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1、第一讲元音2第二讲辅音15第三讲代词错误!未定义书签。第四讲名词37第五讲数词46第六讲一般现在时(一)53第七讲一般现在时(二)59第八讲现在进行时66第九讲句型转换71第十讲初级写作81学大教育新初一暑期课程综合测试87词汇分类附录92课题第一讲:元音教学目标学习20个元音重点难点1、掌握20个元音2、能拼读音标,能通过拼读音标学会读单词,提高自学英语单词的能力。第一节音标概述及长元音意标就是记录音素的符号,是音素的标写符号。它的制定原则是:一个音素只用一个音标表示,一个音标只表示一个音素。如汉语拼音字母、英语的韦氏音标和国际音标等。狭义上的音标意思就是指英语音标。本套教材所提到的“音标都
2、是指英语国际音标首先我们来看下音标的常用分类的形式。分类一:单元音(12个):元音长元音:i:a:3:u:b:短元音:ieaeA9uD双元音(8个):aiei19suuaaueadi辅音清辅音(11个):ptkfs0JI tstjtrh浊辅音(15个):bdgvzd3dzdjdr1rmnrj半元音(2个):wj分类二:元音:前元音:中元音:a3:后元音:a:ub:uu:双元音:eiaiauauoiibeaua辅音:爆破音:/b/p/g/k/d/t/鼻音:/m/ Ini / g /边音/I/半元音:/W/j/因为这几个音标中有/的音。摩擦音:/f/ M /s/z/J7/s/d/h/r/破擦音:W
3、 /dr/tr/本次学习我们将元音按照笫一种分类方法来学习,辅音将按两种分法结合来学习。【知识梳理】长元音:/a:/,/:/,/a:/,/i:/./u:/a:/1.发音要领:/a:/为长元音,舌端离开下齿,舌后部略抬高,口张开,开口最大,唇形自然略成圆形。发音诀窍:类似发汉语啊,尽量张大嘴,比啊张嘴幅度大很多,然后发声即可2,单词举例辅音+元音:/k/+/a:/=/ka:/(car 小汽车)元音+辅音:/a:/+/k/=/a:k/(Ark 方舟)辅音+元音+辅音:/h/+/a:/+/t/=/ ha:t/(heart 心脏)3.规则总结ar: start,far, carda: pass, an
4、sweral: halfer: clerkM1 .发音要领:/):/为长元音;舌端离开下齿,舌后部抬高,唇形较圆,向前突出。发音诀窍:类似发汉语的喔,园唇突出,舌头自然垂放,想公鸡一样,震动声带发出喔声即可。2 .单词举例:辅音+元音:/f/+/3:/=/f d:/(four 四)元音+辅音:/):/+/t/=/):t/(ought 应该)辅音+元音+辅音:/b/+/D:/+/d/=/b3:d/(board 板)3 .规则总结or: horse, shortou: thought, boughta: water, alwaysal: walkau:caughtaw: law, dawnore:
5、 more, beforeoor: door, floorour: four/a:/1 .发音要领:/a:/为长元音,舌端离开下齿,舌中部抬高,唇形扁平,向左右略微拉开。发音诀窍:像汉语的饿音,注意不要发得太短。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/s/+/9:/=/sa:/(sir 先生)元音+辅音:/a:/+/e/=/a:6/(earth 地球)辅音+元音+辅音:/t/+/e:/+/m/=/t e:m/(term 学期)3 .规则总结ir: dirtyer: heror: workur: furear: heard, learn/i:/1 .发音要领:注意/i:/为长音,舌端靠近下齿,舌前部抬高,但
6、不接触上齿龈,唇形扁平,接近闭口 O发音诀窍:就像照相时我们喊茄子一样,用英语就喊cheese”,因为这个词中的/i:/发音时,嘴角向两侧拉伸,像微笑。2 .单词举例:辅音+元音:/s/+/i:/=/si:/(see 看见)元音+辅音:/i:/+/t/=/i:t/(eat 吃)辅音+元音+辅音:/n/+/i:/+/d/=/ni:d/(need 需要)3 .规则总结1: police, machineea: sea, leaveei: receive, deceite: she, eve, eveningee: sweet, meetie: believe, thief/u:/1 .发音要领:/
7、u:/为长元音,舌端离开下齿:舌后部抬高;唇形尽量收缩得小而圆并且向前突出。发音诀窍:嘴唇撅起,圆而突,音拉长。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/t/+/u:/=/tu:/(too 也,太)元音+辅音:/ u:/+/z/=/u:z/(ooze 渗出)辅音+元音+辅音:/g/+/u:/+/s/=/gu:s/(goose 鹅)3 .规则总结o: who, dooo: moon, noon, coolou: youth, throughu: ruleoe:shoeew: flewui: fruitue: blue, true【例题精讲】/a:/ half past ten 十点半/a:/ turn blu
8、e 变蓝/:/ short or tall 矮或高/i:/ eat meat 吃肉/u:/ too few 太少的【巩固练习】一、朗读下列音标/i:/i:t/pi:k/bi:d/di:d/u:/fu:d/ku:l/pu:l/tu:l/:/no:t/to:n/fo:k/main/a:/da:k/ka:m/ba:n/ga:d/a:/be:d/te:n/0a:d/na:s/二、字母组合的发音,/i:/ee - sleepbee/i:/ea - teachercheap/a:/arcarpark/u:/.oo - toomoon三、根据所给的单元音音标,朗读下面的词组,/i:/ the deep sl
9、eep酣睡green tree/a:/ the third world第三世界the early bird绿树早到者/u:/ the blue roof蓝色的屋顶a cool pool一个清凉的水池/:/ a small ball一个小球more and more越来越多/a:/ a dark park一个阴暗的公园start a car发动汽车第二节短元音【知识梳理】/ae/1 .发音要领:注意/美/为短元音:舌端靠近下齿;舌前部抬高,略高于/e/的舌位;唇形扁平,但开口比/e/略大,可容纳食指和中指发音诀窍:/史/是四个前元音中开口最大的音,嘴咧得像在傻笑。2 .单词举例:辅音+元音:/f
10、/+/ae/=/fae /元音+辅音:/ae/+/z/=/aez/(as 像)辅音+元音+辅音:/k/+/ae/+/t/=/kaet/(cat 猫)3 .发音规则:a: habit, flagat: plaid /e/1 .发音要领:注意/e/为短元音;舌端靠近下齿:舌前部抬高,略高于/i/的舌位,唇形扁平,但开口比/i/略大,可容纳一个食指尖。发音诀窍:有点像轻轻地应声哎2 .单词举例:辅音+元音:/l/+/e/=/le/元音+辅音:/e/+/g/=/eg/(egg 蛋)辅音+元音+辅音:/b/+/e/W=/bet/(bet打赌)a: many, any, ai: saidue: guest
11、3 .规则总结 e:bedz get, let ea: head, weather, bread ie: friend/i/1 .发音要领:注意/i/为短元音;舌端靠近下齿;舌前部抬高看,略高于的舌位;唇形扁平,但开口比/i:/略大,可容纳一个小指尖。发音诀窍:从/i/出发,收腹,发音短促,就像军训时报数喊一O2 .单词举例:元音+辅音:/i/+/z/=/iz/(is 是)辅音+元音+辅音:/b/+/i/+/t/=/bit/(bit 一点儿)3 .规则总结1: pig, film, kicky: gym, copy, pitye: expect, goodness, carelessa: ca
12、bbageo: womeneiforeignui: buildingey: money1 .发音要领:注意/为短元音,舌端离开下齿,舌身尽量降低,后缩,舌后部抬高;双唇稍稍收圆,开口大。发音诀窍:从/):/音发起,舌后部抬的比/:/略低,口型比/0:/稍大,音短促。2 .单词举例元音+辅音:/o/+/d/=/od/(odd奇怪的)辅音+元音+辅音:/l/+/o/+/t/=/lot/(lot 许多)3 .规则总结o: job, knocka: wash, what ou: coughow: knowledge au: because/A/1 .发音要领:/八/为短元音,舌后部的靠钱部分稍抬起,舌
13、端两侧触下齿,唇形扁平,放松发音诀窍:像发汉语啊音,双唇向两旁平伸,但张口不大,声音短促。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/m/+/A/=/mA/元音+辅音:/ A/+/s/=/As/(US我们)辅音+元音+辅音:/k/+/A/+/p/=/kAp/(cup 杯子)1.规则总结u: upo: love, moneyoo: bloodou: young/u/1 .发音要领:/u/为短元音,舌端离开下齿,舌身收缩,舌后部抬高,双唇自然收圆稍向前突出。发音诀窍:上下唇稍微撅起,形成的气孔要比发/U:/时大些。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/t/+/u/=/tu/(to 对,向)辅音+元音+辅音:/f/+/u/+
14、/t/=/fut/(foot 脚)3 .规则总结oo: hood, hookput: put, pull, full oul: would, should o: woman【例题精讲】一、读出下列音标。第一组/i:/i:t/pi:k/bi:d/di:d/i/it/pik/bid/did/e/et/pek/bed/ded/ae/set/paek/bad/daed/第二组/u:/fu:d/ku:l/pu:l/tu:l/u/fut/kuk/put/tuk/o:/no:t/to:n/fo:k/mo:n/o/not/top/fond/mop/第三组/a:/dark/ka:m/ba:n/ga:d/A/dA
15、k/kAm/bAn/gAn/8:/b9:d/te:n/na:s/e/biga/sista/mi:ta/ti:tfa/【巩固练习】1、字母组合的发音。/i:/ ee -sleepbee/i:/ea - teachercheap/e/ ea headbread/a:/ar -carpark/u:/.00toomoon/u/00-lookbook2,根据所给的单元音音标,朗读下面的词组。/i/a thick stick一根粗的棍子a silver lid一个银盖子/e/a red dress一件红衣服the next step下一步fres h eggs鲜蛋/ae/a black hat一顶黑礼帽t
16、he happy dad快乐的爸爸 catch a cat捉猫/9/a clever waiter一位聪明的侍者the correct answer正确的答案/u/a good cook一个好厨师have a look看一看on food步行full moon满月/O/a hot pot一个火锅a soft knock轻轻的叩门声a watch shop一家表店lock the box锁上箱子/盒子Wa Sunday club星期日俱乐部some luck 一些运气much honey 许多蜂蜜第三节双元音8个双元音/ei/ai/su/us/au/oi/i a/es/双元音的发音要领是:前长后
17、短前重后轻【知识梳理】一、/au/,/au/au/1 .发音要领:双元音,舌位由低向高滑动,唇形由扁平偏园到略园发音诀窍:先发/。/,下颗稍向上抬起,自然向/u/滑动,不到/U/,即告发音完成,中间无停顿:双唇由扁平收圆2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/t/+/9u/=/t 9u/ toe 脚趾)元音+辅音:/ su/+/n/=/ aun/(own 拥有)辅音+元音+辅音:/n/+/au/+/z/=/nauz/(nose 鼻子)3 .规则总结o: go, soow: know, snow oa: loak, boatou: thoughoe: toeew: sew (缝,缝纫)/au/1 .发音要领
18、:先发/a:/,双唇收起,自然向/u/滑动,不到/u/,即告发音完成,中间无停顿,双唇收圆,舌后部稍稍抬起。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/c/+/ au /=/cau/(cow 奶牛)元音+辅音:/au/+/t=/aut/(out外面的)辅音+元音+辅音:/d/+/au/+/n/=/daun/(down 向下)3 .规则总结ow: allowz nowou: mouth, ground./ei/,/ai/,/oi/ei/1 .发音要领:/ei/为双元音,先发/e/,下颗迅速向上合拢,自然向/i/滑动,不到/i/,中间无停顿。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/s/+/ei /=/sei/(say 说)元
19、音+辅音:/ ei/+/k/=/eik/(ache 疼)辅音+元音+辅音:/f/+/ ei/+/s/=/feis/(face 脸)3 .规则总结a: make, same ay: pay, way, mayai: waitei: eightea: greatey: they/ai/1 .发音规则:双元音,先发/a:/,下颗迅速向上合拢,自然向/i/滑动,不到/i/。像说汉语我爱你的“爱”,但嘴要张大到不能再大。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/h/+/ai/=/hai/(high 高)元音+辅音:/ai/+/s/=/ais/(ice 冰)辅音+元音+辅音:/n/+/ai/+/t/=/nait/(ni
20、ght 夜晚)3 .规则总结y: fly, cryi: niceigh: high, lightie: lieei: eitheruy: buy/Oi/1 .发音要领:双元音,先发/Oi/,下颗迅速向上合拢,自然向/i/滑动,不到/i/,中间无停顿。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/t/+/ Oi /=/toi /(high 高)元音+辅音:/0i/+/l/=/0il/(ice 冰)辅音+元音+辅音:/k/+/oi/+/n/=/koin/(night 夜晚)3 .规则总结oy: toy, joyoi: spoil三/ia/,/ea/,/ua/io/1 .发音要领:双元音,唇形由边跑那个到圆形,成自然
21、状态。先发/i/,快速自然向/a/滑动,中间无停顿。2 .单词举例:辅音+元音:/n/+/i e/=/ni e/(near 近的)元音+辅音:/i s/+/s/=/i az/(ears耳朵(复数)辅音+元音+辅音:/p/+/i e/+/s/=/pi as/(pierce 穿透)3 .规则总结e: periodea: reallyear: hear; clear ia: materialeer: peerere: hereiou: serious/ea/1 .发音要领:双元音,唇形由扁平到自然。先发/e/,快速自然向/a/滑动。2 .单词举例辅音+元音:/w/+/e e/=/we 9/(wear
22、 穿,戴)元音+辅音:/ea/+/z/=/eaz/(airs复数,架子)辅音+元音+辅音:/fl/+/e 9/+/z/=/deez/(theirs 他们的)3 .规则总结a: area are: spare ear: pear, wearair: pair ere: thereeir: their/ua/1 .发音要领:双元音,舌位由高相抵滑动,唇形由圆形到扁平自然。先发/u/,快速自然向历/滑动。2 .单词举例辅音十元音:/p/+/u e/=/pu 9/(poor 贫穷的)元音+辅音:/u a/+/d/=/u ad/辅音+元音+辅音:/g/+/ua/+/d/=/guad/(gourd 葫芦)
23、3.规则总结oor: poorua: usualour: toururexureur: curious【例题精讲】一.词组练习(注意连读)down town 商业中心make a choice 做选择thousands of数以千计的a good idea一个好主意make way 让路here and there 到处a quiet life平静的生活during the day 在白天二、辨音练习1./ au/-/ a:/bone-burntone-turn coal-curl2./au/-/o:/shout-shorthouse-horsedown-dawnnow- nor3./ei/-
24、/e/late- letsail-sell wait- wet4./oi/-/o:/coil- calltoil-tall oil-all5./i a/-/e Q/fear- fairsheer-share6./u a/-/e a/sure- share tour-tearpoor-pair【巩固练习】/ei/字母组合:ea ay aia great day一个伟大的日子the same way同样的方法the late train晚班车take place发生wait in the rain在雨中等候/ai/字母组合:igh a bright smile a kind writer five
25、 librariesind快乐的笑容一位和善的作家五个图书馆a tired child quite right一个疲倦的孩子很对/非常正确/ai/字母组合:oy the boy/s voice make a choice boil the oiloi男孩的声音选择熬油the boiling point full of joy沸点充满了欢乐/au/字母组合:ouowa loud sound响声a brown house一幢棕色的房子shout out喊起来found the cow找牛thousands of flowers 千万朵花/au/字母组合:oaowa cold stove冷却的炉子t
26、he slow boat慢驶的船below zero在零下no hope没有希望roses in the snow雪中玫瑰/is/字母组合:eaearfair hair金发take care小心a queer idea奇怪的念头cheerful tears快乐的眼泪from ear to ear列着嘴/e。/字母组合:air ear are ererepair the chair修椅子share a pear分梨here and there到处/各处a real hero一位真正的英雄near the theatre 在剧院附近/ua/字母组合:ourure oora tour to Euro
27、pe到欧洲的旅行make sure确认/弄清楚rich and poor贫富【课外拓展】一、单词辨音(选出读音不同的一项)()1. A. tableB. grapeC. danceD. plate()2. A. clockB. coldC. coffeeD. hot()3. A. touchB. houseC. blouseD. out()4. A. fortyB. workerC. horseD. sports()5. A. hatsB. shirtsC. sweetsD. birds()6. A. houseB. outC. mouseD. touch()7. A. workB. turn
28、C. purseD. Saturday()8. A. fortyB. doctorC. horseD. morning()9. A. thinkB. thisC. birthdayD. three()10. A. kitesB. skirtsC. boatsD. birds()11. A. nowB. knowC. howD. towel()12. A. stampB. planC. blackD. date()13. A. theseB. legC. leftD. friend()14. A. fineB. milkC. writeD. mine()15. A. agoB. closeC.
29、clockD. home二、找出下列单词划线部分的发音与所给音标相同的单词A. answerB. alongC. cameraA.cookB. coolc. goodA. knowB. snowC. cowA. earlyB. concertC. peopleA. everythingB. planC. numberA. slowB. envelopesC. orangesu:/aui:/e/z/三、找出与所给单词划线部分读音相同的单词:()1. bookA. roomB. schoolC .lookD. afternoon()2. foodA. spoonB. cookC.goodD .fo
30、otball()3. boxA. gloveB hotC. noseD. come()4. motherA. orangeB. shopC. someD .doll()5. cakeA. glassB. after C. class D. plate()6. bathroomi A. danceB. planeC. tapeD. table()7. backA. grandfather B. anyC. station D. make()8. liveA. fineB. lightC. violin D. ice-cream()9. howA. followB. windowC. nowD.
31、bowl()10. bearA. nearB. pearC. dearD.year()11. bedA. heB. sheC. yellow D. these()12. weA. letB. vestC. redD. Chinese()13. oldA. shopB. sofaC. hotD. lovely()14. trueA. blueB. cupC. lunchD. umbrella()15. plusA. JuneB. JulyC. ruler D. hurry()16. LondonA. watermelonB. sonC. colour D. come()17. tomorrow
32、A. townB. cowC. growD. brown()18. fineA. EnglishB. thank C. canD. mango()19.teaA. breadB. headC. sweater D. eat()20. studentA. studyB. subjectC. supermarket D. sunny精品课程课题第二讲:辅音教学目标学习28个辅音重点难点1、掌握28个辅音2、能拼读音标,能通过拼读音标学会读单词,提高自学英语单词的能力。第一节:爆破音、摩擦音(1)【知识梳理】朗读下面28个辅音音标。爆破音:/b/p/g/k/d/t/鼻音:/m/n/q/边音/I/半元
33、音:/W/)/因为这几个音标中有/a/的音。摩擦音:/f/v/s/z/J7/3/0/5/h/r/破擦音:/M /如/is/|f/dr/tr/其中浊辅音发音时声带振动,而轻辅音发音时声带不振动。清浊辅音对:(发音方法和发音部位相同)一、爆破音/P/和1 .发音要领:/p/和/b/发音部位和发音方法相同:双唇紧闭,气流由双唇冲出,声带不振动,发出/p/,如果气流在口腔滞留,伴随声带振动,发出/b/发音诀窍:/P/像发汉语中的颇,但没有后面的韵母,/b/像发汉语中的波,同样没有韵母的音2 .多音节划分picture=pic /pic/+ ture/tfa/=/pictJa/(picture 图画)r
34、ubbish=rub/,rA/+bish /biJ/=/rAbiJ/(rubbish 垃圾)3 .规则总结/p/: police, apple/b/: bite, rabbit/t/和/d/发音要领:/t/和/d/发音部位和发音方法相同:舌尖接触上齿龈,然后舌尖突然离开上齿龈,气流由舌尖和上齿龈之间冲出,发出爆破音。/t/清辅音,声带不振动,发音送气。/”浊辅音,声带振动。发音诀窍:/t/像发汉语中的“特,但没有后面的e音。/d/像发汉语中的德,同样没有后面的e音。2.多音节划分terrific= ter/ta/+ri/ri/+fic/fik/=/tQrifik/(terrific 很棒的)d
35、ivide= di/di/+ vide/vaid/=/divaid/(divide 划分)4 .规则总结/t/: twin, little, asked/d/: doctor, wedding, played/k/和/g/1.发音要领:/k/和/g/发音部位和发音方法相同:舌后部隆起紧贴软腭,然后舌后部突然离开软腭,气流由舌后部和软腭之间冲出,发出爆破音。/k/清辅音,声带不振动,发音送气。/g/浊辅音,声带振动,发音不送气。发音诀窍:/k/像发汉语中的科”但是没有后面的e音/g/像发汉语中的歌,同样没有后面的e音多音节划分technique=tech/tek/+nique/ni:k/=/te
36、kni:k/(technique 技术)grammar=gram/ grae/+ mar/ma/=/ graems/(grammar 语法)3.规则总结/k/: kind, cost, account, technique, quick, liquor /g/: gate, guard, egg二、摩擦音(1)/”和/v/1 .发音要领:/f/和/v/发音部位和发音方法相同:上齿放于下齿上,气流从下齿下唇间缝隙通过,上齿下唇摩擦成音。/f/清辅音,声带不振动,/V/浊辅音,声带振动。/f/音与汉语夫相似,但上齿下唇不能分开,必须摩擦声音,好似咬下唇,而且/f/音不含元音/u/./v/音与汉语屋
37、”相似,但上齿下唇不能分开,必须摩擦声音且声带振动。2 .多音节划分enough=e/i/+nough/nAf/=/inAf/(enough 足够的)even=e/i:/+ven/v9n/=/i:van/(even 甚至)3 .规则总结/f/: forever, physics, puff, laugh/v/: drive/。/和/1 .发音要领:这两个音发音部位和发音方法相同:舌尖放在上下齿之间,轻触上齿的下边缘,气流从上齿和舌尖之间缝隙流出,上齿和舌尖摩擦成音。/。/清辅音,声带不振动,发音送气。/引浊辅音,声带振动。2 .多音节划分thirteen=thir/,09:/+teen/ti:
38、n/=/09:ti:n/(thirteen 十三)although=al/o:l/+though/-5au/=/ oJSau/(although 虽然)3 .规则总结/0/: three/6/: the/s/和/z/发音要领:这两个音发音部位和发音方法相同:舌尖靠近下齿龈,气流从下齿龈和舌尖之间缝隙流出,下齿龈和舌尖摩擦成音。/S/清辅音,声带不振动,发音送气。/Z/浊辅音,声带振动,发音。多音节划分Sunday=sun/sAn/+day/di/=/sAndi/(Sunday 周日)zebra= ze/zi:/+bra/br9/=/zi:bra/(zebra 斑马)规则总结/s/: city,
39、 same, kiss, face, science/z/: cars, zoo, buzz/J7和/3/1 .发音要领:/J7和/3/发音部位和发音方法相同:舌前端接近上齿龈,舌身向上抬向硬腭,气流从舌和硬腭及上齿龈之间缝隙流出,舌前端和硬腭摩擦成音。/清辅音,声带不振动,发音送气。/3/浊辅音,声带振动。发音诀窍:发/。时,舌平,双唇略向前突起,并稍收圆,好似生气撅嘴。/3/发音时,与/相同,声带振动。2 .辨音练习/I/-/3/cash- casual relation- regime commission-conclusion3 .规则总结/ 3 /: garage, division
40、, pleasure/ J /: she, relation, Asia, sure, ancient【例题精讲】1、根据所给音标朗读下列单词。/p/-ppenmappeople/b/-bbedblackbaby/t/-ttenTomthat/d/-ddayreadwindowccapcomecup/k/ kKateweekworkerckbackcockclock-ggetbaggas/m/-mnamegamemake/n/-nottennetnurse2、根据所给音标朗读下列单词/f7-fforknifefifteen/v/-Vhaveoverseven/s/ ssitbusstudent
41、cnicepencilcity/z/ zzoozerohandssnoseroseplease/J7 ThsheepshipEnglishIzl -susually rju:3uoli/通常【巩固练习】1、朗读下面的单词,注意爆破音的发音。/p/pageup向上页plane 飞机post邮寄lamp 灯/ b / bothlab两者都实验室beat打club俱乐部baby婴儿/t/teach教ticket 票taste*write写sit坐rest休息/d/date日期die死亡dust灰尘friend朋友head 头kind和善的/k/key talk钥匙谈话kill杀死cook烧/煮king国王/g/goat山羊gas气gun抢2、/f/Megg蛋dig挖朗读下面的单词,注意单词中摩擦音的发音。face脸field田地fit 合适knife刀thief贼enough足够的voice说话声visit访问view 见解/景物starve 挨饿leg腿move移动live住/S/say说seat座位sorry对不起perhaps也许pass传
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