2022清华土力学课后习题答案(部分).docx
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1、1-1:已知:则:第一章V=72cm3 m=129.1g ms=121.5g Gs=2.70m-m 129.1-121.5 / .w = = 6.3%ms 121.5m y=pg=-g=m v =-LPsv121.5*10 = 17.9KN/6 3 722.7=45c才72匕=V-K=72-45 = 27cn?y = n = 二 v- o =1.0*27 + 121.5 士/ *10 = 20.6KN / m/ =-yw = 20.6-10 = 10.6kN / m九=宀=二10 = 16.94V/m3V 72皿 7 九 /1-2:已知:Gs=2.72 设 Vs=lcm3ps = 2.12g
2、/ cm ms = 2.12g=g/g=歹g=-p l=16KN/mms +%y = pg= g =1.72.12 + .7 * 1 * 1 , *10 = 20.1KN/m贝/ = y-7w = 20.1-10 = 10.1KN/m3当 S,=75% 时,mw = pHVvSr = 1.0*0.7*75% = 0.525g%0.525 =2.72*0 =屐 / 才1.71-3:Wj=V = 1.70*103*8*104=13.6*107jtgmw =m=13.6 3。7 * 20% = 2.72 * 1 , 依850001.92*10,m+m. 13,6*107 + 2.72*1071-4:
3、甲:I p =叫Wp = 40-25 = 15设K=1则“ =P,*K =2.7g机”.= 2.7 *30% = 0.81g又因为5, =100%m = i = 0.81Pwms + mw 2.7 + 0.81 , .p = - = 1.94g / cm匕+匕 1 + 0.81/ = pg = 19.4KN / Pd =ms=1.48g/cwK+匕 !-816九=4g = 14.8KN/才Ve = J = 0.81匕乙:0 = % 唧=8设=1则叫=孔=2.68gmw = msw = 2.68 * 22% = 0.4796g则匕=0.4796cw3mK +2.68 + 0.4796 . . .
4、 , 3p =亠匕=2.14g / cm3K+%1 + 0.4796= pg = 2.14*10 = 21.4KN/n?Pd =匕+匕2.68 .3=1.848 / cm 1.4796=Pdg = 1.84*10 = 18.4KN/n?e = % = 0.4796匕为乙则(1)、(4)正确GsPw !Pd2.7*11.701 = 0.59S,=也e22% *2,70.59=185%所以该料场的土料不适合筑坝,建议翻晒,使其含水率降低。1-6:(Pd - g/minmaxPd maxPd min)Pd式中 Dr=0.7 pdmM = 1.96g / cmy pdmin = 1.46g /c则可得
5、:=1.78g/c才1-7:设 S=l.则K = S/z = 则压缩后:= VSGS = 2.7 mw = msw= 2.1h* 28%则匕= i = 2.728%Pw匕+匕=2.728% + = 1.95 则 h = Acm11V = 2.0-1.11 = 0.89cmK& 0.89K!.111-8:甲:w-wpw. w P45-2540-25= 1.33流塑状态乙:IL33 wL wp 40 25坚硬(半固态)/ = Wi - w = 15属于粉质粘土(中液限粘质土)乙土较适合作天然地基1-9:A产=史=。.31 1.25属活性粘土0.002乙乙土活动性高,可能为伊利石,及少量的高岭石,工
6、程性质乙土的可能较第二章2-1 解:根据渗流连续原理,流经三种土样的渗透速度v应相等,即=%根据达西定律,得:/=凡强=凡“生 Lb v lchA : Ms :厶 = 1:2:4又A& + 怎 + A/zc = 35cm:.= 5cm, 怎=lOc/n, AAC = 20cmV = kA- = l*lO-icm/s匕川水=V* A*t=O.lcm2-2 解:。2“0761 + e 1 + 0.582-3 解:(1) 土样单位体积所受的渗透, =半=9.8改=6.53可空! = 2 = 1.0551 + e 1 + 0.63而=0.667时,会发生流土破坏,即时人L*=30*1.055 = 31
7、.65cm水头差值为32cm时就可使土样发生流土破坏2-4 解:(1) hA = 6m, hc = 1.5m, hH = += 6.15mrK*i = =3.615kN / m3(2)若要保持水深Im, z = = 0.625 L而 Q = 43 = 20*10*1.5*10-8 *0.625 = 1.875*10%3/5故单位时间内抽水量为1.875 * 106mS/ 52-5:解:PsatG$ +e 7774色上,而旦1 + e1 + e. G +e-(l + e) G +e*= l + e=77r-1 二 又2m粘土 =fr L 33则之1.38故开挖深度为6m时,基坑中水深至少1.38
8、m才能防止发生流土现象2-6:解:(1)地基中渗透流速最大的不为在等势线最密集处,故在第二根流线上=0.267加 Mi A/ (5-l)wAn =N n-16-1AA L0.267 , = 0.40.667 v =)tz = l*103*0.4 = 4*104cn2/50.2672.5= 0.1068则 故地基土处于稳定状态(3)4= MM = MWz = 5*1炉*0.267 = 1.335*10*2/62-7:解:(1) A/ = 3.6m, A/i = = 0.257/w1414q = MAq = MkAh = 6*1.8*10 4 *0.257 = 2.776* 10*/n3 /s =
9、 1.666* 10 2m3 / min(2) i = = -l = -1 = 0.888 49.8,=竺= = 0.514,故,1,不可能发生流土破坏 L 0.5尘=”熒宀73 i 0.514第三章土体中的应计算3-1!解:41.0m:。=%” =1.70*10*3 = 51 。40.0m:00=5i +%H- =51 + (1.90-1.0)*10*1 = 60kpa38.0m: as3 = 42 +/3H3 =60 + (1.85-1.0)*10*2 = 77kpa35.0m: %=% + %/ = 77 + (2.0-1.0)* 10*3 = 107S。 水位降低到35.0m41.0m
10、: (rsi = 5 kpa 40.0m: (ts2 =+2H2 =51 + 1.90*10*1 = lOkpa38.0m:=(js2 += 70 + 1.85*10*1 = 88.5&p。35.0m: er” = crs3 + /4/4 =88.5 + 1.82*10*3 = 143.1。3-2:解:偏心受压: = 0.2/=1 + %)=(1 +咏)=78.4 pmin =6l.6kN由于是中点故爷嶽竽。?z(m)n=z/B均布荷载 p=61.6三角形荷载 P16.8水平附加 应总附加应 (kPa)K0K00. 10. 010. 99961.53840.58.4069.938410. 10
11、. 99761.41520. 4988. 3664069.781620.20. 97860.24480. 4988. 3664068.611240.40. 88154.26960. 4417. 4088061.678460.60. 75646.56960. 3786. 3504052.9280.80. 64239.54720. 3215. 3928044. 941010. 54933.81840.2754. 62038.4384121.20. 47829.44480. 2394.0152033. 46141.40. 4225.8720.213. 528029.42020. 30618. 849
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