2021年考研英语（二）核心词汇全突破（中）.docx

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1、基础词汇 6核心词汇14 27基础词汇27核心词汇39认知词汇5()基础诃汇52核心词汇65认知词汇96J99础词3 99核心词汇10)K106基础词汇 106核心词汇108认知词汇 109LIll基础词汇Ill核心词汇 125认知词汇140M143施础知识143核心叱I 168认知词汇193N 198基础词汇 198核心词汇208认知词汇215217基础词汇217核心词汇227认知词汇240P244基础词汇244核心词汇274认知词汇302Q307基础词汇307核心词汇308认知词汇 311基础词汇gain Igeinj n,收获,获利:増加V.赫得狭得:増加:我等走快【例句】No pain

2、s, no gams.没有耕耘就没有收获,After swimming for an hour, he finally gained the shore.他游 了一小时后.终到达岸边.【组】gain on遇近,超过,侵蚀gain in增长.改进;伕得:花方面有进展gain ground前进.迫近尿】gainfu“唯利是图的:有利益的:钱的game geim，t.比赛:游戏:运动会:猎物,H标物W.贴博adj.勇敢的【例句】Football is a team game.足球是项集,体运动.【词组】be game for对郁感兴趣gap |gaep| n,缺U:冷即：空白：缺乏vL裂开1（使成缺

3、口(】The sheep got out of the ranch through a gap in the hedge.羊从树篱的间隙中跑出牧场.(词组】generation gap代沟income gap收入差距【助记】地图（map）上它们的间隔（gap）没这么大garbage | ga:bid3）fi i圾废物:|,vC never heard such a load of garbage!这么胡说八道我还从來没听说过.garden fgon n.（菜花）园:公园v,从事园艺【例句】He has been gardening all day.他在园中干了 整天.gas IgaesJ n,

4、气体:煤气;汽油:毒气vf $ （死）加油VI,加油:放出气体:空谈【 旬】He was badly gassed in the war.他在战争中深受赤气伤吿gate gelt ri.大门:入n:观众人数门票收入V；.给装大门【甸】The school has an iron gate between the yard and the road,学校在校园和马路之,何冇个铁门.【助记】分析:g“哥”的拼音字母：ate- eat （吃的过去式：记忆方法:哥哥在大门口吃东西.gather I,gaeda v集合,聚奥,收集:推测.推断聚集:衣褶:收获口【:】The teacher gathere

5、d the pupils round her.老師把小学生们聚集在她周圓】gather from从推测.从伕悉gather oneself叩 战起勇气.打起精神,集中全力gather oneself together鼓出勇气,打起精神,集中全力gather up收集,拾起:概括.总括:集中（相等）:螳缩（肢体等）【派生】gathering n,聚集，集会:收款gender fdjende n,性.性别【:丿】The male and female genders are equal.男性和女性是平等的.gene （dji:n n,因子,基因【例;】The gene for asthma has

6、 been identified.哮喘病的権因已被识别.【助记】音译，因genera） dsenaral n 将军adj, 一般地.普遍地:总体的【“】Napoleon was a great general拿破仑是位伟大的将领。词H in genera! 一般地.总体tgserai门dbenareit.产生发生:引起,导致:生殖,生行,产卯【唄】The racial prejudice generated hatred.种族偏见引起f仇恨。【助记】gene基因+rate （速度）一基因产生速度【,牛】generative M 生殖的:生产的;有生59的i有生产的generation n, 一

7、代;产生;一代人;生殖generatorn,发电机:发生器:生产并generation .djena reijan n.产生,发生:一代（人）【刊:】Mother and daughters represent two generations,母亲和女儿们代我 J两代人.【同组】generation gap（两代人之间的隔阂）generator fdsenareita n.发电机,发牛:器;生殖者;创始者【:】We have an auxiliary generator in case of power cuts,我们有，台万，断电时使用的备用发电机.（助记】generate +or产生的东西

8、.产生动电力的genius dji：njas|n,大才天赋,天才人物卜;】!ies a genius at mathematics,他是个数学天才【助记】ge （哥哥）+ni （你）+心（我们），哥哥你和我们都是天才gentle I djentladj柔和的.文雅的.有礼貌的,出身髙贵的使温和,使驯服n.蛆，饵 句I feh her gentle touch on my shoulder.她温柔地按了 一我的府勝.gentleman rdjentlmen) n.阁下先生,绅士列旬Hes no gentleman!他可不是正人君子!gentlydjentlil”小,轻轻地：文雅地.有礼猊地例句H

9、e speaks to his lover gently,他温柔地对他的爱人说话.geography Idji ografi n 地理学,地理:地形【列旬】In our geography classt we are learning about rivers,我们疋在地理课上学习有关河流的知识.gesture I,djestJe) n,姿态,手势:我示v,做手勢,以手势表示【列句】、He put his arm round her in a protective gesture.他用只手臂因住她做出保护的姿势.He gestured (to me) that it was lime to g

10、o.他向我示意该走 【词I】make a gesture做手势.表示做个手势【助记】ge +s (死)+ture (真的)-野野装死的姿态真的很吓人【派生】gestural adj,手势的:示意动作的get (get) v.获得,得到:使,使得:变得成为:到达giant | d3aiont n,巨人庞然大物:伟人,天才adj恒大的巨大的【例句】Shakespeare is a giant among writers.莎士比亚是一位文坛巨匠.gift (gift /i.赠品礼物:天赋.才能,句】He has a gift for poetry,他有做诗的天赋【T：，1】 have a gift

11、for对冇天赋girl |gd：l| n,少女,姑娘,女孩:女职员give |givj v,给.授:供给:献出.让步:捐!发表【列句】The bride was given away by her father.由父亲把新娘交新郎“【川组】give back归还.恢复give in屈服.让步;交上,give oneseM away露马脚give out分发.用完,耗尽give up放弃.认输give rise to引起.带来give full phy to 充分发挥glad Iglaedl adj,高兴的.快活的:乐盘的,情愿的r/使高兴ghss|glo:s|n,玻璃:玻璃杯:鏡子:IpL眼摊

12、VI.反映:给某物加玻璃vi,成玻璃状【列旬】1 cut my hand on some broken glass.我的F被碎玻璃割伤了gbbe IglaubJ n,球体.地球仪：地球.世界 句】Her fame has reached the most far-flung corners of the globe.她已名扬四海.【助记】gk）b形似数字8106. e鹅8106只鹅形成一个球状物。【识牛】global ”全球的:总体的:球形的 globalization n,全球 化gbbal rgteuball球形的:全球的.全世界的:总括的：全面的【例旬】Market regulation

13、s should be global as well.市场!K（管也应该是全球性的.【记】谐二，哥伦布哥伦布出海就是为了证明地域是球形的glove glAV| n手管（指分开的） vr.给依F套【例句】My dress fits （me） like a glove,我的连衣裙常合身.【冋组】hand in glove合作:勾结着亲密地【助记】g （哥哥）+bve （爱）哥哥爱戴手套,分析:g一“哥”的拼存首字母:bvc弃爱.glue |glu:|/i,胶.胶水V,股合,粘贴,粘合【例句】The children arc always glued to I he television after

14、 school 核广们放学后老是行电视 ct词组】ghe ones cars to贴着耳朵听 glued to紧附,似用胶固定【助记】g （割）+luc （鹿）一剂鹿刀是用胶水拈贴出来的go IgauJ v/去,肉开：走:放置:変成:运转 ,去:进行:尝试17.忍受;出产：以打婿 句】ril have a go at mending your bike today,我今天修修你的自行乍, 【同组】go about音F做:承担go ahead开始,前进.领先godown下落,坠落.沉没.失败.毁灭,易呑咽.发生被接受承认g。for麼好.对冇特别喜欢,攻击用作go into进入:研究,调叙述,讨论

15、gooff爆炸爆破:响起,发出声音,离开,进行gomit火掉,爆灭外出,参加社交活动:过时:倒塌goal |geul| n,目的,冃标:守门员.球门1进建V,得分【句】Our goal on the second half is to kick two more goals.我们在半场（比赛）的目标是再踢进两球.goal g叫”,山羊替罪羊（美便）:色鬼（美僅）（T组】make.the goat拿当件罪羊God godn,上帝小写god泛指所有的，神，神像”）gold |gauld| n,黄金:金币:金黄色 adj,金的,金制的【3丿】The Olympic winner received a

16、 gold medal as an award.奥林匹克的优胜者获得枚金质奖或作为奖赏.golden Igauldan adj金M色的:世雨的，极好的【划句】She had a beautiful golden egg on her shelf.她的书架上有个漂亮的金蛋 golf (golf I /.髙尔夫球vi打髙尔夫球（】The golf course is behind our house,岛尔夫球场在我们房屋的后面。good | gud n好处:利益adj,好的：善良的I招长的i乖的【例】My one good suit is at the cleaner s.我那套讲究的衣徹还在洗衣

17、店中.呢【词组】as good as几乎;差不多fur good永久地:永远地to the good有好处的:有利的,净嫌goodbye |4gudbai| m! 再见”.告别gxincNs | gudnisj n仁慈,善良:优良:精华ini,天哪【J AH the goodness has been boiled out of ihu veg&ables.这些蔬薬的营养成分全部都给煮掉（【词汨】have the goodness to （do）有的好goods IgudzI n货物,商砧:财产（*J 】The goods were consigned to you by railway.货物

18、已由铁路托运到你处。goose （gu:sj h鹅:鹅肉:傻瓜;雌鹅vt突然加大油门,嘘骂【刊:“】Help yourself io some gw.请的便吃些鹅肉.【助记】故事（谐音）一故事的主角是鹅grade （greid等级,级别:年级:分数V .分等.分级（：-J】Eggs are graded from small to extra-large.鸡蛋从小的到特大的分成了等级。I词组】make the grade成功:达到标准up to grade符合标准gradual graedjual adj,逐渐的,逐步的,弥撒升阶圣歌集【，:”】The kindlopes to the sea

19、 by a gradual descent.陆地逐渐向海边傾斜graduate fgmdjueitn.（大学）毕业生.研究生VI,准予毕业.大学毕业adj,研究生的,毕业的【例句】She graduated from Yale in 1980.她198。年毕业于耶鲁大学.【诃组】graduate from从毕业graduate in毕业于学科grain |grain n,谷物,谷类i颗粒.细粒【切J】Gniin is used for making flour,谷物用来做面粉【间组】in grain彻底a grain of ，粒【助记】音：割-brain割身.雨前撒谷粒.爾后割谷子.gramm

20、ar （ graema it语法规则）,语法现象gramme | graem | n. 克grandmother | graend.mAda) n.祖母:外祖母vr,当的祖母VI,当祖母grape (greipln,葡繭:節的酒：前同樹：菊初色【冽甸】I think its just sour grapes.我认为他这样说不过是吃不到菊釘便说葡歸酸.grass |gra:s| n.,牧草“放牧:使长渦有:使吃Q：VI .长草【句】Rill must have grassed on us.比尔村定把我们出卖了.grateful greitful adj. (to. for)感澈的;感谢的【例:】

21、These refugees are ver), grateful to the governments succor.这些睢民 II 常感激政府的救援、【词组】grateful for为而将谢gratitude |,graetitju:d n.感谢.超激例句】I am full of gratitude to you for helping me,我常感激你对我的帮助.词组】gratitude to sb.盛激某人grave (greiv n 他穴,坟蓦adj.产木的庄重的adv,缓慢庄严的vr.南.雕刻( 句】They visited their parents* graves.他们去给双

22、亲扫菜.【向组】graveon/in铭记于心【助记】音:此屋.死呆的屋坟菓【辰牛】gravely .严用地:严肃地严峻地,沉地地great Igreit adj.伟大的:用要的$大!t;的:很好的:美好的大师;大人物;伟人们green (grim n.绿色:蔬菜:植物adj.绿色的:未成熟的：无经验的列句】You must be green to believe that!你真幼稚,竟然相信那个!greenhouse | gri:nhausl n,温室,花房greet |gri:tl r.致敬.迎接:扑(界.入(.触(目)【列句】His wonderful speech was greeted

23、 by bud cheers,他精彩的演讲受到热烈的欢迎。【同“1】greet sth. with sth.对某做出某种反应greeting | gri:tii n,祝贺:问候【 句】He gave us a friendly greeting when we met him on the street,在街上相遇时他跟我们友好地打了个招呼,grey lgrei| adj,灰色的.灰白的:脸色苍白的n,灰色使变成灰色:使变老VI.变成灰色:老化【例句】She was dressed in grey.她穿了件灰色衣服.grocer | grousa n,食砧商,杂货店【派生grocery n,食

24、品杂货店ground Igraund) n,地面:场所.范亂 根据,理由17.把放在地上:使搁浅:打甚础浦.具基础:着隘:搁浅以 土地的:地面上的:磨碎的:磨过的(例旬】Boredom is not a ground for divorce. 11久生厌不能成为离婚的理由.The teacher grounded students in English.教 G给学生打英语世础.(】give ground撤退;屈服:让步go to ground退避i逃脱to the ground 彻底地ground someone tn something给某人在某面打下良好甚础on the ground of

25、以为理由:因为group |gru:p| n,群,小组v,分组枳聚adj,群的：团体的【句】The data can be grouped under three heads.这些资料可以分为三大类“grow|gr9uv,生长.成长.增长:栽培.焙育:渐渐变得(J) Dont spend so much, money doesnt grow on trees, you know,别花这么多钱不是容易挣的。【词组】grow in增加：在方面成长grow on加深影响：引起爱好grow from由长大,由发展起来grow out出,发芽:拉架grown-upgraunAp adj成熟的.成年人的/

26、,成年人【例句】The child acts like a grown-up.这俵的挙止像个大人.growth IgrauO n,生长.增长.发展【例句】Childhood is a period of rapid growth,幼年是生长迅速的时期.guardlga:d h,防护装置:啃兵警!?.看守v.保卫,看守:防止:警惕,警卫【例 J) He bribed his way past the guard and escaped他买通 ， 守而逃之天天 了.【“】guard against预防,提防off (onc,s) guard 不警惕guess ges v. & n. 推测:以为:猜

27、想.同surmiseguest gest n客人,来宾,旅客vr.款待.招待VI.作客,寄宿，“,客人的:特邀的,客用的（We have three guests to dinner,我们有三位客人来吃饭。【词目）be my guest别客气,请用:请便 guidance |gaidans| n,指导,引卜;】!ie did the work under his teachers guidance.他在老师的指导下做了这件工作.【词组】under the guidance of在的指引Tguide |gaid| n导游者.向导:引导:指南V.领路:指导:支配:管理【句】They guided

28、us to I he office.他们带领我ff 到了办公完.【依生】guidance”,指导,引导:领导guideline fgaidlain n,指导路线:方针:准则【例句】Our guideline would be the prevailing world market prices,我们要以当时的国际市场的价格为准绳.guitar Igi ta： n,吉他.六弦零【列f】He play、the guitar and sings loo,他会弹吉他.也会唱歌.gun |gAn|n,炮怆【例:】Soldiers carry guns. 士兵扛着枪.【间组】jump the gun偷胞:

29、行动过早:仲未听发令枪就起跑guygai 家伙,伙Hv.取笑.中奔【例句】He is a good guy.他是个好小伙F.【助记】近于guide用来引导某物的索;guy,男人像个支索般挿起家.片天gym/gymnasium Idjiml/ldjim neWem. gimna:ziem 体育馆,健力房【 3.】The ImketbaO phyers are working out at the gym.篮球运动员们正在体ff馆进行训练.權心闻汇galaxy Igaelaksi n,星系:（the Galaxy）银河（系）：一，群（杰出或著名的人物）【例句】Astronomers have di

30、scovered a distant galaxy.天文学家们发现了 个遥远的星系.【助i】gala=milk牛奶,milky way=tti河系以xy结尾的只冇4个单诃, xy &示交织在起.象坐标絞,样.银 河系也象星星交织在一起,gallery Igaelari n.长鹿.向廊,炎术馆:最高的楼座 vr.在修建走板:在挖地道VI.挖地道I句】The gallery in a treasure trove of medieval art,这个画廊是中世纪术的宝库.【助记】由于谟词和词义为m钱包wallet词星都是alle,则可记成:买票观面廊（gallery）掏空钱包（wallet）.ga

31、lkip I gaelapl n. & r,奔帆 跑】Al the horses broke into a gallop.所行的吗突然奔起来.【诃组】at a gallop以最快速度,飞快地,急速地【助记】gallon加仑（车的汽油単位）lope跑.加了汽油后跑飞奔:结尾发音也是个跑:音:高楼坡,在 很高的坡匕highway髙速公路飞奔派生galloping adj,飞驰的J急性的gamblegaembl) ” 4险:赌博:投机【I句】You are gambling with your health by continuing to smoke.你继续抽烟是把白己的健康当贴注【诃沮】gamb

32、le away赌光【助记】干部（谐音）一行的干部喜欢赌Wb【派牛】gambling /r.贴博i投机gambler n,贴徒:投机商人gang |gaeq| n. 伙一群.帮 成群结队【:;】Have you seen any of the gang btely?你最近见过这批网友中的哪一位吗?【:“. 】 gang up聚如 联合起来【助记】干（谐音）一群人起做事（teamwork）gaol （djeil. djeln.监禁:（不加冠词）监禁V,把关进监狱【倒:】The man spent several years in gaol for robbery.这男人因犯抢劫罪而坐了几年牢 【助

33、记】gao （拼音:高）+1 （联想:个）1个人在高墙里面一监狱【派生】gaoler监狱看守:监狱长garagegaerQ：（d）3车 三机 代车厂VI,把送入车库【 句】He has taken his car to the garage to be repaired.他把车送到汽车修理丿去修理.garment |ga:m9nt n.（一件）衣服.服装【例句】This garment should be washed carefully.这件衣服应该小心地洗涤 【助记】gar花,各种花色的花里树哨的,象花样漂亮的衣服.gasp|ga：sp| r喘息:气喘吁吁地说喘息,气哨:深呼吸【例句】丨g

34、asped as【jumped inio ihc cold river.我跳进冰冷的河単.时,简直透:过气来.【词组】at the（ones） last gasp临终,筋疲力尽.最后 倒gasp forth/out喘若气说出发出【助记】来自gas （气.煤气）gauge |geid3Jn标准尺:规格:量规.量表估量:评价:判断【句】The programme was given a trial run （o gauge viewers reactions.该节口进行了试演以了新观众的反应.How would you gauge his conduct?你对他的品行作何评价?诃组）havc/kc

35、ep/gci the weather gauge of在上风:较冇利【助沱】读:稿纸耳个文档的时候首先要确定,测用:稿纸的标准规格,比如:M. B5等gay |gei| adj,轻快的,快乐的:鲜亮的同性恋【刊句】The children were all gay at the thought of the coming holidays.孩子们想到即将来临的観日，都很岛兴gaze Igeizl r. d fl,凝视.注视（旬】The child gazed at the toys in the shop window.孩广眼暗盯着商店留窗里的玩具.（1 y盯着看凝视at gaze （惊讶地）

36、站着凝视的gaze on/upon sb/sth看某人/某事物【助】谐音“盖茨”.后到比尔盖茨会凝视.很感兴趣的柠。gear |gie） n.齿轮.传动装買V.调笹,（使）适合，换档【;】Education should be geared to children(s needs.教育应适合学生们的需耍.（同组】（n gear处于工作状态,处于就绪状态gear up为准备好gear lo使适介【助记】g-bear （匕朵）一用朵听声音判断齿轮故障齿轮generalize I dsenarelaiz v,归纳,概括:推广普及 I dont think you can generalize abo

37、ut what voters will do.我认为你不可能推测出选民将会做什么【助记】general （概括的）/izc一概括,归纳【派生】generalization ,概括:普遍化:般化generous djenares adj,慷慨的.大度的:甫的（*J） He is very generous-he often buys things for other people,他很大.经常买东西送给别人.（）fll） be generous with 用很大方be generous in 乐于【助it!】 gener （产生）hxis （的）产生很名的慷慨的 generously udX慷慨

38、地:宽大地:丰盛地generosity n,慷慨大方：宽宏大故genetic （d3inetik adj,遗传的.起源的【列句】Genetic engineering will have revolutionary consequences for mankind.遗传工程.将对人类产生深远的影响【词】genetic materia!遗传物质:越因材料genetic information 遗传信息【流生】genetical “力,遗传的:起源的:创始的genetics n.遗传学【助记】gene（基因）Hiegenre l3O：r）r n,类型,流派【1句】The novel and sho

39、d story are different genres.长爲小说和短篇故事是不同的类别。【助记】gen .种属一文学体裁:gene.甚因种属一流派gen .产生,re热（情）：个文学流派可以让你产生热情.genuinedjenjuin,真实的真正的:诚恩的（例:】AD genuine knowledge originates in direct experience, 切真知都来源 J 直接经验.I J 丸牛呢一式的牛,的,r真音【派4】genuineness.真实.真正;真诚,真挚geology d3rlodji ” 地质（学）【例 J 】He was visiting professor

40、 of geology at the University of Georgia,他钟旌佐治亚大学的地质学客座教授.【助记】geo （地理）4-logy （学科）geometry d3rmHr,几何（学）【刊:】we will learn analytic geometry after studying solid geometry.我们刚学完立体几何就要学解析几何.germ （dsa：m n,微生物,细曲vL萌芽【J】 This lotion kills germs.这种洗液仃杀菌作用.【同州】in germ处于初级阶段.处于萌芽阶段【助记】音:芥末,是辍碎的芥菜种几 是种并与幼芽,甫类gh

41、ost gaust n 鬼魂,幽灵w.作艰于:昔捉刀:为人代箝v/.曾人代笔【例U】The car seems to have given up the ghost.看来这汽车算是报销了.【词W】a ghost of丝毫,微fit. 一点儿（常在否定句中与chance, idea连用或与mite连用）【助记】g （射野）+bost （主人）1哥哥的主人是灵gigamic d3aigaentikJM.庞大的巨大的【句】The new airplane looked like a gigantic bird.这架新匕机看起来像只巨大的鸟【助记】giga （十亿）+nticgiggle gigl g

42、. 4 /r痴笑:略略地笑vr咯略地笑着说/!吃吃的笑【助记】gigi是梁泳琪k乐:gigi只会giggle的!e乐glamour | glaeme n. 魅力:妖艳 t,迷惑【】Do you still think theres glamour in the advertising business7你是否还认为吿具有诱惑?【词 】c弊laglanuHir ova使迷住,迷住（某人）:给增添几分林【助记】glamour音“哥来摸”妹妹有魅力.哥来摸【海生】glamorous adj,迷人的.富有tt刀的glance |gla:ns| r. （ah over）打视:普w. 一瞥,看:闪光 丿】

43、She glanced shyly al the young fellow from behind her fan,她羞怯地从扇干后面扫/那个年轻人 B1【同组】glance ones eye at匆匆地阅读:浏览glanceovei浏览而略阅读ghnee through 浏览cast a glance a【向 看眼glare |glC9强光闪耀:册眼,怒视v,闪耀.发出强比1瞪眼怒视【列:】There was a red glare over the burning village,正在燃烧的村庄上空映出眩H的红光【同组】glare at怒视【助记】以联想:光棍）-hare （fe） 一光棍

44、怒目而视:glide Iglaid v. K “滑行,滑动;溜;时间消逝卜:】Time glides on. but he still cant work out the math problem .时间怕情过去,他仍然没能解出那道数学题【助记】形似:slide （ n. & v,滑动）【派生】gliding时,滑行的;流畅的:滑顺的glimpse Iglimps n. de v 一瞥,一看.瞥见（】! caught a glimpse of our new neighbor,我们的新邻居我只呑过 眼”【旬组】catch a glimpse of瞥见（lUjiC glim（灯光）,即像灯）t 闪一瞥见glitter训闪闪发光:闪耀光辉,灿烂【:AB is not gold that glitters. （All that glitters is not gold.）闪闪发光物,未必尽黄金.【助记】g （谐音:哥），litier （垃圾）1哥哥在坨圾堆里发现一枚闪闪发光的钻戒”gkxmy （ glu:mijadj,黑暗的,阴沉的;无望的.令人沮丧的（ 句】VShare prices plunged as a result of the gloomy economic forecas 经济前景暗淡的预测导致股票价格大跌0Being a