完形填空解题技巧PPT.ppt

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1、 完形填空技巧训练 完形填空命题特点：完形填空命题特点：1.短文长度短文长度300词左右词左右，记叙文、说明文和议论文记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。在；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。2.首句无空格首句无空格，提供语境。，提供语境。5-10词设一空，人名、词设一空，人名、地名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。日期、数字不在之列。3.选项多为选项多为一词一词，偶会为，偶会为词组词组。四选项为同一类词或属。四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴，或近义或形异义，或与前

2、后配成词组。故同一范畴，或近义或形异义，或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的，干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的，但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。4.考查单词以实词考查单词以实词(v,n,adj,adv,pron.)为主，虚为主，虚词词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词一般占为辅。实词一般占80%-90%。5.以考查学生对以考查学生对文章的整体理解（篇章逻辑题）文章的整体理解（篇章逻辑题）和和词汇的意义（词汇题）词汇的意义（词汇题）把握为主。有些要把握为主。有些要结合结合常识常识才能正确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解才能正确

3、选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上，正确把握的基础上，正确把握上下文的逻辑关系上下文的逻辑关系，才能，才能正确判断和选择。正确判断和选择。6.有些空格答案由有些空格答案由上文决定上文决定（前置性设空前置性设空），有些），有些由由后文决定后文决定（后置性设空后置性设空），有些要），有些要综合上下综合上下文文才能得到答案（才能得到答案（语篇性设空语篇性设空），），以后置性设以后置性设空为主空为主。英语完形填空解题步骤英语完形填空解题步骤1.速览全文，把握大意。速览全文，把握大意。2.细读首句，摸清文路。细读首句，摸清文路。3.瞻前顾后，准确选择。瞻前顾后，准确选择。4.复核全文，调整答案。复核全

4、文，调整答案。做完形填空必须做完形填空必须读懂文章读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；，前后逻辑一致；完形填空完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据充分根据的，可以在文章的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点信息点。解题时应联系解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。2mins10mins2mins1minsn答题方法：答题方法：n1）择优法：）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如根据文章及结构边读边填

5、，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。个考证其余答案。n2）排除法：）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。正确答案。Here are some Basic skills of clozeSkill 1:Highlight the first sentence or paragragh.(重视首句

6、或手段，推测主旨大意。重视首句或手段，推测主旨大意。)If you have not already been to Morocco,I urge you to put it next on your list.Africa 21 a world completely different to that of Europe,22 a warmer,more fragrant and more colorful one!Products are cheap but the 23 is not.What does the first sentence tell us?The author enco

7、urages people to Morocco to travel.What do you know from the first paragragh?Travelling in Africa is very different from that in Europe.Skill2:Choosing by context(上下文、语境上下文、语境)eg1.I had the good 24 to spend five days there during my holidays.We stayed in a beautiful hotel which cost five euros a nig

8、ht with free breakfast.As is traditional in Morocco,we were supplied with many cups of mint（薄荷）（薄荷）tea as well.24.A.possibility B.courage C.fortune D.TimeCeg2.During our stay here we decided to be 28 and visit the Sahara.It may have been nine hours 29 but it was definitely worth the long mini bus ri

9、de!28.A.relaxed B.abnormal C.unique D.Adventurous29.A.driveB.walk C.flight D.Voyage29 A28 DSkill 3：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）eg2.We zoomed through（穿过）（穿过）the mountains and round（环绕）（环绕）the big corners.After nine hours we arrived at the mouth of the Sahara.We took a camel ride to where we had our camp.This wa

10、s 32 by a rich meal and a heartwarming bonfire(篝火篝火)with music.It was a wonderful way to have some insight into（洞察）（洞察）life in the desert and how the people there 33 .32.A.abandoned B.accompanied C.followed D.replaced33.A.survive B.escape C.last D.standCA1.动词、名词、形容词等与介词的搭配动词、名词、形容词等与介词的搭配We stayed i

11、n a beautiful hotel which cost five euros a night with free breakfast.As is traditional in Morocco,we were 26 with many cups of mint（薄荷）（薄荷）tea as well.26.A.supplied B.covered C.equipped D.exchanged Skill 4:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions(词汇和短语用法词汇和短语用法)A2.及物动词和不及物动词的用法：及物动词和不及物动词的用法：e

12、g2.We zoomed through the mountains and round the big corners.After nine hours we 30 at the mouth of the Sahara.30.A.reached B.arrived C.entered D.Left Skill 4:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions(词汇和短语用法词汇和短语用法)B3.同词复现（同义词、近义词、反义词等重现）：同词复现（同义词、近义词、反义词等重现）：首句：首句：If you have not already been

13、to Morocco,I urge you to put it next on your list.尾句：尾句：This was probably the best experience of my life and I would 40 anyone else to take on this adventure!40.A.agree B.encourage C.decline D.promise Skill 4:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions(词汇和短语用法词汇和短语用法)B。Skill5:Choosing by grammar(语

14、法分析语法分析)eg.We saw shooting stars(流星流星)and the nomads（牧（牧民）民）slept under the stars in the desert 37 it is very,very cold at night!However our tents were very big and quite luxurious(奢侈奢侈)with mattresses（床垫）（床垫）inside _38_ rugs（地毯）（地毯）laid down everywhere.37.A.becauseB.even if C.since D.so that38.A.an

15、d B.but C.or D.besidesBA温馨提示：语法分析主要分析句子结构：长句难句、根据句与句之间的逻辑关系选择连接词。递进关系：besides,in addition 等 转折关系：however,but,unfortunately,on the contrary等。因果或目的关系：because,since,for,as,so,therefore,in order to,consequently 等。表示例举关系：for example,for instance,such as,that is to say,in other words 或“”“：”等标点符号。）表示条件：if,

16、unless,once等表示时间：before,after,when,while,until等Skill 6:Choosing by common sense(常识常识)eg1.If you have not already been to Morocco,I urge you to put it next on your list.Africa offers a world completely different to that of Europe,mainly a warmer,more fragrant and more colorful one!Products are cheap

17、but the 23 is not.23.A.quantity B.weight C.impression D.quality DSkill 6:Choosing by common sense(常识常识)eg2.As is traditional in Morocco,we were supplied with many cups of mint（薄荷）（薄荷）tea as well.There you could do cookery classes,27 on the roof,and eat a delicious tagine（泰琼羊肉）（泰琼羊肉）.27.A.shower B.su

18、nbathe C.sunburn D.settle BThe skills of finishing Cloze?Skill 1:Highlight 首句或手段，推测主旨大意。首句或手段，推测主旨大意。Skill2:Choosing by 上下文、语境上下文、语境Skill3:Choosing by 逻辑推理逻辑推理Skill4:Choosing by 词汇和短语用法词汇和短语用法Skill5:Choosing by 语法分析语法分析(句子结构：长句、句子结构：长句、难句、连接词难句、连接词)Skill6:Choosing by 常识常识完形填空四利用：完形填空四利用：n1.利用复现或同类的词

19、汇答题。利用复现或同类的词汇答题。n2.利用前后文的对仗关系。利用前后文的对仗关系。n3.利用上下文的逻辑关系。利用上下文的逻辑关系。n4.生活常识。生活常识。完形填空三忌：完形填空三忌：n忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。n忌当做语法填空来做。忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。本句话。(注重语篇注重语篇)n忌先入为主，一气呵成。忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。获得答案。The more we practice,the easier it will be!Cloze is interesting,though difficult.实战演练：n1.课堂练习：n完成晚测一试卷课后完形填空练习。n2.家庭作业：n黑白版周报22期完形填空练习。