动词时态语态考点及练习题(9页).doc

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1、-动词时态语态考点及练习题-第 9 页时态语态考点及练习考点1 一般时态1. 一般现在时 (1)表示现在的习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示频度的时间状语连用, 如usually, often, always, sometimes, every day等。 (2)表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。 (3)表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为, 只限于go, come, leave, start, stop, arrive等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 这列火车明早六点出发。 (4)在时间

2、、条件等状语从句中常用一般(现在)时代替一般将来时。 2. 一般过去时 (1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day等作时间状语。 (2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 He said he would not go if it rained. 他说过如果下雨, 他不会去的。 【典题印证】 Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and (stay)there for one year,

3、 teaching as a volunteer. 3. 一般将来时 (1)一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态, 即单纯的将来事实。 (2)三类表示一般将来时的特殊结构: be going to do sth. 表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。 The dark clouds are gathering, so it is going to rain. 乌云密布, 眼看就要下雨了。 be to do sth. 表示按计划或安排即将要做某事, 或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。 We are to obey these rules when we go into the lib

4、rary. 进入图书馆时我们要遵守这些规定。 be about to do sth. 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用, 但常与when引导的时间状语从句连用。 The train is about to leave. 火车即将开出。 【点津】will do sth. 有时候强调“临时的、当即的决定”, 意为“要去做某事”。 Where is the telephone book? 电话簿呢? Ill go and get it for you. 我去给你拿。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2014新课标全国卷)A boy on a bike _ (catch)my at

5、tention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 2. (2014重庆高考)Youd better write down her phone number before you _ (forget)it. 3. (2013广东高考)Suddenly, he _ (find)that he had run out of salt. 4. (2013山东高考)I didnt think Id like the movie, but actually it _ (be)pretty good. 5. (2013北京高考)Do you

6、 think Mom and Dad _(be)late? No, Swiss Air is usually on time. 6. (2013湖南高考)Around two oclock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _ (bother)us. 7. (2013江苏高考)What about your self-drive trip yesterday? Tiring! The road is being widened, and we _ (have)a rough ride. 8. (2012湖

7、南高考)Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _(repay)later in life. 考点2 进行时态1. 现在进行时 (1)表示说话时正在进行的动作、存在的状态或者表示现阶段正在进行的动作、存在的状态(说话时动作不一定进行或存在)。 (2)一些特定的表示动作趋向性的短暂性动词come, go, leave, start, open, arrive, begin, return等常用现在进行时表将来。 He is returning from Beijing next week. 他下周要从北京回来。 (3)现在(或者过去)进行时态与alwa

8、ys, constantly, often, forever, continually等副词连用表示说话者的“赞叹、厌烦、不满”等感情色彩。 The girl is always talking aloud in public. 这个女孩总是在公众面前大声喧哗。 2. 过去进行时 (1)过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或者存在的状态。 She was writing a book about China last year, but I dont know whether she has finished it. 去年她一直在写一本关于中国的书, 但我不知道她是否已经写完。 (2)表示

9、过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。 She was watching TV when a burglar broke into her house. 当一名窃贼破门而入的时候, 她正在看电视。 (3)过去进行时可以表示按计划、安排在过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置转移的动词时, 也可以用过去进行时表示过去按照计划安排将要发生的动作。 Yesterday he said he was leaving for Canada. 昨天他说他要动身去加拿大。 3. 将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作, 或按预测将来会发生的事情。常用

10、的时间状语有: soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, in two days, tomorrow evening等。 This time next week Ill be lying on the beach, enjoying the sunshine. 下星期这个时候我就会躺在沙滩上享受阳光了。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2014重庆高考)James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ (come)until yesterday. 2. (2013新课标全国卷)We _

11、(leave)very early so we packed the night before. 3. (2013天津高考)The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _(repair)one of the main pipes. 4. (2013湖南高考)I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. Im so sorry. But I _(do)my homework. 5. (2013北京高考)Hurry

12、up! Mark and Carol _(expect) us. 6. (2013江西高考)I _(come)to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel. 7. (2013四川高考)Hurry up, kids! The school bus _(wait)for us! 考点3 完成时态1. 现在完成时 (1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常用的时间状语: already, so far, never, just, before, recently等。 He hasnt heard of t

13、he news about the lost child so far. 他到目前为止还未听说有关这个失踪小孩的消息。 (2)表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态, 甚至延续到将来。常与since, for以及so far, now, today, this week(month, year), for a long time, in the past/last few years, these days等连用。 We have learnt 500 words these days. (3)现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时完成的动作。 Please return th

14、e book to me when you have finished it. 你看完这本书后请还给我。 【点津】注意牢记以下固定句型: It is/has been+时间段+ since. . . 表示“自从以来已经”。 It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university. 我已经从这所大学毕业十年了。 This/It/That is the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用现在完成时。 This is the fi

15、rst time that I have been here. 这是我第一次来这里。 2. 过去完成时 (1)表示在过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作, 强调“过去的过去”之意。常与by, before等介词短语或状语从句连用或用于有上下文暗示的句子。 By the end of last year, we had accomplished the project completely. 到去年年底, 我们已经彻底完成了该工程。 (2)表示意向的动词, 如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等, 用过去完成时表示“原本(事实上未能)”。

16、We had expected that you would be able to win the match. 我们本来预料的是你能赢得这场比赛的。 【点津】注意固定句型This/It/That was the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用过去完成时。 This was the first time that I had been here. hardly. . . when. . . 和no sooner. . . than. . . 两个句型中, 主句均用过去完成时。 Hardly

17、 had the match started when we arrived. 我们一到场, 比赛就开始了。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2014安徽高考)The twins, who _(finish)their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 2. (2014浙江高考)Sofia looked around at all the faces; she had the impression that she _(see)most of the guests before. 3. (2014陕西高考)D

18、uring his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends _(recommend). 4. (2014北京高考)I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ (start)when I arrived. 5. (2014大纲版全国卷)The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _(see)them since. 6. (2013山东高考)Oh no! Were too late. The train _(lea

19、ve). Thats OK. Well catch the next train to London. 7. (2013浙江高考)During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _(increase) sharply. 8. (2013辽宁高考)He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _(have)it for a very long time. 9. (2013湖南高考)Have yo

20、u heard about the recent election? Sure, it _(be)the only thing on the news for the last three days. 考点4 现在完成进行时和过去将来时1. 现在完成进行时 (1)常用来表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。 Im very tired. I have been checking the students papers all the morning. 我很累。我整个上午都在批改学生的试卷。 (2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。 I have been

21、 calling him many times this morning, but theres no answer. 今天上午我给他打了很多次电话, 但目前一直没有收到答复。 2. 过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即过去将来时是“立足过去, 着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。 I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon. 我听说他们不久要回到上海。 【点津】判断这种时态的依据是要有表示过去的“动作”, 而不一定是单纯的时间。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2014湖南高考)Sin

22、ce the time humankind started gardening, we _(try)to make our environment more beautiful. 2. (2014江西高考)Tony, why are your eyes red? I _(cut)up peppers for the last five minutes. 3. (2013福建高考)The girl has a great interest in sport and _(take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 考

23、点5 被动语态1. 不能用被动语态的特殊动词 (1)系动词类(look, seem, feel, taste, sound, prove, appear等)。 (2)表示主语特征的词(read, wash, write, sell, wear, lock等), 常与not, hardly, well, easily, badly, nicely等副词连用。 This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布料容易洗。 2. get构成的表示被动的短语 get paid/lost/hurt等。 We get paid every week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 3. 主动

24、形式表示被动意义 (1)在need, want, require, deserve, bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面, 动名词主动形式表示被动意义, 其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 (2)在某些“主语(人/物)+be+形容词+不定式”中不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。 The problem is difficu

25、lt to work out. 这道题很难计算出。 (3)be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责? The houses are to let. 这些房子有待出租。 用所给词的适当时态和语态填空 1. (2014广东高考)We _(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, but for the week after. 2. (2014辽宁高考)Tai Chi _(call)“shadow boxing”in Engl

26、ish. It asks you to act like water. 3. (2014天津高考)We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make). 4. (2014大纲版全国卷)Unless some extra money _(find), the theatre will close. 5. (2013北京高考)So what is the procedure? All the applicants _(interview)before a final decision is made by the authority.

27、6. (2013北京高考)Shakespeares play Hamlet _(make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 7. (2013上海高考)The school board is made up of parents who _(elect)to make decisions about school affairs. 8. (2013湖南高考)If nothing _(do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 高考集训1. (2015承德模拟)When ar

28、e you leaving for Chicago? As soon as we _ (complete)the project. 2. Listen to the music! Thats what I _ (play)in a competition last July. 3. I _ (wear)glasses since I was in primary school and I hate them. They make me look like a bookworm. 4. Although all of the apples have been tasted, none of th

29、em _ (taste)good. 5. There are lots of problems in your hometown, but were happy to see many of them _ (solve). 6. Up to now, the program _ (save)thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 7. The other day, they _ (have)a party when they heard a loud noise from downstairs. 8. (2015保定模拟)Why

30、 dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _ (repair). 9. (2015银川模拟)You speak very good French! Thanks. I _ (study)French in Sichuan University for four years. 10. All his attention _ (fix)on the computer game he was playing, so he even didnt notice his mother enter the room. 11. I was

31、 giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _ (give)to half a dozen other groups. 12. (2015邯郸模拟)Roderick had an accident yesterday. How come? He _ (drive)very carefully. 13. (2015石家庄模拟)Have you seen your nephew lately? Yes, in fact, I saw him yesterday. I _ (not see)him for three year

32、s. 14. Some teenagers _ (damage)their health because they often expose themselves to so many electric products. 15. (2015大连模拟)Have you read a book called Waiting for Anya? Who _ (write)it? 16. On Monday mornings it usually _ (take)me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 m

33、iles. 17. My brother fell while he _ (ride)his bicycle and hurt himself. 18. (2015洛阳模拟)Can I call you back at two oclock this afternoon? Im sorry, but by then I _ (fly)to Beijing. How about five? 19. (2015承德模拟)When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but I _ (change)my mind. 20. (2015锦州模拟)Have you h

34、eard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no one _ (hurt). 定语从句练习1. A dog is the only thing on earth _ loves you more than he loves himself. 2. Wolves are highly social animals _ success depends on cooperation. 3. I would like to take this opportunity to thank my leader, without _ support

35、 our program could not have been completed so smoothly. 4. There are three kinds of paper to make a card with, none of _ tears easily. 5. He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident. 6. (2015大连模拟)Do you still remember the food company _ my father visited ten years ago? 7. _ ha

36、s been mentioned many times, serving the people is our first policy. 8. (2015承德模拟)Life is like a long race in _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 9. (2015宝鸡模拟)We all like our English teacher, from _ we have learned a lot. 10. Clean water and fresh air are essential for our daily life, w

37、ithout _ we cant live. 11. (2015哈尔滨模拟)Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem _ none of us worked out. 12. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. 13. Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 14. Do you k

38、now the way in _ he worked out the problem? 15. I will never forget the day _ Shenzhouwas sent up into space. 16. She passed the driving test, _ surprised everyone. 17. This is the worst way _ we can use to deal with the problem. 18. Do you know the man with _ Mr. Black talked just now? 19. Such a b

39、ook _ you bought is not worth buying. 20. He lives in the room _ window faces south. 名词性从句练习题1. (2015邯郸模拟)I wondered _ you had finished reading the book that I lent to you, so I called you this morning. 2. Nothing can change the fact _ the Diaoyu Islands belong to China. 3. Science and technology is

40、 developing rapidly and its hard to predict _ the world will look like in another 20 years. 4. (2015锦州模拟) _ I am concerned about is whether you can provide us with the most up-to-date information. 5. The news _ house prices will fall has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. 6. (2

41、015银川模拟) _ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. 7. (2015保定模拟)We are thinking about _ can be admitted into our club. The number of members is limited. 8. (2015沈阳模拟)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. 9. (2015大连模拟)He spoke pr

42、oudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _ I had done for it. 10. _ we should keep calm does matter in case of emergency. 11. (2015唐山模拟)The suggestion put forward by our monitor _ we visit the film studio is really exciting. 12. _ is confident is always energetic and is more likely to succe

43、ed. 13. (2015石家庄模拟)The girls are receiving shape training, which is _ it takes to be a dancer. 14. (2015承德模拟)The reason why he is absent from the meeting is, I think, _ he may not have been informed of it. 15. It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 16. (201

44、5贵州模拟)Up to now, I havent got any ideas _ we should go on with the project. 17. After _ seemed a long time, they finally arrived at the destination. 18. What I want to tell you is _ Ive made a decision that I will give up the job. 19. (2015哈尔滨模拟)Is there any particular soup you would like to have? _ you select is all right with me1. (2014北京高考)Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 2. (2014大纲版全国卷)Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, bu