新视野第三册1-8单元SectionB答案讲解.docx

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1、complex cultural forces contemporary life come to grips with谋求和谐一致共识L22由下而上L22私人企业L24政府部门L24失败,成为泡影L32要求具体决策L38落后L42金融与证券业L49交易单流通堵塞L51对质量的真正关心L58必要时L59采取措施L61改变成L65愿意努力L66Key To ExercisesUnit 1 Section BII CBDDADACIII 1. hollow 2. considerate 3. rival 4. elastic 5. paralleling6 . inspire 7. manipul

2、ate 8. acknowledged 9. soaring lO.respectiveIV 1. on 2. apart 3. with 4. along 5. on 6. into 7. of 8. between 9. up lO.ofUnit 2 Section BII DBDCACAAIII 1.implying plicated 3.obstacle 4.exhibited 5.possess7 .multiplied 7.equip 8.speculate 9.concentrating 10. strengthenIV 1 applied to 2 In response to

3、 3 is associated with4 in contrast to 5 in the same way that 6 attributed to7 go through 8 engage in9 benefited greatly from10 stems fromUnit 3 Section BCultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-Making日本与西方决策方式中的文化差异练习:看看汉语怎么说?复杂的文化因素 L2现代生活L3着手解决（问题）或对付（挑战）L3analyze the direction-taking

4、 or decision-making process 分析取向或决策过程L5对峙局面L17a confrontation situationL21reduce confrontation and achieve harmany 减少对峙, consensus opinion1. bottom-up direction2. private enterprises government ministries fall throughpress for a specific decisionlag behindfinance and securities the paper traffic jam

5、 sincere concern for quality in a pinch take measuresconvert toa willingness to exert oneselfDetailed Study of the Text (17 key points)1. complex (Para 1):a.1)复合的,复杂的听题The company has a very complex organization structure.2) difficult to understand or explain 难以理解的,复杂的听题一 She has a very complex pers

6、onality and sometimes I feel I don*t know her at all.她个性复杂,有时我觉得根本无法理解她.看题问题如此复杂时.不能指望有简单的解决方法.You cant expect to find a simple solution when the problem is so complex.n.1) a group or set of things, esp. buildings, designed for a particular purposee.g. a shopping complex 购物中心a sports complex 体育馆2) a

7、 mental problem that causes sb. to worry or be upset about sth.e.g. an inferiority complex 自卑情结2. grip (Para 1) n.1) C the force to contro! 控制,支配听题 The enemies have tightened their grip on the city.敌人已经加强了他们对这座城市的控制。看题总统牢牢控制着国家的外交政策。The president keeps a firm grip on his countrys foreign policy.2) C

8、 a firm hold of sth.紧寵,抓牢听题The thief would not let go his grip on my handbag.小偷抓住我的手提包不放。看题那个登山者手一松,摔了下去。Fhe climber relaxed her grip and fell.vt3) take and keep a firm hold of (sthJsb.)握紧,抓牢听题The baby gripped my finger with her tiny hand.这个婴兀用她的小手抓紧我的手指。看题恐惧占据了他的心。Fear gripped his heart.4) seize th

9、e attention, imagination, etc. of (sb.)吸引的注意力或想像力等听题The book gripped my attention.这本书引起了我的注意。看题从这部电影开始的那一刻起我就被它吸引住了。I was gripped by the film from the moment it e to grips with: start dealing with (a problem, etc.)in an effective way着手解决问题听题The government is still trying to come to grips with inflat

10、ion. 政府还在 努力解决通货膨胀的问题。3. superior (Para 3)a. 1) better, stronger, etc. than sb./sth. else 优于,强于听题 She is greatly superior to her husband in education and sensitivity. 她比 她丈夫受过更多的教育,也更敏感。2) better than average 优良的,卓越的听题We chose her for the job because she was superior.我们选她做这份工作是因为她很优秀。看题我们学校提供优质教育。Ou

11、r school provides a superior education.3) higher in rank 上级的听题Ill report you to your superior class.我要向你的上级告你!n. C a person of higher rank, esp. in a job 上级, 上司看题哈利斯托克斯是公司总裁,也是我的顶头上司The company president, and my immediate superior, is Harry Stokes.4. inferior (Para 3):a. lower in rank, social positi

12、on, importance, quality, etc. 级别低的,社会地位低的;次要的,次等的,听题He preferred the company of those who were intellectually inferior to him.他喜欢与才智上不如他的人为伍。看题一便宜没好货。Cheaper goods are generally of inferior quality.n. C a person of lower rank, esp. in a job 下级,下属听题 It was a gentlemans duty to be always polite, even

13、to his inferiors.绅士理应有礼貌,即使是对比自己地位低的人。看题如果你想要下属尊敬你,你得先尊重他们If you want to get respect from your inferiors, you have to respect them first.5. set up (Para 5): cause or produce 造成,产生听题This wet weather sets up the ache in my oldwound.这种潮湿的天气使我感到旧伤疼痛。看题华尔街股市的暴跌引起了全世界股市的连锁反应The sudden fall on Wall Street

14、set up a chain reaction in stock markets around the world.6. consensus (Para 7):n. C, U (usu. sing.) generally accepted opinion or decision among a group of people共同看法,(意见等的)一致看题一办公室成员一致认为他在工作中碌碌无为。The consensus in the office is that hes useless at his job.听题here is no consensus among the experts on

15、 some foods. Advice changes depending on whom you listen to.专家们对某些食物的看法并不一致。各有各的说法,要看你听谁的。7. be true of (Para 7): be valid, relevant, or applicable to 听题The same is true of all other cases.其他情形也都这样。看题我承认婚姻没有了浪漫,但也肯定,许多夫妇都这样。I accept that the romance may have gone out of the marriage, but surely this

16、 is true of many couples.注意 be true to: be loyal toe.g. David was true to his wife,大卫忠于自己的妻子。 She has been true to her word. 她没有食言。8. consult (Para 8)vt. 1) go to sb. for information, advice, etc.请教,咨询,找商量听题Pm going to consult my best friend on the matter.听题 Have you consulted your doctor about your

17、 illness?2) go to a book, etc. for information 查阅,查看听题Most of my students are able to consult English dictionaries for unknown words.我的大部分学生能够用英语词典查找生词consult: vi. exchange opinion, information, etc,交换意见,商议听题He consulted with his partners before taking action.他行动前和合伙人进行了协商。9. fall through (Para 10):

18、 fail to be completed; come to nothing 失败,成为泡影 听题Our holiday plans fell through because of transport strikes.由于交通系统罢,我们的休假计划成了泡影。看题该计划耗资过于巨大,结果落空了。The plan fell through when it proved too costly.10. press for (Para 11): make repeated and urgent requests for 反复请求,紧急要 求听题 The unions are pressing for i

19、mproved working conditions.工会一再要求改誨工作条件。看题一新闻记者未断催促政府提供详细情况。The newspaper reporters have been pressing the government for more details.11. lag behind (Para 12): move, advance or develop slowly; fall behind 走得慢, 落后听题ln steel production, they lag behind the rest of Europe.他们在钢铁产量方面落后于欧洲其他国家。看题他为了抽烟故意落

20、在后面。He deliberately lagged behind so he could have a cigarette.12. sophisticated (Para 15)a. 1) complicated复杂的,尖端的听题the sophisticated communication systems复杂的交流体系看题我不会操作这种新的精密机器。I cant work this sophisticated new machine.2)世故的,老练的,精通的Sophisticated readers understood the book*s hidden meaning.老练的读者理解

21、了这本书隐含的含义。看题她的谈话表明她是个世故的人Her conversation showed her to be very sophisticated.13. in a pinch (Para 16):if necessary but with some difficulty 注意(AmericanEnglish. In British English we have at a pinch.)必要时听题.一 We really need three but we could manage with two at a pinch. 我们确 实需要三个,但必要时两个也可以应付.看题在紧要关头我

22、可以借钱给你。I can lend you money in a pinch.14. convert to (Para 17): change to or use sth. else听题People as they grow older often convert to new ways of thinking.随着年龄增长,人们常常改变思维方式。Difficulties were caused when Britain converted to a decimal money system.当英国改用十进制货币体系时,出现了许多困难。看题电能很容易地变成其他形式的能源吗?Does elect

23、ricity convert easily to other forms of power?15. dismiss (Para 17): vt.1) remove sb. from a position 解雇,开除听题 She was dismissed from her job for breaking the company safety regulations.He was dismissed for refusing to obey orders.2)放弃(想法、感情等),不再考虑听题 He tried without success to dismiss the memory of

24、her from his thoughts. 他试图把她忘掉,但做不到。看题打消你头脑中的那些念头一都是些疯狂的想法,不值得考虑。Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind they*re crazy and not worth thinking about.3) send away解散,遣散听题The teacher dismissed her class early.16. provided (Para 17): conj. on the condition or understanding that 如果,假若 听题He says he*ll g

25、o traveling provided you do too.他说要是你也去旅游的话,他就去。看题只要他们合适,我看不出为何他们不应再打四五年。Provided that they are fit I see no reason why they shouldn t go on playing for another four or five years.17. exert (Para 17): vt.1) make an effort努力,用力,尽力听题Shell have to exert herself more than she does now if she wants to su

26、cceed in sales.要想在销售方面成功,她将不得不加倍努力。exert oneself: make an effort听题They get so absorbed that they don t realize how much theyre exerting themselves.他们太专心致志了,以至未认识到自己是多么努力。看题她不必费劲就能以13秒的成绩跑完100米。She can run 100 meters in 13 seconds without exerting herself.看题Please donDetailed Study of the Text： ( 33

27、key points)l.Mary Engelbreit was a talented but struggling artist in her mid-twenties when she flew to New York from her native Saint Louis, hoping to find work illustrating childrens books her lifes goal. (Para. 1)Meaning: When she flew to New York from her native land Saint Louis, Mary Engelbreit

28、was a talented young artist who tried hard to succeed. Her hope at that time was to find work making pictures for childrens books. That was also her lifes goal. saint: n. a very good or holy person who is given special respect after death by the Christian church如:听题 一My girlfriend must be a bit of a

29、 saint to put up with me,我的女朋友必 须像个圣人才能忍受我。Please note that when it is used as a title, saint is written with at exert yourself, I can carry some things too.请你别累坏 了， 我也可以扛些东西。2)运用(能力或技巧),发挥听题Parents exert a powerful influence on their childrens opinions.家长对孩子们的观点影响很大Unit 3 Section BII DACABABAIII 1

30、exert 2 analyzed 3 differ 4 consult 5 discarded6 volume7 delicate 8 convert 9 dismissed 10 flexibleIV 1. in, from 2. on3. to4. behind 5. From, to 6. between, up7. for8. to9. from 10. throughUnit 4 Section B: Engelbreif s the Name, Cute Is My Game恩格尔布赖特是我的名字,可爱是我的招牌课前练习:看看英语怎么说?拒绝某人 turn Sb. down改变某人

31、的一生transform ones life并非偶然Its probably no accident that.个穿工作裤的女孩a young girl in overalls关注with an eye to.个说话尖刻的女人a woman with an acid tongue美味的食物comfort food不操心dont bother with sth.以投入到生活plunge into ones life as.表达对的感激express ones gratitude for.一次去的倒霉之旅a ill-fated trip to.某人脚踏实地ones feet are planted

32、 firmly on the ground在多方面有起色take off in many directionscapital letter, e.g Saint John. In the names of places, churches, etc., the short form St. is usually used, e.g. St. Andrews Church.2. when all the book publishers she visited turned her down. (Para. 1)Meaning: . when all the book publishers she

33、 had been to refused to employ her. turn sb./sth. down: refuse to accept sb./sth.如:听题Why was I turned down for the job?为什么不接受我做这项工作?Im afraid your request for a pay rise was turned down again. 恐 怕你要求加工资的请求又被拒绝了。3. One even suggested her drawings might be better suited to greeting cards. (Para. 1)Mea

34、ning: One of the publishers even told her that her pictures were more suitable for greeting cards. be suited to: be suitable for sb./ sth.如:听题 Do you think David is suited to teaching?你认为大卫适合教书吗?Jim and Mary seem suited to each other, in spite of their quarrels. 吉姆和玛丽似乎是天生的对,尽管他们会吵架。Some people are

35、simply not suited to the competitive world. 有些 人就是不适合这个竞争的世界。4. I was crushed”,Engelbreit admits. (Para. 2)Meaning: I was badly upset,“ Engelbreit admits, (or ”My heart was broken/* Engelbreit admits.) crush: vt. 1) press sth. very hard so that it is broken如:听题 Dont pack the cakes at the bottom of t

36、he box or theyll get crushed,不要 把糕饼放在盒底,否则会压碎的。Their car was crushed by a truck,他们的车被辆卡车压坏了。 2) upset or shock sb. badly如:听题 He has almost been crushed by failures.他几乎被失败击垮了。His hopes were crushed by the chairmans remarks, 主席的一席 话使他的希望破灭了。 3) defeat sb. or sth. completely如:听题 They were determined to

37、 crush the enemies of their country.他们决心 击败与祖国为敌的人。The rebellion was crushed by the government forces. 政附军队已 把叛乱镇压下去。5. Greeting cards seemed a come-down from her high expectations, but the advice stayed with her, and she decided to give it a try. (Para. 2)Meaning: She didnt expect to draw greeting

38、cards at all for she had aimed very high, but in spite of the disappointment, she took the advice and decided to have a try at greeting cards. come-down: n. (also comedown) loss of importance or social position; a fall or reduction如: 听题 一She used to have servants: now she finds it a come-down to hav

39、e to do the work herself.她过去雇有佣人,现在她得自己干活,觉得很委 屈。6. The results transformed her life forever. (Para. 2)Meaning: As a result, she achieved such great success in greeting cards that it changed her life forever, (or The results of her trying were so wonderful that they changed her life forever.)7. Toda

40、y Mary Engelbreit sells an astonishing 14 million greeting cards a year. (Para. 3)Meaning: Today Mary Engelbreit sells 14 million greeting cards a year, which is a surprising figure. astonish: vt. surprise sb. greatly如:听题 Her dedication constantly astonishes me.她的尽心尽力往往令我吃惊。She astonished everybody

41、by announcing her engagement.她宣 布自己订婚了,让大家非常吃惊。They were astonished to find the driver was a six-year-old boy. 他 们吃惊地发现,司机竟然是个六岁的男孩。 astonishing: a. surprising如:听题astonishing news令人惊奇的消息an astonishing display of physical strength 令人惊奇的体力展示It*s astonishing; hes learned Latin in three months!真是令人吃惊,他竟

42、然只用三个月就学会了拉丁语。8. She runs a retail company with shops in nine cities (16 more are planned), and her products are carried by 25,000 retailers. (Para. 3)Meaning: She runs a company that sells goods to the public. The company has its shops in nine cities (and is planning to have another 16 shops). reta

43、il: n. the activity of selling goods to the public, usu. in small quantities如:听题 the recommended retail price建议零售价Retail sales grew just 3.8 percent last year.零售额去年仅增长 了 3.8%The opposite of retail is wholesale.零售的反义词是批发。9. Annual retail sales are in the $100 million range all as a result of that fat

44、eful, disappointing trip to New York. (Para. 3)Meaning: The range of retail sales per year is about $100 million. All this results from that important trip to New York that disappointed her at first. annual: a. 1) for the period of one year如:听题 The annual death rate in the United States is 11 %.美国人口

45、的年死亡 率为千分之H、。Whats your annual income?你的年收入是多少? 2) happening or done once a year or every year如:听题 Next week, shell begin her annual trip to Paris,下星期,她将开始一年 一度的巴黎之行。the annual ring (树木的)年轮10. Once you know Engelbreifs distinctive style,. (Para. 4) distinctive: a. that distinguishes sth. by making i

46、t different from others; clearly different from others and therefore easy to recognize如:听题 the soldiers wearing their distinctive red berets 戴着醒目的红色贝雷帽 的士兵His voice was very distinctive.他的声音很特别。Compare: distinct: a.1) different in kind; separateThose two ideas must be kept distinct from one another.

47、必须把那两种思想区分开。 His hobbies are quite distinct from his work.他的业余爱好同他的工作性质截然不 同。2) easily heard, seen, felt or understood; definiteThere has been a distinct improvement in your work recently.近来你的工作有明显 改进。The book is divided into two distinct parts.这书分成明显的两部分。Now that Tony was no longer present, there was a distinct change in her attitude. 托 尼不在场了,她的态度就有了明显的变化。I had the distinct i