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1、西安外国语大学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 On Translators Usbjectivity from the Perspective of Hermeneutics A Case Study of Howard Goldblatts English Version of Tales of Hulan River 专业名称： _ 作者姓名： 拜一丹 指导教师： 吕免丽 ON TRANSLATORS? SUBJECTIVITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HERMENEUTICS -A CASE STUDY OF HOWARD GOLDBLATTS ENGLISH VERS

2、ION OF TALES OF HU LAN RIVER by Bai Yi-dan A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School of Xian International Studies University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics Xian, China 2016 This thesis， by Bai Yi-dan (拜 丹 )，

3、 with Professor Lv Yira-li (吕允 B) as the academic advisor, is accepted in the present form by the Graduate School of Xi5an International Studies University as satisfying the thesis requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the academic field of literature. Chair of the Defense Committee y)L L

4、i Date ORIGINALITY RESEARCH STATEMENT In light of the universitys academic morals and ethics, I hereby declare that this thesis represents the original research effort that I have made on the advice of my academic supervisor. To the best of my knowledge, no portion of this thesis has been copyrighte

5、d previously unless properly referenced, and whoever has contributed to this study is explicitly identified and appreciated in the Acknowledgments section of this thesis. If there is a breach of the copyright law, I indemnify Xi5an International Studies University and hold it harmless for any legal

6、actions that might arise. 独创性声明 秉承学校严谨的学风与优良的科学道德，我声明所呈交的论文是 我本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作所取得的成果。尽我所知，除了 文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或 撰写的研究成果，不包含本人或他人已申请学位或其他用途使用过的 成果。他人对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并 表示了致谢。 申请学位论文与资料若有不实之处，本人承担一切相关责任。 曰期：年 6 月 7 曰 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY STATEMENT I hereby declare that I fully under

7、stand tiie rules and regulations of Xian International Studies University on intellectual property rights, stipulating that the intellectual property of the graduate students MA degree thesis shall reside exclusively with the university. I pledge that Xi!an International Studies University will be r

8、epresented as ever if this thesis is entirely or partially published in the forthcoming five years as of the date of my graduation. The university is granted the right to keep the photocopy and disk file of this thesis for reference and borrowing, publish the thesis wholly or partially and store it

9、in any form by any means, including photocopying or photomechanical printing in original or reduced format. Date 知识产权声明 本人完全了解西安外国语大学有关知识产权的规定，即：研究生 在校攻读硕士学位期间论文工作的知识产权单位属西安外国语大学。 本人保证毕业离校后 5 年以内（自办理离校手续之日起），发表论文 或使用论文工作成果时署名单位仍然为西安外国语大学。学校有权保 留送交论文的复印件和磁盘文件，允许论文被查阅和借阅；学校可以 公布论文的全部或部分内容，可以采用影印、缩印或其他

10、复制手段保 存论文。 作者签名 : ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Lv Yun-li, my advisor, not only for his invaluable instructions in the past three years and insightful comments on m y thesis, but for the great help and encouragement he generously offers in the process

11、of the preparation for the paper. Next, I am grateful to m y roommates. Without their active participation and whole-hearted invol vement in the re search program, I could not have finished m y research and presented the findings. What is more, I also want to present my th ankfulness to my friend, Y

12、ang Le. She offers me som e research materials and sincerely shares th e research experience with me. Last but not the least, I could not have finished the whole paper without the encouragement and support of my parents. They provide me with comfortable life, allowing me to concentrate on my study.

13、Besides, whenever I feel down, they try their be st to enlighten me wit h their rich social experience. It is their love that supports me to enjoy trouble-free study in the past three years. ABSTRACT In the traditional translation appr oach, the translator was usually placed in a negligible position

14、 and the issue of their subjectivity was rarely raised or commented upon. Sin ce the “Cultural T urn” in the W est in the 1970s, the subjective role the tran slator assumes in translation has been increasingly accentuated, and the translators subjectivity been accordingly recognized and researched o

15、n. Consequently , translators subjectivity has grown to be a m ost popular topic in t he field of translation studies, with a great number of scholars attempting to interpret it from various perspectives. Hermeneutics, as a science of th e understanding and interpreting of meanings, and with its cor

16、e lying in human s understanding and interpreting activities of texts, establis hes itself as one of the m ost solid theoretical bases for translator ?s subjectivity. As the translating activity always begins with a full understanding of the original text, hermeneutics helps to confirm translators5

17、active interpretation of the original text. Whafs more, George Steiner combined hermeneutics and translation by describing the hermeneutics of transl ation as ccthe act of elicitation and appropriative transfer of meaning， a nd put forward his fam ous fourfold hermeneutic motion, including “initiati

18、ve trust”， “aggression” ， “incorporation” and “compensation”， which provides a new perspective for translation studies. Translation is the only m edia through which Chinese literature can be recast in other la nguages and conveyed to pe ople of other countri es. Howard Goldblatt, an American sinolog

19、ist, dubbed by many as the “midwife” of Mo Yan, the only Chinese Noble prize winner in literature, has translated and published a great number of prominent Chinese literary works, with those of Mo Y ans and Xiao Hongs featuring most heavily among them. In virtue of Howard Gol dblatfs translation, ma

20、ny of their works have reaped prestigious international awards. With Howard English translated version of Tales of Hulan River as a case study, this thesis seeks to explore the representations of translators subjectivity using Steiner fourfold hermeneutic motion theory. Through the study, the thesis

21、 ai ms at obtai ning a scientific cognition of how translators subjectivity exerts in fluence on each m ove ofS teiners Hermeneutics, thereby af firming the significance of translators subjectivity in the course of tran slation and its c ontribution to the augment of the original works literary valu

22、es and enrich ment of reception culture and literary system. Key words: translators subjectivity; Hermeneutics； Howard Goldblatt； Tales of Hulan River 摘要 自从二十世纪七十年代西方出现 “文化转向 ”以来，译学界逐渐 意识到在翻译这个人的思考和创作占主导地位的艺术活动中，译者是 最不可或缺的主体。至此，传统的译者角色发生了巨大改变，译者不 再是屈居 “二线 ”做原作或原作者的 “仆人 ” ，译者的身份得以重新 定位，完成了其从 “隐身 ”到 “

23、显身 ”并得以重视的完美转型。其实， 译者的主体作用无不彰显在整个翻译活动中，大到对翻译文本、翻译 方法的选择、小到对原文本中某个具体字、词的处理。此外，翻译不 是机械地 “照搬 ”，而需译者发挥其主体作用，创造性地 “再现 ” 原 作，使之在译语文化 中得以传播，使其艺术价值及美学价值得以保留 甚至提升。鉴于此，译学界众多学者纷纷将目光转向 “译者主体性 ” ， 并从不同视角对其展开研究。 阐释学是对意义的理解与解释的理论。乔治 斯坦纳将其与翻译 完美结合，提出 “翻译即理解 ”的重要观点，并在阐释学的理论基础 上提出了自己的翻译阐释学模式论，即 “信任 ”、 “侵入 ” 、 “ 吸 收 ”

24、、 “补偿 ”的四步骤，从而肯定了译者在翻译活动中发挥其主体 性的重要意义。 呼兰河传是由素有 “文学洛神 ” 的中国近代女作家萧红所著 的自传体小说。该小说以其书中独特的风土人情及其独具魅力的艺术 特色吸引了众多读者。美国著名汉学家、中国文学翻译家葛浩文英译 的呼兰河传一经出版便受到中外译学界的一致好评，并于 2001 年 6 月 3 日获得萧红研究奖。 本文创新性地以乔治 斯坦纳的阐释学作为理论指导，并运用案 例分析的研究方法，以葛浩文英译的呼兰河传为研究对象，尝试 将译者主体性渗透到乔治 斯坦纳翻译阐释学模式 一 “信任 ” 、 “ 侵 入 ”、 “吸收 ”、“补偿 ”的四个具体翻译步骤

25、中，然后将理论与文 本中的实际案例分析相结合、逐步推进，以期获得译者如何在具体翻 译活动中发挥其主体性的，从而充分肯定译者主体性在翻译，尤其是 文学翻译中发挥的不可估量的积极作用。 关键词：译者主体性；阐释学；葛浩文；呼兰河传 CONTENT CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Research Background and Significance . 1 1.2 Research Objectives . 3 1.3 Research Methods . 4 1.4 Thesis Structures . 4 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIE

26、W . 6 2.1 Studies on Concepts of Translators Subjectivity. 6 2.1.1 Subject and Subjectivity in Translating Activity . 6 2.1.2 Definitions of Translators Subjectivity . 9 2.1.3 Traditional Roles of the Translator . 9 2.2 An Overview of Studies on Translators Subjectivity . 11 2.3 Researches on Howard

27、 Goldblatt and His Literary Translation . 13 CHAPTER III AN OVERVIEW OF HERMENEUTICS . 15 3.1 Hermeneutics in General . 15 3.1.1 . The Origin and Development of Hermeneutics . 15 3.1.2 Hermeneutics9 Enlightenment to Translation . 20 3.2 George Steiners Hermeneutic Approach to Translators Subjectivit

28、y . 22 3.2.1 George Steiners Fourfold Hermeneutic Translation Motion theory . 22 3.2.1.1 Initiative Trust . 22 3.2.1.2 Aggression . 23 3.2.1.3 Incorporation . 24 3.2.1.4 Compensation . 25 3.2.2 Embodiment of Translators Subjectivity in Steiners Hermeneutic Motion Theory . 26 Chapter IV MANIFESTATION

29、 OF TRANSLATORS SUBJECTIVITY IN HOWARD GOLDBLATT TRANSLATED VERSION OF TALES OF HU LAN RIVER . 30 4.1 An Introduction of Tales ofHulan River . 30 4.1.1 An Introduction of Original Author . 30 4.1.2 The Literary Values of Tales ofHulan River. . 33 4.1.3 An Introduction of Howard Goldblatfs Translated

30、 Version of Tales ofHulan River . 34 4.2 Howard Goldblatfs Subjectivity Displayed in His Translated Version of Tales of Hulan River . 35 4.2.1 Translators Initiative Trust . 35 4.2.1.1 Cultural Position and Value of the Original Text . 36 4.2.1.2 Translators Linguistic and Cultural Competence . 37 4

31、.2.2 Translators Aggression . 38 4.2.2.1 Aggression upon the Linguistic Level of the Original Text . 39 4.2.2.2 Aggression upon the Cultural Level of the Original Text . 44 4.2.3 Translators Incorporation . 50 4.2.3.1 Incorporation of Meaning . 50 4.2.3.2 Incorporation of Form . 54 4.2.4 Translators

32、 Compensation . 56 4.2.4.1 Direct Compensation . 57 4.2.4.2 Indirect Compensation . 59 Chapter V CONCLUSION. 63 5.1 Summary of the Thesis . 63 5.2 Major Findings and Enlightenment . 63 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Researches . 66 REFERENCES . 67 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research Bac

33、kground and Significance The term “translation” itself has s everal meanings: it can ref er to the general subject field, the product or the pro cess. Jeremy Munday (2001, p.5) defines translation as uthe proce ss of translation betw een two different written languages involves the translator changi

34、 ng an original written text in the original verbal language into a written text in a different verbal language”. From this a conclusio n can be drawn that translation is a quite complex bilingual activity in which m any elements such as the original tex t, original language (original culture), tran

35、slator and target language (targeted cultu re) are invo lved. Actually, in the real process of translation, in order to produce an acceptable and readable translated work, there are far more factors, such as the original author and target readers, which should be taken into more consideration than t

36、hose m entioned above. Since translation is an activity, there is no doubt that the translator is the only doer of this translating action while the original text or the original author is the thing or the person acted upon by the doer. In other words, the translator is the subject of the translatin

37、g activity while the original text or the original author is the object of the translating activity, and in this regard, the translator plays a leading, decisive a nd indispensable role in the translating activity. However, this is not the case for the traditional translation study which enjoyed qui

38、te a Ion g history. The traditio nal translation theory a lways maintains that the original text and original author should be in an authoritative place while the translator is as subordinate as a serv ant who has no personal intention and should obey the original text or the original aut hor absolutely and un