新视野大学英语综合技能训练第四册Unit10.docx

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1、Unit 10Part I WritingA,四、六级作文记叙类模板（混合类:记叙+原因）1 .写作流程给出时间、地点和大体事件。描述事件,紧扣时间线索。从两方面进行原因分析。2 .经典模版Outline: 1.车祸发生的时间及地点。2 .你所见到的车祸情况。3 .你对车祸原因的分析。An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic AccidentOn June 12, 2003,1 witnessed an accident on Zhengli Road on my way to the university.It was around two oclock in

2、the afternoon and I was riding my bicycle. Hardly had I got to a major crossroads when the green traffic light flashed, so I stopped. The traffic light soon turned red, but a middle-aged man, also riding a bicycle, passed me on my left and decided to take a risk. To my surprise, he was followed by t

3、wo or three people. It was most unlucky for the man who first rushed out to be hit by a taxi running at full speed. With a harsh sound of the emergency brake, the car stopped but the man fell down, groaning and bleeding. The red light was still on at that moment.In my eyes, the major responsibility

4、for this accident was on the bicycle-rider. It was because he had violated the traffic regulation that the accident took place. The taxi driver is also to blame if he had slowed down at the crossroads, the consequence would not have been serious at all.【结构点评】本文属于记叙文。大家只要扣紧提纲来写就可以了,先描述时间、地点、事件, 这是记叙文

5、的明显特征,而后解释其原因,这部分带有说明文的性质。本文共分三段:第一段点出事情发生的时间与地点,非常简洁,又呼应了题目。第二段第 句点出具体时间和我正在做的事情（用过去进行时表示）,第二句是以否定词开头的倒装句。 第三段是分析事件原因。B.范文An Eye-Witness Account of a FireOn September 21, 2003, I witnessed a fire accident on 刀wngyan Road on my way to the supermarket.It was around five oclock in the afternoon and th

6、e wind was so strong. Hardly had I got to a major crossroads when I heard people shouting fire, fire“，and I stopped. A two-storied house across the street was on fire, and I dialed 119 quickly. The fire brigade came immediately and brought the situation under control quickly. The fire was put out ha

7、lf an hour later, and no serious damage was done.In my eyes, the major responsibility for this accident was not human-related. It was because of the aged-wire that the accident took place. The weather is also to blameif the wind had not been so strong, the consequence would not have been so serious.

8、Part II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）New Words and Expressionsaffiliate: v. adopt or take指（会社团体）收（人）为会员congregation: .集合,人群,尤指参加宗教仪式的会众denomination: .尤指给予阶级和教派的名称brochure: .小册子curriculum: .学校所开的课程tenure: .（官职之）保有laureate: .桂冠诗人prevailing: .最常有的,最普通的，流行的perpetuate: v. preserve from be

9、ing forgotten or from going out of use 使氷存，使不被遗忘dreadto:艮惧,害怕clergyman: .正式任命的牧师endowment: .捐助preeminent:。.超群的,最好的,优秀的disciplinary:的.训练的,纪律的,惩罚的，学科的merger: .吞并,合并,联合组织vitalite:.给予生命力,赋予活力charter:.给予特权embark:.开始,从事【短文大意】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了哈佛大学的建立和早期发展历史,以及它的概况和地 位。比如,美国有几位总统都毕业于哈佛,这就足以说明哈佛大学的重要性和它的地位。另外 文中又

10、提到哈佛的几位校长的主要功绩,让我们对哈佛有了更多的了解。1 .【答案与详解】N。细节题。根据本文“ The Early History of Harvard University”部分第二段: 美国历史上有七位总统毕业于哈佛大学,但没有林肯,故不对。2 .【答案与详解】细节题。根据本文“The Early History of Harvard Universityn部分第三段: John Harvard去世前把他的图书馆和一半的家产都留给了这个刚刚建立两年的学府,故称为 哈佛学院。3 .【答案与详解】Yo细节题。根据New Schools and New Houses”部分第段第一句:The

11、 1708 election of John Leverett, the first president who was not also a clergyman, marked a turning of the College toward intellectual independence from Purianism. ”,可知 John Leverett 之所以能 使Harvard College摆脱清教哲学的束缚就是因为他是该学府第一位不是牧师的校长。4 .【答案与详解】Y。主旨题。根据本文“New Schools and New Houses”部分第二段可知:Eliot 在哈佛任职

12、。根据第三段It was under Eliofs watch that Radcliffe College was established.M 可知:Radcliffe College是在他的任职期间建立的。根据第四段”.the foundation of a college for women to President Eliot可知在Eliot任哈佛校长时,Radcliffe女子学院得以建立。5 .【答案与详解】No细节题。根据本文uNew Schools and New Houses,部分第六段第一句: “One of LowelPs most significant accompli

13、shments was the House Plan, which provides undergraduates with a small-college atmosphere within the larger university.可见: House Plan 是在Lowell在职期间取得的成就,而不是James Bryant Conant6 .【答案与详解】丫。细节题。根据本文“ Recent History”部分第三段第一句:“Someofthe important educational initiatives Bok undertook include: reform of th

14、e undergraduate course of study through the innovative Core Curriculum.，conducted 与 undertook 是同义词替换。7 .【答案与详解】Y。细节题。根据本文“ Recent History”部分第四段最后一句：为了促进校 际间的交流 Neil L. Rudenstine 校长合并了 Radcliffe College 和 Harvard,建立了 Radcliffe Institute of Advanced Study 8 .【答案与详解】1636。根据本文“The Early History of Harv

15、ard University”部分第一段第一 句 Harvard University, which celebrated its 350th anniversary in 1986, is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.可知 Harvard University 建 T* 1636 年,与 1986 年相 距350年。9 .【答案与详解】tutorial。根据本文“ New Schools and New Houses”部分第五段最后一句:“ The tutorial system, also i

16、ntroduced by Lowell and still a distinctive feature of Harvard University, offers undergraduates informal specialized instruction in their fields.”,由 Lowell 弓I进的 tutorial system依然是哈佛大学的特色,这种体制很灵活地给大学生们提供了专业上的指导。10 .【答案与详解】Conant 根据本文“Recent History”部分第一段最后一句:And it was under Conant, in 1943, that Ha

17、rvard and Radcliffe signed an agreement allowing women students into Harvard classrooms for the first time.”，1943 年，Harvard 和 Radcliffe 在 Conant 的帮助下达成 了协议,首次允许女性进入哈佛。Part III Listening ComprehensionA.答案与详解Section A11 .【答案与详解】Ao本题重点是听懂女士的话,她用到了虚拟语气,题眼是两个短语“in shape”（状态良好）和“in time”的理解,故A为正确答案。12 .【答

18、案与详解】Do女士用到了表建议的常用句型“Why not”,关键为听懂“opening”空 缺,即建议男士去咖啡厅做兼职,由此可知D为正确答案。13 .【答案与详解】Co解题关键是听懂“I cant wait till John gets back.”表明了女上一肚子怨 气。由此可知C为正确答案。14 .【答案与详解】Ao解题关键是听懂“be straightened out”（解决），而且前面的“there must be a problem with the computing system也能帮助理解,由此可知A为正确答案。15 .【答案与详解】B。男士用到了表请求的典型句型“Do yo

19、u think I could.”,题眼是“retype”， 故B为正确答案。16 .【答案与详解】Ao本题题眼是“notuntil”,男士说他的课程要到8号才结束,因此旅 行计划很可能要变化一下,由此可知A为正确答案。17 .【答案与详解】D。本题题眼是两个短语“closing date”（开始日期）,与“ opening date” （结 朿日期）,上周二开始申请,还有一个月时间,即现在申请并不晚,由此可知D为正确答 案。18 .【答案与详解】Co本题题眼是短语“turn things around”,这里男士是说污染状况会有所改 善,由此可知C为正确答案。19 .【答案与详解】B。男士在

20、回答女式提问时说到“itsellsmanydifferentkindsoffood”,诲 B 选项意义完全一致,由此可知B为正确答案。20 .【答案与详解】Ao 男士在回答问题时说到“ It looks like an Egyptian building from 4,000 years ago”,所以A为正确答案。21 .【答案与详解】Do 男 士在对话中说 “Harrods produces i s own electricity .70%.enough for a smalltown”,与D项内容基本一致,故D为正确答案。22 .【答案与详解Bo 对话中当女士问 “How many cu

21、stomers do you have on an average day?”， 男 士 回答 “About 30, 000 people come on an average day” 一致,由此可知 B 为正确答案。23 .【答案与详解】Co 对话中男士说 “The last time I saw you, you were looking for a job”,这与 C 项 “Thinking about doing a different job” 一致, 故 C 为正确答案。24 .【答案与详解】Ao根据对话女士感到松一口气的原因是“It （a promotion） finally

22、came through M,可SL A为最佳选项。25 .【答案与详解】Bo当男士提到他正在筹备婚礼,女士对此表示很惊讶“No, you said you，d never get marriedn,所以男士改变永不结婚的决定令女士感到意外,由此可知B为正确答 案。Section BPassage One【短文大意】本文主要介绍了一种新兴的水上交通工具一摩托艇。同时摩托艇的广泛使用也带 来了一些问题,如不合理驾驶摩托艇所导致的伤亡事件及对周边水域环境的影响等。因此作 者呼吁应进步明确摩托艇使用规则。26 .【答案与详解】Do 本文开头提到了 “Nowadays, speedy, colorfu

23、l water scooters are gaining in popularity. They can travel anywhere a small boat can and particularly popular with young people”，gaining in popularity 和 popular with young people 都印证了 D 选项的内容。27 .【答案与详解】Ao 文中提到“ Many water scooter operators are inexperienced and ignorant of navigational rules, whic

24、h increase the potential for accidents 円见 u lack of experience n 是原 因之一,由此可知A为正确答案。28 .【答案与详解】Bo 5中 擬 “In addition to . they are proving to be an environmental nuisance. Beach residents complain of the noise of the scooters ”（摩托艇也危害环境）,接下来近一步解 释“Beach residents complain of the noise of the scooters（

25、海边居民投诉摩托艇噪音），由此 可知B为正确答案。29 .【答案与详解】Do 文中提到“ Regulations such as minimum operating age, restricted operating areas and compulsory classes in water safety, are essential并进步强调 u Without such regulations, tragedies involving water scooters are sure to multiply, which makes many beaches unsafe for recre

26、ation”（没有这些规定与摩托艇相关的悲剧就会增加,令很多海滨不宜度假），由此可知D为正确答案。Passage Two【短文大意】本文描述了今昔美国人邻里关系的转变。邻居之间之间不再像传统的邻里关系那 样亲密,转而变得冷漠而距离感清晰,人们也似乎更习惯于在彼此间保持一定的距离。30 .【答案与详解】Do 文中开始就提到It seems to me that neighbors are going out of style in AmericaM 接着又说Some of the traditional stories of neighborliness are impractical or s

27、illy and maybe just as well that our relations with our neighbors are changing”(传统的睦邻友好的故 事变得不现实或很傻,邻里间的关系正在改变),由此可知D为正确答案。31 .【答案与详解】Bo文中很清楚地解释了所问的问題“Fewer than half the people in the United States live in the same house they lived in five years ago. So there is no reason to love the people who liv

28、e next door to you, just because they happen to wander into a real estate office that listed the place next door to yours(不到一半的美国人五年内住在同一所房子里,所以没理由去 爱那个住在你旁边房子的人,他只是凑巧走进了 一个房屋交易所,住进了你旁边的屋子)， 由此可知B为正确答案。32 .【答案与详解】Co 文中提到The best relationship with neighbors is one of friendly distance”， (与邻居最好的关系就是保持

29、个友好的距离),由此可知C为正确答案。Passage Three【短文大意】本文关注了美国初、高中辍学问题。文章指出初、高中辍学问题由来已久,无论 初中还是高中校方都尝试了使用各种方法来留住学生,然而这些学校的顾问、教师和管理人 员的努力是远远不够的,事实上每个人都应该更多地关注初、高中辍学问题。33 .【答案与详解】Do 文中Coupled with this fact is the warning that soon we will no longer have a work force to fill the many jobs that require properly educate

30、d personnel ”(伴随这现象的是， 现实在向我们发出警报:不久我们很多需要受过教育的人来做的岗位将缺乏劳动),由此 可知D为正确答案。34 .【答案与详解】Bo可用排除法,只有选项B能从文中第一句话“Articles in magazines and newspapers and special reports .reflect the concern of many Americans about the increasing drop-out rate in our junior and senior high schools” 找到佐证,由此可知 B 为正确答案35 .【答案与

31、详解】Co 文中Strategies to motivate students in a high school include rewarding academic excellence by designating scholars of the month, or by issuing articles of clothing, such as school letter jackets formerly given only to athletes”(为了 激励学生, 高中采取 了 设立月度 奖学金,发印有学校标示的夹克衫等措施来奖励那些优秀的学业成绩,这些夹克衫一般只 正式赠送给运动

32、员),由此可知C为正确答案。Section CIm interested in the criminal justice system of our country. It seems to me that something has to be done, if were to (36) survive as a country. I certainly dont know what the answers to our problems are. Things certainly get (37) complicated in a hurry when you get into them,

33、 but I wonder if something couldnt be done to deal with some of these problems. One thing Im concerned about is our practice of putting (38) offenders in jail who havent harmed anyone. Why not work out some system (39) whereby they can pay back the debts they owe society instead of (40) incurring an

34、other debt by going to prison and, of course, coming under the (41) influence of course, coming under the influence of hardened criminals. Im also concerned about he short prison sentences people are (42) serving for serious crimes. Of course one alternative to this is to (43) restore capital punish

35、ment, but Im not sure I would be for that. Im not sure its right to take an eye. (44) The alternative to capital punishment is longer sentences but they would certainly cost the taxpayers much money. I also think we must do something about the insanity plea. In my opinion, anyone who takes another p

36、ersons life intentionally is insane; however, (45) that does not mean that the person isnt guilty of he crime or that he shouldnt pay society the debt he owes. Its sad, of course, that a person may have to spend the rest of his life, or (46) a large part of it in prison for acts that he committed wh

37、ile not in full control of his mind.B. Script of Unit 7Section A11. M: Good news, Im not going to have surgery after all. The doctor says I can start working out again soon and maybe play football like before in a few weeks.W: Thas terrific. It would be great if you could get back in shape in time f

38、or the World Cup.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?12. M: I really need to make some extra money. You know Ive practically spent my entire budget for this semester.W: Why not check out the new cafeteria at Market Street? 1 think there are still a few openings suitable for seniors like you.Q:

39、 What does the woman suggest the man do?13. M: I hear John left his cat in your care while hes on vacation abroad. How are you getting along with it?W: Well, it never comes when I call it. It spills its food and sheds all over the place. I cant wait till John gets back.Q: How does the woman find the

40、 cat?14. W: Hello, Professor White, I got my grade in the mail this morning, but I think there might be a mistake in my mark.M: Yeah, Ive got several calls just like yours. There must be a problem with the computing system. It should be straightened out in a couple of hours.Q: What does the man mean

41、?15. M: Professor Johnson, last night when I was putting the finishing touches on my paper, a computer failure completely wiped out my files, do you think I can have another day to retype it?W: Im sorry, Rod. Im leaving for a conference tomorrow and Ill be away two weeks. I suppose you could send me

42、 an E-copy.Q: Why does the man say he cant submit his assignment on time?16. W: I just called the travel agency, its all set. On June 1 st, we are heading for the mountains and will be camping there for a whole week.M: Have you checked the academic calendar? My classes arent over until the 8th.Q: Wh

43、at does the man imply?17. W: I thought there was still time for me to apply for a student loan. But someone just told me that the closing date was last Tuesday.M: Are you sure? I thought we still had another month. Wait, Ive got a brochure right here. Last Tuesday was the opening date.Q: What does t

44、he man imply?18. W: Look at all the pollutants going into the air from those factories. Do you think theyll ever get that under control?M: Now with the new laws in effect and social awareness increasing, we are sure to turn things round.Q: What does the man mean?Now youll hear two long conversations

45、.Conversation OneW: Tell me, Peter, what makes Harrods so famous?M: Well, its the biggest department store in the UK. And its food hall and the Egyptian hall are very famous. People come to Harrods just to see them.W: What is special about the food hall?M: It sells many different kinds of food. For

46、example, it has 250 kinds of cheese from all over the world and more than 180 kinds of bread. Customers also love all the different kinds of chocolate. They buy a hundred tons every year.W: Thats amazing! And why is the Egyptian hall so famous?M: Well, when people see it, they feel they are in anoth

47、er world. It looks like in Egyptian building from 4,000 years ago. And it sells beautiful objects. They are not 4,000 years old, of course.W: Is it true that Harrods produces its own electricity?M: Yes, it does. 70%, enough for a small town. To light the outside of the building, we use 11,500 light

48、bulbs.W: Really? Tell me, how many customers do you have on an average day? And how much do they spend?M: About 30,000 people come on an average day. But during the sales, the number increases to 300,000 customers a day. How much do they spent? Well, on average, customers spend about 1.5 million pounds a day. The record for one day is nine million pounds.W: Nine million pounds in one day?M: Yes, on the first day of the January sales.W: Harrods says it sells everything to everybody, everywhere. Is that really true?M: Oh, yes.