）is the real highlight.This open-sided car all

6、ows passengers to experience the fresh mountain airfirst-hand and take amazing landscape photos.Passengers can also now listen to a GPS-based audiocommentary in English, enjoying stories about places along the route, the country and its culture.turn green at any second.nSmith recalled that he almost

7、 told his son to wait to give until they at least had one dollar.He almost told his son that what he had wasnt enough.He almost showed him that what he saw as a good thing wasnt good enough to make a difference in someones life.He almost taught Justus that pride was more important than helping anoth

8、er human.However, the father told himself to get over the strange thought.He remembered that was what he has been teaching Justus.And now that Justus wanted to give everything he had to offer at that moment, he shouldnt let his selfishness ruin a great memory and a good teaching moment.Smith said, L

9、eading by example is what I have been teaching him, so now let him give what he can to this man.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。So the father quickly denied （否定）that foolish idea.Then a chain reaction of kindness started.答案和解析13.【答案】B、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。由 West Highland Railway, Scotland 部分中的 Run

10、ning for about 193 kilometers （长达 193 千米）；The Ghan, Australia 部分中的 it runs weekly over a2, 979-kilometer route （它每周运行 2979 公里的路线）；Qinghai-Tibet Railway, China 部分中的 The 1,956 kilometer route from Xining to Lhasa tops out at the Tanggula Pass（从西宁到拉萨的 1956 公里的路线最远在 Tanggula Pass）和 The TranzAlpine, New

11、Zealand 部分中 The TranzAlpine takes four and a half hours to cover just 224 kilometers.（仅仅走完224公里就需要四个半小时）可知，West Highland Railway长193千米； The Ghan 长 2979 千米；Qinghai-Tibet Railway 长 1956 千米；The TranzAlpine 长 224 千米,所以 The Ghan是这四个中最长的。故选B项。（2）细节理解题。根据 Qinghai-Tibet Railway, China 中 With its opening, di

12、rect trains run to Lhasa from Beijing in 40 hours and Shanghai 47 hours.（随着它的开放。从北京到拉萨的直达列车需要40 小时，从上海到拉萨需要47小时。）可知，上海到拉萨需要47小时。故选C项。（3）细节理解题。根据 The TranzAlpine, New Zealand 中 This open-sided car allows passengers to experience the fresh mountain air first-hand and take amazing landscape photos.（尚攵篷

13、车可以让乘客亲 身体验新鲜的山间空气，并拍摄令人惊叹的风景照片。）可知你能在TranzAlpine火车上体验敞篷 车。故选D项。本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了世界上四条极棒的铁路。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。48.【答案】D、C、B、C、D【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子My son wanted a bag of sweets,so we the shop next do

14、or which sells many kinds of candy.（我的儿子想要一袋糖果，所以我们 匆匆走进隔壁卖各种糖果的商店。）可知划线词意思是“走进。A.broke into闯入；B. rushed into 冲进；C. pushed into 推入；D. walked into 走进。故选 D。（2）推理判断题。根据第一段The first thing I did was to go to one of the Chinese green grocers* shops.As soon as I entered the shop,I smelt mixtures of Chinese

15、 spices and saw the new season*s fruits.My son wanted a bag of sweets, so we the shop next door which sells many kinds of candy.（我做的第一件事是去中国的一家绿 色食品杂货店。一进商店，我就闻到了中国香料的混合物，看到了新一季的水果。我儿子想要一 袋糖果，所以我们突然走进了隔壁的商店，那里卖很多种糖果。）可知作者去了杂货店和糖果店； I艮据第三段 After we had done all our shopping, my son and I went to a re

16、staurant for lunch.（我们买 完所有的东西后，我和儿子去了一家餐馆吃午饭。）可知作者去了餐厅，所以作者可能没去服装 店。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第二段Theres a lot of noise in the Chinatown market and you will see many tourists too.There are a lot of cars and trucks that never stop beeping.While people are loading and unloading their goods, most of them have the

17、ir cars and trucks parked in the middle of the road.This causes great inconvenience for other drivers.（唐人街市场噪音很大，你也会看到很多游客。有很多汽车和卡车从不停止嘟嘟 声。当人们装卸货物时，大多数人的汽车和卡车停在路中间。这给其他司机带来了极大的不便。） 可知我们能从这篇文章中了解到唐人街的交通条件不是很好。故选Bo（4）细节理解题。根据第三段We headed down the road to catch our bus home.My son and I enjoyed riding

18、 in the bus.（我们沿着这条 路去赶回家的公共汽车。我和儿子喜欢坐公共汽车。）可知从这篇文章中，我们可以推断作者很 可能是乘公共汽车。故选C。（5）句意理解题。根据最后一段Chinatown is located in the heart of central London where you can find tons of shops and other places to amuse you.And for me, I certainly don*t mind going back there again soon.（唐人街位于伦敦市中心， 在那里你可以找到很多商店和其他地方来

19、逗乐你。对我来说，我当然不介意很快再次回到那里。） 可知And for me, I certainly dont mind going back there again soon.”这句话暗示作家不久将再次来 到唐人街。故选D。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作者对唐人街的印象。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。911 .【答案】C、D、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第四段 In Marc

20、h 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park, the worlds first. （1872年3月，立法者正式将黄石公园定为世界上第一个国家公园） 以及本段中 The gold-splattered valley and billowing Lower Falls of The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone fascinated the public. It is too grand and wonderful for words,（金碧辉煌的山谷和滚 滚而下的“黄石大峡谷”瀑布吸引

21、了公众。它太宏伟和奇妙了，无法用语言来形容）从这篇文章中 可以推断，大峡谷一定是黄石国家公园最吸引人的景点之一。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段 Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh, wild place pocked with hellish geysers （间歇泉）.After the paintefs work was finished, Yellowstone was established as a national park and marketed

22、 as a wonderland.（在托马斯莫 兰到来之前，在大众的想象中，黄石公园是一个荒凉的、布满地狱间歇泉的野生地方。在这位画 家的作品完成之后，黄石公园被建成了一个国家公园，并被宣传为一个仙境。）第三段中The survey results, Jackson photos, and Morans watercolors一the first color illustration of the area一were presented to Congress that fall. nThe photographs were proof that what the artist was sho

23、wing really existed （调查 结果、杰克逊的照片和莫兰的水彩画一一该地区的第一张彩色插图一一于那年秋天提交给了国会。 这些照片证明了艺术家所展示的东西是真实存在的）可知从第2和第3段可以得出结论，水彩画 是展示黄石公园魅力的最佳方式。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文章第二段 Before Thomas Moran arrived, Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh, wild place pocked with hellish geysers （间歇泉）（在托马斯莫兰到来之 前，在大众的想象中，黄石公园是一个

24、荒凉的、布满地狱间歇泉的野生地方。）可知A项： Yellowstone has always been a wonderland from the publics perspective （黄石公园一直是公众眼中的 仙境）和文章的表述不符。故选A。本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了黄石公园，黄石公园在艺术家托马斯莫兰（Thomas Moran）到 这个公园之前，它被视为一个地狱般的地方。之后，它被宣传为仙境。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要

25、仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】D、B、A、C【解析】(1) D.细节理解题。根据第六段中 Rose always dreamed of having acollege education and now Pm getting one!（我一直梦想着接受大学教育，现在我正在接受大学教育呀！）”可知， Rose上大学是为了实现她的梦想。故选D项。（2） B.词句猜测题。根据第七段中划线词句的上一句She loved to dress up and she enjoyed the attention from the otherstudents.（她喜欢盛装打扮，喜

26、欢受到其他学生的注意）”以及第八段中Rose 演讲中所说You have to laugh and findhumor every day.YouVe got to have a dream.（你必须每天开怀 大笑，找到幽默感。你必须有一个梦想）”可以推断，划线词句是说Rose在大学里生活很开 心。选项B”她玩得很开心”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。（3） A.推理判断题。根据第八段 Rose 的演讲中 When you lose your dreams, youdie.We have many people walking around who are dead, and they dont

27、even knowit!（你必须有一个梦想。当你失去了 梦想，你就死了。我们周围有很多走动着的死人，他们甚至不知道这一点！）”可知，有的人活着， 但他已经死了，如果没有梦想，就像行尸走肉一样，从而推知，没有目标的生活是没有意义的。 故选A项。（4）C.标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据Rose演讲中所说There isa huge difference between growing older and growing up.Anybody can grow older.That doesnt take any talent or ability, （变老和成长之 间有着巨大的差别。任何人都可以变

28、老。这不需要任何天赋或能力）和“But growingup requires finding the opportunity in change.（但成长需要在变革中寻找机遇）”可知，本文通过87岁的老人 Rose上大学的故事，阐释了，有的人变老了，却没有长大，有的人长老了，却梦想永存，雄心不 老。选项C”长大还是变老？ ”突出文章主题。故选C项。这是一篇记叙文。文章通过87岁的老人Rose上大学的故事，阐释了，有的人变老了，却没有长 大，有的人长老了，却梦想永存，雄心不老。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答

29、案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得 出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。1620.【答案】G、E、C、B、D【解析】（1） G.推理判断题。A hobby is a great way to stay busy during downtime.（业余爱好 是让你在空闲时间保持忙碌的好方法。）空处承接上文，引出下文Here are some tips which may help you stick with your hobbies.（这里有一些建议可以帮着你坚持你的爱好。）可知本文要介绍的是把 业余爱好坚持下去的方法，G 项 However,many struggl

30、e to stick with hobbies once they start them. （ 而，很多人一旦开始了爱好就很难坚持下去。）中的“However”与空前构成转折关系，stick with hobbies”与下文的stick with your hobbies”相吻合。符合上下文语境。故选G项。（2） E.联系上文题，Instead,choose an equally bookish friend.（相反，选择一个同样喜欢书的 朋友。）空处承接上文，EThe two of you could try joining a local book club together.（你们两个

31、可以试着一起加入当地的读书俱乐部。）承接上文说明选择同样喜欢读书朋友的好处。符合上下 文语境。故选E项。（3） C.ZIH节理解题。空前 Many people find its easier to stick to a hobby if there*s community support.（许多人发现，如果有社区的支持，坚持一个爱好很容易。）空处承接上文，引出下文Ifyoulike singing,for examplejoin a local choir.（如果你喜欢唱歌，比如说，你可以加入当地的一个合唱团。） C项Try joining a class or club related t

32、o your hobby.（试着加入一个和你的爱好相关的课程或俱乐 部。）中的关键词”a class or club”与下文的“a local choir”相吻合。符合上下文语境。故选C项。（4） B.段落主题题。空处位于段首，是本段的主旨句。If your hobby is something youve never done before,you* re unlikely to be good at it right away.Have some patience as it takes time to build up a skill.（如果你的爱好是你从未做过的事情，你不太可能马上就擅

33、长。培养一项技能需要时间，所 以要有耐心。）可知空后主要讲的是在培养爱好方面要有足够的耐心。B项Have some patience.（要有耐心。）符合上下文语境。故选B项。（5 ）D.推理芈断题。空前 Dont force yourself to continue a hobby you hate. You will never know whether youll take to something if you dont try it.Its okay if you give a try on a hobby and decide it1 s not for you.（不要强迫自己继续一

34、个你不喜欢的爱好。如果你不去尝试，你永远不知道你是否会喜欢。如果 你尝试了一种爱好觉得它不适合你也没有关系。）空处承接上文，引出下文If汕doing the opposite,try something else.（如果相反，那就试试别的。）D 项 A hobby is meant to help you relax and reduce your stress.（爱好是用来帮你放松和减轻压力的。）中的help you relax and reduce your stress 与下文的heopposite”意义相反，而且下文中的嗔”指代D项中的“Ahobby”。符合上下文语境。故 选D项。本文

35、是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些坚持业余爱好的方法。关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置： 标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。21 【答案】小题1 to cross【小题2 up【小题3】a【小题 4】disappointment【小题5】which【小题6】had fallen【小题7】It【小题8】was left【小题9】a

36、mazing【小题 10 Luckily【解析】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：伊娃和她的家人设法从加拿大西部到东部穿越北美大陆。 manage to do sth意为”设法做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to crosSo（2）考查固定搭配。句意：他们从温哥华出发，在那里他们搭载一辆房车，因为他们可以随时去 任何地方，很方便。根据句意，表示“搭载（汽车；飞机等）”，应用固定搭配pick up,故填up。（3）考查冠词。句意：司机是伊娃的爸爸，方向感很差，他们在路上迷了好几次路。sense”感觉” 为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，且poor的发音是以辅音音素开头，应 用a,故填ao（

37、4）考查不可数名词。句意：令伊娃失望的是，她没有看到她所希望看到的熊甚至鹰。to ones disappointment意为”令某人失望的是”，为固定搭配，故填appointment0（5）考查定语从句关系词。句意：那里的人说魁北克语、这是加拿大法语的一种。分析可知，空 处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Quebecois,指物，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which 来引导,故填which。（6）考查时态。句意：她刚睡着，这时她听到爸爸的电话铃响了。分析可知，空处为主句谓语, 由heard并结合语境可知，“睡着”这一动作发生在“听至之前，即过去的过去”，故应用过去完成 时,故填 had f

38、allen。（7）考查强调句。句意：这时她才意识到她妈妈不在车里！分析可知，此处是强调句型，即itis/was+ 被强调内容+that/who+句子其他部分，故此处应用it,所填词位于句首，首字母应大写，故填It。（8）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：所以她被落下了。分析可知，空处为谓语，结合语境可 知，句子是描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语she和leave behind之间是被动关系，故应 用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填was left。（9）考查形容词。句意：她妈妈正在用爸爸的手机给沿海五颜六色的小房子拍照，这时他们看到 了一个令人惊奇

39、的东西一头虎鲸！分析可知，此处应用形容词修饰不定代词something,作后置 定语，amazing意为”令人惊讶的”，修饰物，符合题意,故填amazing。（10）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，来自魁北克的另一家人也在船上，他们拍到了一些很棒的鲸 鱼照片。分析可知，此处应用副词luckily”幸运的是”作状语，修饰整个句子，所填词位于句首， 首字母应大写，故填Luckilyo这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伊娃和她的家人从加拿大西部到东部穿越北美大陆旅行的故事。 语法填空考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。知识覆盖面比较广，考查学生在 一定语境中综合运用语言知识的能力。22 . L 答

40、案【小题 1 Last week an activity called Campus Sports Week* was held in our school.All the students took an active part in it.（所有同学积极参加校园运动周）Not only did we do body building exercises but also we did shuttle cock kicking and rope skipping.高分句型一（健身跳绳）Whats more, the process of our sports week was filmed

41、by our classmate.（拍摄）In the end, the video which was about our happiness and effort was uploaded to Douyin, a video sharing platform.【高分句型二】 （视频被 发布到抖音）I hope it would get as many likes as possible.（希望）【小题2】略【小题3】略【小题4】略解析】高分句型一：Not only did we do body building exercises but also we did shuttle cock

42、 kicking and rope skipping.翻译：我们不仅做了健身操，还做了踢毯子和跳绳。分析：本句使用了 not only位于句首的部分倒装。高分句型二：In the end, the video which was about our happiness and effort was uploaded to Douyin, a video sharing platform.翻译：最后，这段关于我们幸福和努力的视频被上传到视频分享平台抖音。分析：本句使用了 which引导的定语从句写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用 自己熟悉的单词句

43、式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要 求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。23 .【答案】So the father quickly denied （否定）that foolish idea.He drove the car closer to the man and then rolled down the window.He told the man he didnt have any cash, but his son back there wanted to give him everything he had.After hearing what Smith

44、 said, the smile on that mans face lit up the street.高分句型一】The man said to Justus, Thank you so much! Justus smiled back.The only thing that matched the brightmess of the mans smile was the bigger smile on the boys face! （父亲带着儿子去帮 助无家可归者）Then a chain reaction of kindness started.Behind them, other p

45、eople, who witnessed the warm scene, rolled down their windows to donate, too.【高分句型二】The little boy, Justus, without even realizing it, reminded his father and other adults of kindness by his action. Actually, kindness is always about the heart.lt doesnt matter how much you have or how little.Giving

46、 love and kindness will often help others.The help is always more than we think.（其他在场的人也主动提供帮助）【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了父子俩在回家路上看到一个无家可归的人，父亲想给钱， 但身上现金很少，儿子也想帮助这个人。父亲在经过激励的思想斗争后，决定带着儿子一起去帮 这个无家可归者。高分句型一： After hearing what Smith said, the smile on that mans face lit up the street.译文：听了史密斯的话，那个人脸上的笑容照亮了街道。分

47、析：这句话使用了 what引导的宾语从句。高分句型二： Behind them, other people, who witnessed the warm scene, rolled down their windows to donate, too.译文：在他们身后，其他见证了这一温暖场景的人也摇下窗户捐款。分析：这句话使用了 who引导的非限制性定语从句。解题方法点拨（1）品读原文。确定文章线索每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间 为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生”顺藤摸瓜（结尾）%（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此

48、类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关 键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到“心中有数二(3)回扣原文，揣摩续写思路根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。(4)拟写草稿，修改错词病句在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写 时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连 田 贝。1. Which of the following railways is the longest? A. West Highland Railway.B. The Ghan.C. Qinghai-Tibet Railway.D. The TranzAlpine.2. How many hours does a direct train take from Shanghai to Lhasa? A. 4.5.B. 40.C. 47.D. 53.3. What can you do on a TranzAlpine train? A. Enjoy a comfortable nights sleep.B. Read books abo