小升初英语知识点专项复习专题.词类复习大全.docx
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1、小升初英语知识点专项复习专题.词类复习大全.精品资料介词1. before和after表示时间的先后顺序before表示:在之前after表示:在之后例如:before eight o clock 八点之前 after lunch 午饭后You should wash your hands before supper.The boys often play footbal1 after school.2. over和above表示位置over表示:“在正上方”,强调在某人或某物的正上方,而且两物体表面表面没有接触。above表示:“在上方”,强调位置在某物体的上方,并不一定是正上方,而且两物体
2、表面也没有接触。例如: I saw a wood bridge over the river.Look! Some bieds are flying above the trees.3. under和below表示位置under表示:“在正下方,强调在某物的下方,完全覆盖两物体的表面可以接触也可以不接触。below表示:“在下方”,强调位置低于某参照物,但并不一定是正下方。例如:There is a cat under the table .Our classroom is below theirs .4. between 和 amongbetween表示:(位置、时间、数量等)在之间(两者之
3、间)among表示:在中间(三者或三者以上之间)例如:I often fly between Beijing and Shanghai.Come here between eight and nine o clock.Tom is among the crowd.5. behind 和 in front ofbehind表示:在后面in front of表示:在前面例如:The cat is behind the door.There is a big tree in front of the park.Zhang San sits in front of me and Li Si sits
4、behind me .6. in front of 和 in the front of 的比较in front of表示一定范围外的前面例如:in front of the house房子的前面(在房子外)in the front of 表示一定范围内的前面例如:in the front of the classroom 教室的前面(在教室内)into和out of表示动态的介词,都表示动作方向into表示:从外向里,进来out of:表示由里向外,出去例如:I put the books into my bag.He takes the gift out of the box.7. into
5、和in的比较into表示动态的进入in表示静态的在里面8. up和down表示动态的介词,都表示动作方向up表示:由下向上,向顶上,常与climb等动词连用down表示:由上向下下,沿着往下例如:The monkey cl imbed up the tree quickly.Sit down ,please.9. from 和 tofrom表示起点,“从”来自”例如:He is from China.to表示终点,“到;向;往”,意思和from刚好相反。它前面最常用的动词就是go.例如:Let s go to school.from. to.表示时间时意思是“从到”例如:We have cla
6、sses from Monday to Friday.She did her homework from morning to evening.另外:from. to.也可以用来表示地点,意思仍然是“从到”例如:The train is from Beijing toTianjin .10. across、through 和 alongacross、through表示“穿过”,但是用法有区别across表示人或物从另一个物体表面穿过、跨过,强调从一端到另一端,含有“横穿”的意思,常与street、bridge、raod等名词连用。例如:There is a bridge across the
7、river .Go across the street , and you11 find a school.Through表示从物体内部空间(如森林、隧道、云层等)穿过,“从里面穿过”。例如:We walked through the forestoAlong 表示:沿着,顺着,常与 road street、river 等名词连用。如:Go along the road , and then turn left.介词练习一、选择填空。1、 Class finishes half past nine.A . at B. in C. on D. to2、Class begins at eight
8、o clock. You* d better get to school 8:00.A. at B. in C. on D. before3、You should wash you hands eating, and you shouldn* t exerciseeating .A. at ;at B. in; to C. after;beforeD. before;after4、We have classes 8 am 3 pm every day.A. at, at B. at, to C. until, to D. from, to5、Seven is the number six an
9、d eight.A. in B. between C. among D. at6、Walk down the street and walk the bridge, you will see the shop.A. cross B. at C . through D. across二、把正确答案圈起来。1、 The train leaves (at, in)2:30pm.2、I received a beautiful card from Tom (in, on ) my birthday.3、(From , At)7 to 9(in, before)spring, he often runs
10、 around the playground.4、My brother washed the dishes (at, after)supper.5、Do you preview (预习)lessons (after, before)class?6、When did you arrive (at, on)the bus stop.7、The dog is jumping (on , over) the fence (篱笆)。8、The first astronaut landed on the moon (in, on)1968.9、The train is driving(through, a
11、cross)the tunnel.三、根据中文意思,填写恰当的介词。1、我们房后有棵大树。There is a big tree our house.2、 在这幅画里你能看到什么?What can you see this picture.3、 看!汤姆正站在车站旁。Look!Tom is standing the bus stop.4、 啊,我的袜子在床底下。Aha, my socks are the bed.四、根据中文意思填写介词,把短语补充完整。1跑出房间run the room2 爬上山climb the hill3 穿过隧道drive the tunnel4飞往巴黎的飞机a pla
12、ne flying Paris5走出商店walk the store6沿着这条大街走go this street7走进电梯walk the elevator数词专练数词是表示数量多少或顺序先后的词。分为基数词和序数词。(-)基数词1 .表示数量多少的词是基数词,如:one, two, three等。2 .数词的构成1)从112分别由从one到twelve,12个各不相同的词表示。one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 2)从1319均以后缀-teen结尾。thirteen, fourte
13、en, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen3)从2090的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。表示“几十几”时,个位和十位之间需加连字符。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 43 forty-three4)整百数由19加hundred构成。100 one (a) hundred 500 five hundred5)整百数和整十数之间由and连接,十位与个位之间要加连字符。如果十位数为零,那就在百位和个位之
14、间用and连接。101 one hundred and two245 two hundred and forty- five6)千 thousand 百万 million 十亿 billionExercise:写出下列数字12142040901940060035783056782、序数词序数词表示排列顺序,如first, second, third等。构成规则:1)序数词第一、第二和第三为first, second和third,其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加th。例如:2) fifth(第五)、eigth (第八)、ninth (第九)和twelfth (第十二)在拼法上有变化。 first,
15、 second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth,3)二十、三十等基数词变为序数词时,要把y变成ie再加-th。例如: twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth4)基数词几十几变成序数词时,表示几十的数词不变,只把表示几的基数
16、词变成序数词。例如:twenty-one -* twenty-first forty-five forty-5)第一百、第一千、第一百万、第十亿都是在基数词后直接加构成。例如:第一百-hundredth 第一千第一百万一millionth 第十亿6).序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如:7)序数词前必须加定冠词theThe first time I came to China, I liked it very much.我第一次来中国,我就非常喜欢这个国家。第一总是比第二好。She will choose the third.她将选择第三。Exercise:把下列基
17、数词改成序数词。one two three five nine eight fourteen twentythirty-five3.数词的应用1)时刻的表示法A、表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的oclock5:00读作 five o clock 或 fiveB、半点的表示法表示半点钟时,用钟点数+ thirty或half+ past +钟点数”表示2:30 two thirty / half past two8:30 eighty thirty / half past eightyC、“几点几分”的表示法(1)用“钟点数+分钟数”表示7:10 seven ten 9:40 nine forty(
18、2)分钟数在30分钟以内的,用“分钟数+ past +钟点数”表示,意为“几点过几分“7:10 ten past seven 10:15 fifteen past ten / a quarter past ten(3)分钟数超过30分钟的,用“(60-分钟数)+ to +下一个钟点数”表示,意为“差几分到几点”10:40 twenty to eleven 2:45 fifteen to three / a quarter to threeExercise:用英语表示下列时间10:058:3012:101:155:479:233:5111:496:007:222)编号的表示法编号既可以用序数词,
19、也可用基数词。the tenth lessonLesson Ten 第十课the fiftieth page page 50第五十页有的编号习惯上常用基数词。例如:Room 321(读作 three two one)321号房间Tel. No.4013586(读作 Telephone number four 0 one three five eight six)电话号码3)年、月、日的表示法英语中表示日期的顺序通常为月日年或日月年。1、月、日的表示法“月”用英语中表示月份的名词,“日”用基数词或序数词表示都可以。7月8日 July 8(July eight)/ July 8th ( July
20、the eighth)10月1日 October 1( October one)/ October 1st ( October the first)2、年的表示法1983-nineteen eighty-1601-sixteen and one 或965-nine sixty-five 3、年、月、日的表示法1986年9月1日 September 1st,1986/1st September,19862011年8月8日 August 8,2011/8th August,2011Exercise:用英语表示下列日期11月1号2月0号5月22号9月7号10月3号12月19号四、课堂练习1)根据括号
21、中的数字填写合适的序数词或基数词0M1、Bill is (14) years old , he is in Class (2) Grade (6).2、My birthday is on the (3) of March .3、September is the (9) month in a year .4、Which boy is thinner , the (1) one or the (2) one ?5、 There are (55) students in our class .2)单项选择()1. There aredays in a year.A. three hundred an
22、d sixty five B. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundreds and sixty five D. three hundreds and sixty-five ()2. Danny lives in A. room 404 B. Room 404C.404 room D.404 Room()3. Jim is in .A. class one, grade sixB. grade one, class sixC. Class One, Grade SixD. Grade One, Class Six)4. The bike cost
23、meyuan.A. five hundred fortyB. five hundreds fourtyC. five hundred and fortyD. five hundred fourty)5. My telephone number isA. eighty eight two forty four zero nineB. eight eight two double four 0 nineC. eighty eight two forty-four zero nineD. eight eight twofour four zero nine)6. Is there any foodf
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