新视野大学英语课文第三册.docx

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1、Unit 1AMy brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born.Since then, my life revolved around my brothers.Accompanying my growing up was always go out and play and take your brother with you.I couldnt go anywhere wi

2、thout him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun.My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put on a belt.My father, a saint, simply held the house together with his patience and understanding.I was in charge outside

3、 where I administered justice by tracking down the parents of the kids who picked on my brother, and telling on them.My father and Jimmy were inseparable.They ate breakfast together and on weekdays drove off to the navy shipping center every morning where they both worked-Jimmy unloaded color-coded

4、boxes.At night after dinner, they would talk and play games late into the evening.They even whistled the same tunes.So when my father died of a heart attack in 1991, Jimmy was a wreck, beneath his careful disguise.He was simply in disbelief.Usually very agreeable, he now quit speaking altogether and

5、 no amount of words could penetrate the vacant expression he wore on his face.I hired someone to live with him and drive him to work, but no matter how much I tried to make things stay the same, even Jimmy grasped that the world hed known was gone. One day I asked, You miss Dad, dont you?His lips qu

6、ivered and then he asked, What do you think, Margaret? He was my best friend.Our tears began to flow.My mother died of lung cancer six months later and I alone was left to look after Jimmy.He didnt adjust to going to work without my father right away, so he came and lived with me in New York City fo

7、r a while.He went wherever I went and seemed to adjust pretty well.Still, Jimmy longed to live in my parents house and work at his old job and I pledged to help him return.Eventually, I was able to work it out.He has lived there for 11 years now with many different caretakers and blossomed on his ow

8、n.He has become essential to the neighborhood.When you have any mail to be picked up or your dog needs walking, he is your man.My mother was right, of course: It was possible to have a home with room for both his limitations and my ambitions.In fact, caring for someone who loves as deeply and apprec

9、iates my efforts as much as Jimmy does has enriched my life more than anything else ever could have.This hit home a few days after the September 11th disaster on Jimmys 57th birthday.I had a party for him in my home in New York, but none of our family could join us because travel was difficult and t

10、hey were still reckoning with the sheer terror the disaster had brought.I called on my faithful friends to help make it a merry and festive occasion, ignoring the fact that most of them were emotionally drained and exhausted.Instead of the customary No gifts, please, I shouted, Gifts! Please!My frie

11、ndspeople Jimmy had come to know over the yearsbrought the ideal presents: country music CDs, a sweatshirt, one leather belt with J-l-M-M-Y on it, a knitted wool hat and a cowboy costume.The evening led up to the gifts and then the chocolate cake from his favorite bakery, and of course the ceremony

12、wasnt complete without the singing.A thousand times Jimmy asked, Is it time for the cake yet?After dinner and the gifts Jimmy could no longer be restrained.He anxiously waited for the candles to be lit and then blew them out with one long breath as we all sang Happy Birthday.Jimmy wasnt satisfied wi

13、th our effort, though.He jumped up on the chair and stood erect pointing both index fingers into the air to conduct us and yelled, One. more. time!We sang with all of the energy left in our souls and when we were finished he put both his thumbs up and shouted, That was super!We had wanted to let him

14、 know that no matter how difficult things got in the world, there would always be people who cared about him.We ended up reminding ourselves instead.For Jimmy, the love with which we sang was a welcome bonus, but mostly he had just wanted to see everyone else happy again.Just as my fathers death had

15、 changed Jimmys world overnight, September 11th changed our lives; the world wed known was gone.But, as we sang for Jimmy and held each other tight afterward praying for peace around the world, we were reminded that the constant love and support of our friends and family would get us through whateve

16、r life might present.The simplicity with which Jimmy had reconciled everything for us should not have been surprising.There had never been any limitations to what Jimmys love could accomplish.UnitIBIt was an autumn night in my native Nova Scotia.A light rain was falling, making tapping sounds on the

17、 tin roof and the smell of mould filled the old lodge we were vacationing in for the weekend.A shiver in the air inspired a fire on the Franklin stove.We were all sipping hot chocolate and then my father went over to the upright piano, pushed up the sleeves of his shirt and began picking out a tune

18、with one finger.He was not much of a pianist, but he knew the love of song and family.My mother put down her sewing and joined him on the bench and then my brother drifted to the piano as well.Finally, a poor singer and so usually a violinist instead, I added my voice for a line or two.My father, ev

19、er considerate, said, See, you can sing, darling. That was good.I have often remembered how warm, happy and loved I felt growing up.It took me years, though, to learn that the love in our family didnt just happen.In fact, love never just happensnot even to people who seem as naturally loving as my m

20、other and father.But, I would hedge to bet, there is a framework you must live within to let this gift that has no rivals mature.First, love needs time.Perhaps people can recognize in a moment the possibility for love, and make grand declarations such as I love you within weeks of having met, but th

21、is love is comparable to the beginning of a long road up a mountain with many ups and downs.Mature love is like a living organism.It parallels the life of an oak tree, growing slowly from a seed in the mud to a slender trunk with barely any leaves and finally into its sheltering glory.We cannot mani

22、pulate or speed up the amount of years it needs to grow, but must instead, with wit and patience, appreciate one anothers differences and share one anothers joys and pains over time.So it is sad when divorces are caused by small provocations, when parents and children give up on one another, when fr

23、iendships fall apart at the first injury, when we give up on love.Too often we say farewell to someone we have loved without due thought and end up paying an emotional toll that is quite costly.I once knew a father and son who, saddled with their respective troubles in life, had drawn so far apart o

24、ver the years that they found little to say to each other.And, without each other, their lives had become hollow.The son, just out of college, had planned to spend the summer traveling in an old yellow lorry on the two-lane highways that connected the country together before freeways.One day, when h

25、e was nearly ready to leave, he spotted his father approaching on a busy street and was struck by a singular loneliness in that long familiar face.He invited him to stop for a beer.Then on impulse, he said, Dad, come along. Lets spend a summer together.At great risk to the family business, the fathe

26、r, a furniture salesman, went along with his son.Together they camped, climbed mountains, sat by the sea and explored city streets and sleepy villages.I learned more about being a father in the last two months than in all my sons 21 years, the father told me shortly after their trip.Everyones life s

27、hould have room for loves worth risking sizable pieces of time we think we cant spare.We should not mislead ourselves into thinking that the ones we love must be like us.The key is to recognize and appreciate our differences.Those differences provide the mystery and wonder of human relationships.Lov

28、e needs another, harder-to-find quality as well, the ability to let go.In the early years of my marriage, I had faulty notions that my husband should want to be with me all the time.On our first visit to his familys house, I discovered that the men did things together and the women did the same.My f

29、ather-in-law stole my place next to my husband in the front seat of the car, and the two of them often went out together, leaving me with the women.I complained and made my husband miserable, caught as he was between the people he loved.My mother-in-law said wisely, Being with his father is one part

30、 of his life; being with you is another. Be happy about both of them.I learned that love is like an elastic band that must stretch apart before it pulls you back close to one another.It is a coming tide whose waters retreat a little after a single wave, but the next one is closer to your heart than

31、the one before.Finally, love needs words to make it real.Without words, quarrels cant be resolved and we lose the power to share the meaning of our lives.The important thing is to acknowledge and express our feelings.In this way, we can truly send the spirits of those we love as well as our own soar

32、ing upwards.Love is not a single act, but a lifetime adventure in which we are always learning, discovering, growing.It is neither destroyed by a single failure nor won by a single kiss.It can only be achieved through patience and understanding.Unit 2ASports medicine experts have observed for years

33、that endurance athletes, particularly females, frequently have iron deficiencies.Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of

34、 moderate exercise showed evidence of iron loss, says Roseanne M. Lyle, associate professor at Purdue.Her study of 62 formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.Women who consumed additional meat

35、 or took iron supplements were able to bounce back, she notes.But the new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels.Iron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively.But the

36、 ratio is even greater among active women, affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes.This means, Lyle says, that too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in.Women of childbearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss.Plus, many

37、health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency.The average woman t

38、akes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance of iron, notes another expert.For a woman who already has a poor iron status, any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency, notes the expert.Exercise can result in iron loss thr

39、ough a variety of mechanisms.Some iron is lost in sweat, and, for unknown reasons, intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system.Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet lea

40、k blood.There are three stages of iron deficiency.The first and most common is having low iron reserves, a condition that typically has no symptoms.Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in the second stage of deficiency, when not enough iron is present to form the molecules of blood prote

41、in that transport oxygen to the working muscles.In the third and final stage, people often feel weak, tired, and out of breathand exercise performance is severely compromised.People think that if theyre not at the third stage, nothing is wrong, but thats not true, says John L. Beard, who helped desi

42、gn the Purdue study.Youre not in stage 3 until your iron reserves go to zero, and if you wait until that point, youre in trouble.However, most people with low iron reserves dont know they have a deficiency, because traditional methods of calculating the amount of iron in blood (by checking levels of

43、 the blood protein that transports oxygen) are not sufficient, Beard states.Instead, its important to check levels of a different compound, which indicate the amount of storage of iron in the blood.While active, childbearing age women are most likely to have low iron stores, he notes, Men are not sa

44、fe, especially if they dont eat meat and have a high level of physical activity.(An estimated 15 percent of male long distance runners have low iron stores.) Beard and other experts say its advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.If iron levels a

45、re low, talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying your diet or by taking supplements.In general, its better to undo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet, because iron supplements can have serious shortcomings. Supplements may produce a feeling

46、of wanting to throw up, and may be poisonous in some cases.The best sources of iron, and the only sources of the form of iron most readily absorbed by the body, are meat, chicken, and fish.Good sources of other forms of iron include dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables.Select breads and cer

47、eals with the words iron-added on the label, writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark.This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains. Eat these foods with plentiful Vitamin C (for example, drink orange juice with cereal or put a tomato on a sandwich) to enhance the amount

48、of iron absorbed.Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans, as food can derive iron from the pan during the cooking process.The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase, the level going up nearly 30 times, she writes. And people who are likely to have low iron should avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals, she says, since substances in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbed into the body.Active women need to be a lot more careful about their food choices, sums up Pur