大学英语四级考前恶补--语法词汇.docx

《大学英语四级考前恶补--语法词汇.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语四级考前恶补--语法词汇.docx（114页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、大学英语四级考前恶补-卡法词汇Test One集体名词做主语主谓一致1）通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry 等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2）通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made

2、 in China.3）既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如 audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4） a committee, etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to co

3、nsider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。t i red可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。Exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着

4、了。Fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。He felt fatigued and didn5 t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary 语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。Worn out这个词不太正式，多用于口语。The troops were wor

5、n out after winning the battle.战后，部队疲惫不堪。全真模拟试题1. Although Spanish, he attended the course.A. he was knowing B. he is knowingC. having a knowledge of D. knows2. You that letter to James. However, you didnt.A. ought to write B. ought to have writtenC should wri-epshould be writing3, Joseph was very l

6、ucky with his life; almost: did not ge- Ou- of the room A to escape B, fo have escaped pto escaping D. to be escaping4 Bread and buffer liked by westerners. A is B, arepwere D, be5. The back garden of our house contains a lawFvery pleasant to sit on in summer.k. which is B. which it6. He set up in b

7、usinesssuccessful.ispit ispwhere iA, in 卬 ofponpbyhis own and wa7. John, s score on the test is the highest in the class;he last night.A. must study B. should have studiedC. must have studied D. is sure to study8. Frank almost never received any education,?A. would he B. did heC. didn t he D. wouldn

8、 t he9. Even if his letter tomorrow, it too late to do anything.A. will arrive. is B. should arrive. wereC. arrives. will be D. arrives. would be10. We can hear from the back of the room.A. just as good B. just as easyC. just as well D. easily as well11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must app

9、ly two of paint on a clean surface.A. coats B. levels C. times D. courses12. The small mountain village was by the snowfor more than one month.A. cut back B. cut outC. cut off D. cut away13. Miss Green was $100 for driving afterdrinking.A. fined B. charged C. punished D. posed14. Modern perhaps caus

10、es more problems than itsolves.A. technique B. technologyC. tactics D. tendency15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear it when she was trying to goto sleep.A. sounding B. ringing C. ticking D. humming16. Under this pressure some of the rocks evenbecame liquid.A. inten

11、sive B. weighty C. intense D. bulky17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the of them were eventually able to improveupon their former standard of living.A. maximum B. minority C. majority D. minimum18. Nancy was surprised that they have , Theyseemed to be a happy couple.A. s

12、plit up B. broken downC. fallen through D. knocked out19. The beach is in an ideal to draw tourists.A. condition B. situation C. state D. publicity20. Our sensitivity decreases with age. By age60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability to smel1 and 50 percent of their taste buds.A. sensib

13、le B. senselessC. sensitive D. sensory21. The eldest child is thoroughly because theyalways give him whatever he wants.A. wasted B. spoiledC. destroyed D. uneducated22. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may a gas.A. give into B. give overC. give off D. give away23. His manner was so

14、 pleasant that Bol la felt at with him at once.A. peace B. large C. ease D. best24. Can you take the day off tomorrow?一Well, I*11 have to get from my boss.A. permission B. permitC. allowance D. possession25. The in Janet* s character has hindered herfrom advancement in her career.A. weakness B. meri

15、tC. defect D. shortcoming您的得分率为：/25试题答案与解析1. 0【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加a,常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选0。2. B）【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。3. B）【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。【难点】to have escaped是

16、不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。4. A）【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。【难点】bread and butter是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。5. A）【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on构成动宾关系。类似的句子有：This room is comfortable to live in这句中live in和this room构成动宾关系。6. C）【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。【难点】on one, s own是个常用的介词

17、词组，意为“独自；of one s own表示某人自己的（东西）”,如：I have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。7. 0【句意】约翰的考试分数全班最高；他昨天晚上一定学习了。【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用must have done这一句型结构。8. B）【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是？【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。9. C）【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使用将来时。10. C）【句意】我们在房间的后面也能

18、听得很清楚。【难点】as well意为“（程度）同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词 hear; just表示程度，意为“刚好”。11. A）【句意】为获得一个满意的结果，你必须在一个干净的表面上涂两层油漆。【难点】coat意为“覆盖物，层；level意为“（建筑物）楼层“；times 意为次，回；courses意为（一层）砖面；一排”12. C）【句意】这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。【难点】cut back意为削减；缩减”;cut out意为停止；切下”;cutoff意为切断；使隔断；cut away意为切除；砍掉“。13. A）【句意】格林小姐因酒后驾车被罚100美元。【难点】fine意为“处

19、以罚金；charge意为“要（价），收（费），要（人）支付（钱）；punish意为“罚，惩罚”；pose意为“造成，引起（困难）”。14. B）【句意】现代技术所引发的问题也许比它所能解决的要多。【难点】technique意为技法；具体的技术；technology意为“工业技术；tactics意为战术，兵法，策略；tendency意为“倾向”。15. C）【句意】玛丽蹑手蹑脚走过来把钟拿走了，因为她讨厌在自己想睡觉的时候听它滴哒地响。【难点】sound意为“作声，发声，响；ring意为“鸣，发出清脆响亮的声音；tick意为“发出滴哒声”；hum意为“发连续低沉的声音（如蜜蜂、马达的嗡嗡声）”。

20、16. C）【句意】在这种强大的压力下，一些岩石甚至变成了液体。【难点】intensive意为加强的；集中的；weighty意为沉重的；笨重的；intense意为“强烈的，剧烈的；bulky意为“庞大的；粗壮的”。17. C）【句意】当然，大多数移民不是一夜之间就发财的，但是他们大多最终改善了自己的生活水平。【难点】maximum意为最大限量；最高点”；minority意为“少数，半数以下”；majority意为“大多数；minimum意为最低限度，最低点”。18. A）【句意】南希对他们的离婚表示十分惊讶，因为他们似乎是一对快乐的夫妇。【难点】split up意为分裂，离婚”；break d

21、own意为（精神方面）垮掉；（健康）变得衰弱；崩溃”；fa 11 through意为失败；成为泡影；knock out意为“使筋疲力尽”。19. B）【句意】这片海滩所处位置理想，吸引了很多游客。【难点】condition意为状况；形势”；situation意为位置，地点，环境；state意为“状态，情形 publicity意为“公众的注意，名声”。20. D）【句意】我们的感官能力随着年龄的增长而下降。比如说，到60岁的时候，多数人失去了他们40%的嗅觉能力和50%的味觉能力。【难点】sensible意为明智的，合情理的；senseless意为“失去知觉的，不省人事的；sensitive意为

22、敏感的；sensory意为“感觉的，传递感觉的”。21. B）【句意】他们的大孩子被彻底宠坏了，因为他要什么，他们就给什么。【难点】waste意为“使衰弱；使消瘦”；spoil意为宠坏，溺爱“；destroy意为破坏；毁灭；uneducated意为未受（良好）教育的”。22. C）【句意】如果一种物质溶解在水里或被加热，它可能释放出一种气体。【难点】give into为非固定搭配；give over意为“托付，交托”；give off意为“散发”；give away意为“送掉，分发（奖品）等”。23. C）【句意】他那平易近人的风度使得博拉立刻放松了情绪。【难点】at peace意为和平地；a

23、t large意为自由地；大体地；at ease意为不拘束；at best意为至多。24. A）【句意】你明天能休一天吗？呵，我要征得老板的允许。【难点】permission意为允许；permit意为许可证； allowance 意为津贴”；possession 意为拥有”。25. C）【句意】詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业进步。【难点】weakness意为弱点；嗜好”；merit意为优点，长处；defect意为缺点，缺陷；shortcoming意为缺点，短处”。Test Two 关于used to的意义和用法 used to （只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式）表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现

24、已不复存在。例如：He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didif t use to或usedif t to 均可：He didn t use to smoke cigarettes.He usedn t to smoke cigarettes.Didn, t Maria use to be interested in the theatre?Usedn* t Maria to be interested in the theatre?在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：Used you to

25、go to the same school as Edward?Did you use to go to the same school as Edward?近义词辨析use, apply, avail, employ, utilize这组词均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。use强调利用人或物作为工具。He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。Apply指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。We should not only know the theory but also

26、know how to apply it to practice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。I don* t think complaints wi 11 avail you much.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。We avail ourselves of every opportunity to speak English.我们利用一切机会讲英语。employ指使用未被利用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。He doesn t know how to employ his energy and time.他不知道该

27、怎么利用他的精力和时间.utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。She hopes to utilize her artistic talents in the job.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。全真模拟试题1. My pain apparent the moment I walked intothe room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:“Are you feeling all right? A. must be B. must havebeen C. had been D. had

28、to be2. It is only when you nearly lose someone fully conscious of how much you value him.A. do you become B. then you becomeC. that you become D. have you become3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, theatmosphere.A. as it is B. so is C. the same as D. and so is4. While driving along the treac

29、herous road,.A. my right rear tyre blew outB. my right rear tyre had a blowoutC. I had a blownout on my right rear tyreD. I had my right rear tyre blowout5. Jean Wagner* s most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetryis his insistence that it in a religious, aswell as worldly, frame

30、 of reference.A. is to be analysed B. has been analysedC. be analysed D. should have been analysed6. there is little we can do to modify theweather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless7. This organization brought Western artists together in the hop

31、e of making more of an impact on the art community any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought them suffering and poverty.A. anything but B. nothing butC. non

32、e other than D. no more than9. After seemed an endless wait, it was herturn to step into the doctor, s office.A. it B. that C. what D. which10. The board deemed if s urgent that these files right away.A. had to be printed B. should have been printedC. must be printed D. should be printed11. His answ

33、er was so confused that I could hardly make any of it at all.A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. interpretation12. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the of your spectacles need changing.A. lenses B. glasses C. sights D. crystals13. The school committee hoped that their choice of

34、play would be with the students and their parents.A. recognized B. popular C. favorable D. fascinated14. By cutting down trees we the natural homeof birds and animals.A. harm B. hurt C. injure D. damage15. Mr. Robinson knew that the most trivial chore couldprove to be a if approached with enthusiasm

35、.A. prize B. reward C. refund D. bonus16. The trade unions in this industry are anyreduction in wages.A. objecting against B. opposed toC. reacted to D. resisting against17. She was teaching me you would teach ayounger child to speak the language.A. the way B. in the way C. a way D. to the way18. Th

36、e Brownings have not yet and I doubtwhether they will come.A turned in B. turned out C. turned up D. turned to19. We went on a (n)to the mountain yesterday.A. excursion B. trip C. tour D. travel20. When Sarah and I on an article for theschool newspaper, we found it difficult to work together.A. comp

37、iled B. gatheredC. collaborated D. collected21. Beth could her coat because it had largered buttons.A. recognize B. prove C. define D. claim22. Postal are determined by the class andweight of the parcel mailed.A. taxes B. payment C. fees D. premium23. My father is so deaf that he has to use a hearin

38、gA. help B. aid C. support D. tool24. On New Year, s Eve, there will be a firework at People5 s Square.A. display B. performance C. show D. exhibition25. The of beer and alcohol in New Zealand isvery high.A. consumption B. use C. drink D. absorption您的得分率为：/25试题答案与解析1. B）【句意】我刚一走进房间时一定表现得很痛苦，因为我遇到的第一

39、个人同情地问我：“你没事吧?”【难点】must与完成时不定式连用往往表示对过去发生的事情的主观推测，常译成一定是。2. C）【句意】只有当你快要失去什么人时，你才充分意识到他对你是多么重要。【难点】该句是一个典型的强调句式，即It is. that.。3. B）【句意】正像土壤是地球的一部分，大气层也是。【难点】Just as., so.为一固定结构，意为正如也” o4. C）【句意】当我在险峻的山路上驾车急驰时，车的右后胎爆了。【难点】此句为一个带有时间状语从句的主从复合句。在英语中，由while, when等引导的时间状语从句，如果其主语与主句中的主语相同，从句中的主语可以需略，而只剩下分

40、词短语。驾车的应该是人，所以只能从C）和D）选，而D）的意义不符，所以选C）。5. C）【句意】杰恩瓦格那对亚非诗歌最永恒的贡献是他坚持认为，这类诗歌除用凡俗的参考框架，还应用宗教的参考框架进行研究。【难点】insistence是个从insist派生来的名词，二者后面分别接同位语从句和宾语从句，句中皆应使用虚拟形式，即should+动词原形或动词原形。6. 0【句意】尽管我们在改变天气方面无能为力，但我们至少知道天气未来的变化。【难点】while除表示时间外，还可表示转折、让步，意为“尽管，虽然”。该句中其它选项不具备此意。7. 0【句意】该组织把西部艺术家聚集在一起，希望他们比任何个人都能更

41、多地影响艺术界，并由妇女来促进西部艺术。【难点】选项C）的than与句中的more形成正确搭配，意为“比.都”，故为答案。8. B）【句意】但是多年以前瑞士人就发现连年不断的战争给他们带来的只有苦难和贫穷。【难点】nothing but意为仅仅，只不过；anything but意为“除以外的任何事；none other than意为不是别人，正是”; no more than意为“不过，仅仅“。9. C）【句意】在经过一段似乎是漫无边际的等候之后，终于轮到她走进医生的办公室。【难点】在由after引导的介词短语中，what seemed （to be）起定语作用，修饰 an endless w

42、ait.又如：I saw what seemed to be a fox.我看见一个似乎是狐狸的东西。10. D）【句意】董事会认为这些卷宗应立刻打印。【难点】urgent在句中做形式宾语it的补足语，其后的宾语从句应使用虚拟式，即should+动词原形。11. 0【句意】他的答案很不清楚，我根本弄不懂。【难点】sense意为意义；含义”，短语make sense of意为弄懂的意思”；explanation意为“解释，说明，阐述”，侧重说明事件的真相、原因；meaning意为意义，意思；含义“，但不能在make sense of短语中代替sense; interpretation意为解释，说

43、明，阐明“，比较正式。12. A）【句意】你应该每年检查一次自己的眼睛，因为你的眼镜镜片也许需栗更换。【难点】lenses意为镜片；glasses意为眼镜；sights意为“视野；风景”；crystals意为水晶，晶体”。13. B）【句意】校董会希望他们选择的那出剧会受到孩子和家长的欢迎。【难点】popular意为“讨人喜欢的；得人心的；受欢迎的“。 recognized意为被赏识的；受表彰的。favorable意为“赢得赞许的；讨人喜欢的“，但后面不能接with。fascinated意为“被迷住的，被弄得神魂颠倒的”。14. D）【句意】我们砍伐树木的行为损坏了鸟兽的自然家园。【难点】da

44、mage意为“加害于，损伤.”；harm意为“对.有害；hurt意为“疼痛，受伤，（精神上）伤害；injure意为“使受伤”，身体受外力伤害。15. B）【句意】罗宾逊先生知道，如果带着热情去做，最琐碎的家务也能证明是一种报偿。【难点】reward意为报答；奖赏；prize意为奖金，奖品”；refund意为“退款”；bonus意为“奖金，红利”。16. B）【句意】该行业工会反对降低工资。【难点】be opposed to意为反对，对抗；object against不常用；react to意为“作出反应，反应；resist不与against连用。17. A）【句意】她教我那门语言的方式简直就象

45、在教一个小孩说话。【难点】the way后接从句，意为以方式。in the way意为“妨碍（某人）“）,a way和to the way不是固定搭配。18. C）【句意】勃朗宁一家人还没露面，我怀疑他们会不会来。【难点】turn up意为出现，露面；turn in意为归还，递交”；turn out意为原来是，证明是；turn to意为“求助于；求教于“ o19. A）【句意】昨天我们到那座山里进行了一次远足观光。【难点】excursion意为远足，短途旅行；trip意为旅游出行；行程”；tour意为“游历；观光；travel意为“（长途）旅行”。20. C）【句意】当我和萨拉为校报合作一篇文

46、章时，我们发现彳牌在一起工作。【难点】collaborate意为合作，合著；compile意为汇集；编辑”;gather意为聚会，集会；collect意为收集；集合”.21. A）【句意】贝丝能认出自己的大衣，因为她的大衣上有红色的大钮扣。【难点】recognize意为“认出，识别；prove意为证明，证实；define意为“下定义；claim意为“认领；索取”.22. C）【句意】邮资是根据所邮包裹的等级和重量来定的。【难点】fee意为“费（如会费，入场费，手续费等）”；tax意为税，税款;payment意为支付，付款；premium意为“津贴；酬金”。23. B）【句意】我父亲耳聋得厉害，不得不使用助听器。【难点】aid意为“辅助器具；help意为帮助；support意为“支持；tool意为“工具”24. A）【句意】新年除夕，人民广场将举行焰火表演。【难点】display意为展示性表演；performance意为文艺演出；表演；show意为展览；展览会；exhibition也是展览会”，属销售性质。25. A）【句意】在新西兰，啤酒和白酒的消费量很大。【难点