2023年中考英语总复习初中英语语法知识十三大专题复习讲义及习题.docx

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1、2023年中考英语总复习初中英语语法知识十三 大专题复习讲义及习题（精编版）目录专题一名词2专题二数词、冠词12专题三介词、连词23专题四代词35专题五 形容词、副词53专题六动词的分类68专题七 情态动词、系动词80专题八动词时态92专题九被动语态104专题十非谓语动词115专题十一简单句、并列句132专题十二祈使句、感叹句145专题一三宾语从句155专题一四定语从句错误!未定义书签。A Lee and my uncleB the Lees and my unclesC theLees1 and my uncle33. We are.They are.A Chinese.GermenB Ch

2、inese.GermanC Chinese.Germans34. There a pencil and two books on the desk.A. hasB. is C.areA number of students for the school bus now.A. is waiting B. are waiting C. waitsThe number of students in the class large.A. are B. has C.isA is used for keeping warm.A. stamp B. scarf C. keyThere is no in th

3、e bus so we have to wait for anotherbus.A. room B. a room C. roomsThis is a photo of when they were young.OK, how happy they both looked!A. my father and mother B. my mother and fathersC. my mothers and fathers35. The new student is in, Grade Two.A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class ThreeWhat woul

4、d you like to drink, girls?25Where will they go next Sunday? They to theGreat Wall.A. will go B. go C. has gone26Has he returned the library book yet? Not yet. Dont worry. He it soon.A. returns B. has returned C. will returnhear that he will be back two weeks time.A. after B. in C, for28.He doesnt t

5、ell me when he Ill call you up as soon as he A. will come, arrives B. comes, arrives C. will come, will arrive29.If it tomorrow, we travel outside.A. will rain; will B. rains; wont C. will rain; wont30Jim, can you help me to wash the dishes? Sorry, Dad.I to the shop.A, go B. have been C. am going31

6、the latest Time magazine yet?Sorry, its late. Maybe tomorrow.A. Will; arrive B. Has; arrived C. Do; arrive32.Susan isnt here now. She to England. She will come backnext month.A. goes B. has gone C. went33How long Korean girl China?For four years. Now she can speak Chinese.A. has; been to B. has; bee

7、n in C. was; in34Would you like to see the film with me? Im sorry I ittwice.A. sawB. had seeC. have seen35. She that same song so many times. Im getting sick of it!A. singsB. sangC. has sung36 you your dictionary?No, so I have to buy a new one today.A. Did; find B, Have; found C. Had; found7.1 to Ca

8、pe Town, so I know nothing about it.A. dont travel B. havent traveled C. hadnt traveled you the film Harry Potter 7? Not yet. HI see it thisSunday.A. Did; see B.Have; seen C. Do; seewont forget my teacher because she so kind to me sinceI came to this school. A. has been B. is C. hasn the past few ye

9、ars there great changes in myhometown.A. have been B. wereC. are41Its raining! When did it start?I dont know exactly. In fact, it all this afternoon.A. lasts B. has lasted C. lasted42Kitty, will you go to see the film Cold Mountain this evening?No, I wont I it already .A . saw B . have seen C . see4

10、31 didnt see you when I came here last night Where were you?I my project at home.A. designed B. have designed C. was designing44.My mother dinner when I came back.A. cooks B.is cooking C. was cooking45 I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.Oh Im sorry. I dinner at my friends home.A

11、. had B. was having C. have had46What did the teacher say just now?Sorry. I didnt catch it. I something else.A. thinkB. am thinkingC. was thinking471 knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.I suppose you too fast.A. drove B. are driving C. were driving.When I went to say

12、 goodbye to Anna, she the piano.A. is playing B. played C. was playing.His parents wanted to know what he at that time.A. is doing B. was doing C. has done.Mary the piano well. She is often asked to play at theconcert.A. played B. playsC. playing参考答案1-5ACCAA 6-10CBCCB 11-15ABACC 16-20CBCAA 21-25BABC

13、A26-30CBABC 31-35BBBCC 36-40BBBAA 41-45ABCCB 46-50CCCBB专题九被动语态动词语态分为两大类：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态：主语是动 作的执行者。 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。动作的执行者由by连 接的短语表示，常译为被、由。对于英语的被动语态，我们可以以下五个方面来掌握。一、主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动 词动作的承受者或对象。如：Computers are widely used in our workand daily life.电脑在我们的工作和日常生活中广泛应用。(computers就是use的对象或承受者

14、)二、表示被动语态的形式(1)基本形式：主语+ be + vt.的过去分词 + (by + sb.) This song is often sung by children at school.这首歌经常 在学校被孩子们唱。常见被动语态的时态：一般现在时：am/is/are+ vt.的过去分词；一般过去时：was / were + vt.的过去分词；一般将来时:will / shall / be going to + be + vt.的过去分词;现在完成时：have / has + been + vt.的过去分词;过去完成时：had + been + vt.的过去分词；现在进行时：am/is/

15、are + being + vt.的过去分词；过去进行时：was / were + being + vt.的过去分词过去将来时：would + be + vt.的过去分词注意：被动语态不用于将来进行时及完成进行时。2)其 他形 式： (选 学)主语+ be + vt.的过去分词+ (by +. sb.)+宾语/介词+宾语A.主语+ be + vt.的过去分词+ (by + sb.)+宾语/to +宾语I was shown his gold medal there.在那里他给我看了他的金牌。His goldmedal was shown to me.他的金牌给我看了。能用于这一句型的常见动词有

16、 bring , give , hand , lend , offer, pass , post, send , show , teach , tell , throw , write 等。B.主语+ be + vt.的过去分词+ (by + sb.)+宾语/for +宾语I was bought a new dictionary (by my father).我父亲给我买了一本新字典。A new dictionary was bought for me (by my father),我父亲给我买了一本 新字典。能用于这一句型的常见动词有buy , call , cook , do , get

17、, make , save 等。主语+ be + vt.的过去分词+ (by + sb.)+主语的补足语Jim was made chairman at the meeting. Jim 在会上被推选为主席。Li Lei wasseen to break the glass this morning.李雷今天上午被人看到打碎了那块 玻璃。能用于这一句型的常见动词有feel , hear, make , observe , see ,watch等。特别注意的是，在主动语态中，不定式做宾语的补足语，不定 式前面的小品词to必须省略，而在被动语态中，不定式做主语的补足语， 不定式的小品词to必须补上

18、。主语 + 情态动词(can/could/may/might/must/should/ought to ) + be + 动词的过去分词 + (by + sb.) Water can be turned into ice.水能转变 成冰。 Your essay should be rewritten again.你的论文应该还重新修改 一遍。主语+be +短语动词的过去分词+ (by + sb.) His words should be paid much attention to.应该多注意他的话。The children in China aretaken good care of now

19、.现在中国的孩子被照料得很好。注意：动词后面的介词或副词不能省略。形式主语(It) +be + vt.的过去分词+主语从句 It is reported that our team has won the game again.据报道，我们队又赢了比赛。能用于这一句型的常见动词有 believe , expect, know , report, say , suppose , think等。这一句型也可变为： 主语+ be + vt.的过去分词+不定式短 语 The Mars is believed to have no life on it.火星被确认无生命迹象。 Our team is r

20、eported to have won the game again.据才员道,我们队又赢 了比赛。三、被动语态的用法被动语态往往表示一种客观的事实，有时语气比较生硬，没有商量的余地, 从而令人难以接受，因此，切不可随便使用。在能用主动语态表示时，尽 量使用主动语态，只有在下面的情况中才使用被动语态。说不出动作的执行者或没有必要说出动作的执行者；如：The classroom had been cleaned when I got there.当我到达教室的时候，教室已经被人打扫过了。（教室究竟是谁打扫的，说话者并不知道）为了突出或强调动作的承受者或对象；如：Homework must be

21、finished before school is over.作业必须在放学之前做完。（强调Homework）为了修辞的需要，使句子间的联系更紧密。如：I have a new motorbike. It was given to me by my father yesterday as my birthday present,我有一台新摩托车。它是昨天我父亲买给我作为生日礼物的。(显然，止指代the new bike就与上文的a new motorbike紧密相连)四、不能使用被动语态的情况(1)不及物动词没有被动形式。特别要注意汉语中带名词或代词做宾语 的动词，如 belong , die

22、 , happen , occur, take place 等不及物动词。如：A terrible traffic accident happened on the road yesterday.(昨天在公 路上发生了一起可怕的交通事故。)就不能改写为：A terrible traffic accident is happened on the road yesterday.(2)一些静态的及物动词也不能用于被动语态。如agree with , fit, have , hold , own , suit 等。如：I dont agree with Jack.(我不同意 Jack 的观点。)就不

23、能改写为:Jack isn t agreed with.五、主动形式表被动意义如：The pen writes well.这支笔很好写。Thefood tastes good,这些食物尝起来味道很好。His house is comfortable to live in.他的房子住起来很舒服。实战演练(2x50)计分：1 .a new library in our school last year?A. Did ; build B. Was ; builtC. Is; built.An accident on this road last week.A. was happenedB. has

24、happenedC.happened. - This kind of rice tastes nice. Do you know where it is grown?-Yes, it in Southeast China.A. was grew B. is grownC. is growing4.So far, the moon by man already.A. is visited B. has been visitedC. was visited5.A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week.A. is givenB. h

25、as been givenC. will be given6 .A lot of things by people to save the little girl now.7 .A lot of things by people to save the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being done8 .The doctor for yet.A. isnt sentB. wasnt sentC. will be doneC. hasnt been sent9 . -When this kind of computer?-Last year.A. w

26、as; made B. did; make9 .Who this book?A. did; write B. was; written by10 .Mary show me her new dictionary.A. has asked to B. was asked toC .are; madeC. is; writtenC. is askedll.A story by Granny yesterday., please.A.Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffee C. Two coffee42 During Christmas, people get

27、 together and sing Christmas songs forA. fun B. wishes C. interestThey are those bags. Please put them on the bus.A. visitor B. visitors C. visitors1How many students are there in your school?There are two.A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundreds ofWhat do you think of the the Moonlight Sonata byBeethoven

28、?- It sounds really wonderful.A. subject B. music C. bookThere is not enough in the corner for the TV.A. place B. room C. fieldIf you dont take more, youll get fat.A. medicine B. lessons C. exerciseMy school is about twenty walk from here.A. minute B. minutes1 C. minutesMum, I have to tell you!A. a

29、good news B. some good news C. many good newsMaths not easy to learn.A. was told to us B. was told usC. is told us12.The monkey was seen off the tree,A. jumpedB. jumpsC. to jump13.0lder people well.A. must be looked after B. looks afterC. must look after14.0ur teacher carefully.A. should be listened

30、 B. should be listened to C. are listenedIn some part of the world, tea with milk and sugar.A. is served B. servesC. served Did you win the basketball game?- Bad luck. Our team in the final one.A. wonB. was wonC. was beatenDo you think that the bridge in a year?A. would be completed B. will be compl

31、eted C. is completedGreat changes in China since 1949.A have taken place B. have been taken place C. took place 19. -Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?-She has by her classmates.A. laughed B. been laughedC. been laughed atDoctors in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededThis pai

32、nting to a museum in New York in 1977.A. sellsB. soldC. was soldThe television. It doesnt work now.A. must repairB. must be repaired C. has repaired- Do you think that the classroom every day?-Yes, I think so.A. should clean B. should be cleaning C. should be cleanedbelieve that those mountains with

33、 trees in a few yearstime.A. are coveredB. will be covered C. will coverIt is said that about 400 cars in the factory next month.A. will produce B. are producedC. will be produced1 wasnt at home yesterday. I to help with the harvest onthe farm.A. was askedB.was askingC. asked-Are you free this after

34、noon?-No. Ill have an English composition this afternoon.A. to writeB. wroteC. to be written- Where are the boys?-Oh, they basketball on the playground just now.A. were seen play B. were seen to play C. had seen play 29. - Can you sing this English song?- Of course I can. It often by children.A. is;

35、 sangB.was ; sangC.is ; sung-What did Miss Zhang say to you just now?-She said that all the books should to the library on time.A. are returned B. returnC. be returnedWhen and where to build the new factory yet.A. is not decided B. have not been decided C. has not been decidedPaul doesnt have to be

36、made. He always works hard.A. learnB_ to learnC. learnedA football match in our school next Monday.A. w川 holdB. w川 be heldC. is going to hold-Whats happened to Joe?-to a hospital.A. Hes takenB. Hes been taken C. Hell betaken35. - Did you go to the party yesterday?No, IA. wasnt invitedA. wasnt invite

37、dB. was invitedC. didnt invite36. Today the forests have almost gone. People must down toomany trees.A. stop from cutting B. stop to cutC. be stopped fromcutting37. .He was seen something from the shop.A. stealB. to stealC. to be stolenOne of the club activties by Mr Smith.A. is holdingB. are heldC.

38、 is heldThis kind of medicine in a dry and cool place.A. must keepB. keptC. must be kept38. The dog an hour ago.C.has been deadA.diedB.has diedMary, you on the phone.-Thank you, Mom.A. are wantedB. will be wanted C. have wantedThis book well in the shop.A. sellsB. is sellingC. is soldThe windows aft

39、er school is over.A.usually closed B.are usually closed C.are usually closingThey sat at the table until all the food.A.was eatingB.was eatenC.were eaten.1 dont know the restaurant, but it to be quite a goodone.A.is saidB.is toldC.is spokenThe old man was quite weak after the accident, so he.A. must

40、 be taken care B. must take care of C. must be looked afterI feel very happy that I to be the host.-Congratulations.A. chooseB. am chsoenC. was chosen.Trees and grass every year to protect our environment.A.is plantedB.are plantedC.have planted.English in Canada, Australia and New Zealand as well as

41、America.A.speaksB.is speakingC.is spoken. -Look at the sign on the wall.-Oh, parking here.A. doesnt allowB.isnt allowedC. wasnt allowed参考答案1-5BCBBC 6-10BCABB 11-15ACABA 16-20CBACC 21-25CBCBC26-30AABCC 31-35CBBBA 36-40CBCCA 41-45AABBA 46-50CCBCB专题十非谓语动词一.动词不定式构成：动词不定式基本形式为tO+动词原形。有些动词不定式不带t0o否定形式为：no

42、t (to)+动词原形。2.功能及用法:(1)、用作主语多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：For him, to talk with his mother is necessary.=It is necessary for him to talk with his mother.(2)、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。常可转换成主语。如：The best way to improve your English is to join a

43、n English club.=To join an English club is the best way to improve your English.(3)、用作宾语可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可拒绝假 装知道(prefer, refuse, pretend, know) z 希望想要愿意(wish, want/need, would like / love)等。如:We decided to talk to some students,He

44、 prefers to eat white bread and rice.动词 decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell后可用疑问词+to 的 不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to0如：Could you please tell me where to park my car?动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正 的宾语一动词不定式，句子结构是sb. feel / find / make / .+ it+adj. / n.+to do,如:I find it difficult to remembe

45、r everything.既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词 有 begin, start, like, love 等。如：Then I started to watch English-language TV.I like to eat vegetables.后接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接ving形式作宾 语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事；stop doing停止做、 不做当前这件事。try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；

46、go on to do接着做 另外的事，go on doing继续做原来的事。如：When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.I stopped using them last year.(4)、用作定语句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语，不定式与其所修饰的 名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时，用动词不定式的主动式。如：I have so much homework to do today.Its a good place to visit.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系, 要在不定式后加适当的介词

47、。如：I need a room to live in.(5)、用作补语在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有：要 求允许提议(ask, allow, advise),期望邀请鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage),教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want),等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)0 如：She asked me not to speak Chinese in English class.下列动词，多数动词是感官动词和使役动词，当动词不定式作补语时，在主动语态句里不带to ,被动语态句里要将省略的to补上。包括四 看:look at, observe, see, watch ,三让：have, let, make ,二听:hear, listen to ,一感觉 :feel z 注意 :noticeG 如：This picture makes me feel tense ! I was made to say sorry to hi