考研英语隐性大纲词汇.docx

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1、问：有一种单词在2008年考研大纲词汇中没有给出，但是考试却经常出现，19862007年共出现了600次，平均每年约有27个，是什么词？答：由hyphen”连接的合成词，其中绝大部分都是复合形容词，还有一小部分为复合名词。这些词有些出现在题目中，有些出现在选项中，如果不能准确掌握它们的意思，对于理解原文和选择正确的选项将造成巨大障碍。问：除了认识hyphen连接的复合词，还有别的作用吗？答:除了认识以外，如果掌握了它的构词方法,可以极大的丰富你的写作词汇的质量与数量。例如：我希望坐上“比光速还快的”飞船。护理行业是“女人统治的”行业。我需要一些“缓解疼痛的”药物。“学生写的”作文很有趣。请问在

2、引号“”中的表达方式，您都会吗？也许你以前需要一个定于从句，但是现在只需要一个hyphen一切都可以轻松解决。内容说明：通过最新的语料库软件，作者总结了22年（1986-2007）考研真题中，最常见的200多个由hyphen连接的复合词。考生通过背诵这些复合词，熟悉其构词方法，就可以迅速达到真题对于复合词的考核要求。一.名词+XX=形容词，现在分词，过去分词，名词，介词1 .名词+现在分词job-seeking guide 求职向导peace-loving people爱好和平的人noise-making boy吵闹的男孩mouth-watering baby 留着口水的婴儿head-scra

3、tching puzzlement 让人挠头的难题pain-relieving medication 缓解疼痛的药物meat-eating animal = carnivore 食肉动物time-consuming 费时的money-consuming 费钱的energy consuming 费精力的2 .名词+过去分词A woman-dominated field女人统治的领域student-written compositions 学生写的作文heart-broken story让人心碎的故事man-made protein 人造蛋白质3 .名词+形容词data-rich companie

4、s有丰富数据的公司soccer-mad parents对足球痴迷的父母accident-free operations 零事故的手术toll-free number免费电话号码life-long （终生的）world-famous （世界著名的）world-wide （世界范围的）ice-cold （冰冷的）4 .名词+介词built-in furniture 内嵌式家具child-like （像小孩似的）5 .名词+名词boss-board relations老板与董事会之间的关系import-export equilibrium 进出口均衡input-output balance 投入产出

5、平衡health-care system卫生保健体系intelligence-analysis company 情报分析公司man-machine integration 人机一体化English-language （英国语言的）数量词（名词中的特殊形式）1 .数词+名词（单数）one-child policy （独生子女政策/）two-hour talk （两小时的谈话）2 .数词+名词（单数）+形容词three-year-old （三岁的）seven-foot-wide （七英尺的）8000-meter-long （8000米长的）six-meter-tall （六米高的）3.数词+名词+

6、”-ed”one-eyed （独眼的）four-stoeyed （四层的）two-faced （两面的）four-footed （四只脚的）二.形容词（或者副词）+ XX=名词（不适用于副词），名词ed,形容词，现在分词，过去分词，介词1.形容词+名词domestic-relations lawyer 家庭关系律师low-level construction 低水平建设hard-line party强硬路线的政党first-class/ rate service 流的服务full-time student全职学生、脱产学生high-class 高级的second-hand （二手的）part-

7、time （业余的）mid-term （期中的）2.形容词+名词+“ed”final-term （期末的）tight-lipped很少说话的，守口如瓶的light-hearted轻松愉快的quick-witted急智的,机敏的good-natured和蔼的，和善的kind-hearted （好心肠的）cold-blooded （冷血的）warm-hearted （热心肠的）middle-aged（中年的）3.形容词（副）+现在分词long-standing traditions 长期的传统 far-reaching influence 深远的影响blue-eyed （蓝眼睛的）red-lipp

8、ed （红嘴唇的）ugly-looking （长相丑陋的）tired-looking （面容疲劳的）ever-lasting （永恒的）ever-changing world不断变化的世界 best-selling novel最畅销的小说 good-looking （长相好看的） easy-looking （长相随和的） hard-working （勤奋的）4.形容词/副词+过去分词clear-cut distinctions鲜明的区别（clear-cut切得彳艮清楚） clean-cut hair-style整齐的发型（clean-cut切得很干净）ready-made 现成的old-fas

9、hioned 老式的 new-born （新生的）hotly-contested marketnative-born本国出生的hard-won （来之不易的）newly-built （新建的）5.形容（副）词+形容词so-called （所谓的）well-dressed （衣着好的）recently-built （刚建的）dark-blue （深蓝的）all-round （全面的）light-green （浅绿的） red-hot （灼热的）6.形容词+介词back-up a.后备的；n.备份ill, well 专题以ill为前缀的复合形容词，在考研英语中出现了7次，以well为前缀的出现了2

10、4次，这说明这两个词，派生能力很强，我们要重点掌握。ill-/well-+名词 ed,动词 ed,动词 ingill-treated受虐待的 ill-informed消息不灵通的，一无所知的ill-defined定义不清晰的ill-bred没有教养的ill-advised不明智的 ilLmanaged管理不善的ill-mannered行为举止不礼貌的ill-tempered脾气暴躁的Well+形容词（25）Well-known 著名的Well-oiled cog上了油的运转正常的Well-paid job很好支付的一一高薪的工作Well-ventilated factories 通风良好的工厂

11、Well-born出身优越的Well-developed skill 熟练的技巧Well-worded language措辞优美的语言Well-balanced diet很均衡的饮食Well-established （long and respected） firm 久负盛名的公司well-established trend得到确认的时尚趋势Well-founded facts有事实依据的Well-grounded基础牢固的，有充分根据的Well-informed （about）对某一问题非常熟悉的Well-meaning 出于好意的：intended to be helpful but no

12、t succeeding.Well-worn jacket 穿旧了的，well-worn excuses 陈腐的借口Well-thumbed magazine 翻旧了的杂志well-timed arrival达到时机正好well-rounded veteran阅历，经验丰富的老兵Well-mannered举止行为有礼貌的三.其余类型1 .动词+形容词cling-film食品薄膜，胶带2 .动词+介词a follow-up survey 后续的调查a go-ahead signal前进的信号3 .介词+名词In-house counsel公司法务顾问Up-market commodity 高档的

13、商品4 .情态动词+be动词could-be employer 将来的老板would-be house-buyers想要购买房产的人would-be suicide未遂的白杀5 .多个组合A hard-to-get-to place难以到达的地方end-of-life care生命终期护理up-to-date information 最新的信息faster-than-light travel比光速还快的旅行all-man-love lady = man-killeranswered off-the-cuff即席地回答问题an off-the-cuff remark 一个即兴地评论四.复合名词1

14、 .从复合形容词变来的复合名词70-year-old elders =70-year-oldsWhite-collar workers = white-collarsWell-being lifewell-being 幸福，安宁 the state of being healthy, wealthy, and happy辨析：welfare 福利=a financial aidsight-seeing trip 观光旅行bread-winning man=bread-winner家里的经济支柱（挣面包的人）business-to-business serviceB2B几乎所有的动词与介词或名词

15、连接起来都可以构成复合名词。start-up启动，开始，创业 upstarts暴发户take-over 接管build-up 积聚economic slow-down 经济下滑internet signup签约，注册internet sign-ups因特网注册用户Self也有很强的构词能力，一共出现了35个self构成的复合名词与复合形容词，以卜是几个最常考的表达方法。self-respect 自尊self-reliance 自强自立 self-confidence 自信self-protect自我保护self-employed个体经营的，个体户的self-evident不言而喻，不言自明se

16、lf-contradict自我矛盾的self-discipline自我约束，自我修养self-help 自助self-interest 自私自利self-sufficient自给自足的self-restrained自我约束的2 .abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。3 .absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in全神贯注于近：be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on

17、 ; be centered on4 .(be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with)富于，富有5 .by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外.Without accident(=safely)安全地，6 .of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地，主动土也6.1 n accordance with (=in agreement with)依照，根据7.on ones own account1)为了某人的缘故，

18、为了某人自己的利益2)(=at ones own risk)自行负责3)(=by oneself)依靠自己on account 赊贝K; on account of 因为；on no account 不论什么原因也不;of no/little account 不重要的.8 .take.into account(=consider)把.考虑进去9 .give sb. an account of 说明，解释(理山)10 . account for 1)解释，说明；2)占比例11 .on account of (=because of)由于,因为.12.on no account(=in no ca

19、se, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)13 .accuse.of.(=charge.with; blame sb. for sth.; blame sth. on sb.; complain about)指控，控告14 .be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.15 .be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解；(=to have met socially)熟悉16 .acton奉行,按照行动；act as扮演;act for代理17 .ada

20、pt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于18 .adapt.(for)(=make sth. Suitable for a new need)改编，改写(以适应新的需要)19.in addition (=besides)此夕卜，又，力口之1.1 in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除.夕卜21 .adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, beli

21、ef)粘附；坚持,遵循22 .adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻的，临近的23 .adjust.(to)(=change slightly)调节；适应；24 .admit of (=be capable of, leave room for)的可能,留有的余地.1.1 in advance (before in time)预告，事先.26 .to advantage有利的，使优点更加突出地.27 .have an advantage over 胜过.have the advantage of由于处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不

22、知道的事28 .take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.29 .agree with赞同(某人意见)agree to同意30.in agreement (with)同意，-致31.ahead of 在.之前，超过；ahead of time 提前.32.in the air 1)不肯定，不具体.2)在谣传中.33.above all (=especially, most important of all)尤其是，最重要的.1.1 in all (=counting e

23、veryone or everything, altogether)总共,总计35 .after all 毕竟,到底；(not) at all 一点也不；all at once(=suddenly)突然；once and for all 只此一次；above all 最重要的；first of all 首先;all in all 大体上说；be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.36 .allow for (=take into consideration, take into account)考虑到，估计至37 .amount to (=to be equal to)总计，等于.

24、38 .answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for)对.负责.39 .answer to (=conform to)适合,符合.40 .be anxious about 为焦急不安;或 anxious for41 .apologize to sb. for sth.为.向.道歉42 .appeal to sb. for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力43 .apply to sb. for sth.为向申请; applyfor 申请;apply to 适用.

25、44 .apply to与有关;适用45 .approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)赞成， approve vt.才比准46 .arise from(=be caused by)山.弓I起.47 .arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.安排做48 .arrive on到达；arrive at到达某地(小地方);得出,作出；arrive in到达某地(大地方)；49 .be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow

26、because of sth. done)以为羞耻50 .assure sb. of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向保证,使确信.51 .attach(to)(=to fix, fasten; join)缚,系，结52 .make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)试图做.53 .attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after)侍候，照料

27、54 .attitude to/ toward对的态度.看法55 .attribute.to.(=to believe sth. to be the result of)把.归因于认为.是.的结果56.on the average (=on average, on an average)平均57 .(be) aware of (=be conscious of, having knowledge or consciousness)意识至ij,知道.58 .at the back of (=behind)在后面1 9.in the back of 在后部(里面);on the back of 在

28、后部(外面);be on ones back(=be ill in bed)卧病不起.60 .at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,维护；have sb. at ones back 有.支持,有作后台61 .turn ones back on sb.(=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) d:理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃62 .behind ones back背着某人(说坏话)63 .be based on / upon 基于64 .on the basis of根据，在基础上65 .beat.at在运动项

29、目上打赢66 .begin with以开始.to begin with (=first of all)首先，第一(经常用于开始语)67.on behalf of (=as the representative of)以.名义68 .believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true)相信，依赖，信仰.69 .benefit (from)受益，得到好处.70 .for the benefit of为了的利益(好处)71 .for the better 好转72 .get the better of (=defeat s

30、b.)打败，胜过.73 .by birth在出生上，论出身,按血统at birth在出生时；give birth to出生74 .blame sb. for sth.因责备某人.blame sth. on sb.把推在某人身上75.in blossom开花(指树木)be in blossom开花(强调状态)come into blossom开花(强调动作)76.on board到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机77.boast of (or about)吹喔78.out of breath喘不过气来79.in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之80.in b

31、ulk成批地，不散装的81.take the floor 起立发言82.on business 出差办事.83.be busy with sth.于某事;be busy doing sth.忙于做某事1.1 last but one 倒数第二.85 .but for (without)要不是.表示假设86 .buy sth. for.money 用多少钱买87 .be capable of能够，有能力be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被.的88.in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at a

32、ny cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何89.in case (=for fear that)万一；90.in case of (=in the event of)如果发生万一;in the case of 至于，就而言1.1 in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)92 .be cautious of 谨防93 .center one*s attention on(=focus ones attention on)把某人的注意力集中在.上94 .be certain of (=be sure of)有把握，一定.95 .for certain

33、of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地96 .by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然97 .for a change换换环境(花样等)98 .charge sb. with控告某人犯有99.in charge of (=responsible for)负责(某事);in the charge of 由.管100 .take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)101 .charge.for因.索取(费用)；charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有102 .round

34、the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping)昼夜不停地103 .comment on 评论104 .commit oneself to 使自己承担commit sb. to prison 把某人送进监狱；commit ones idea to writing把某人的想法写下来;commit a matter to a committee把某事交给委员会讨论1O5.in common (和)有共同之处,共用.be common to sb.是与某人所共有的106 .keep company with (=be friend

35、ly and go out together)和要好.107 .compare.with .把.与.比较108 .compare.to.把比作109 .by comparison 比较起来1.1 .in comparison with (=in contrast to)和.比起来111 .compensate for (=give sth. to make up for)补偿，赔偿，弥补 compensate sb. for sth.赔偿，弥补112 .complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情;complain to sb. a

36、bout sth.(or sb.)向某人抱怨;complain (抱怨);complement (补充);compliment (恭维)ply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)遵守，依从114 .conceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象，设想115 .concentrate on (or upon)集中，专心116 .be concerned with (=about)与有关117 .concern oneself about / with 关心118.in conc

37、lusion(=as the last thing)最后一点；at the conclusion of 当结束时；119.condemn sb. to 判决120.on condition that (=if)以.为条件，假如；in that = because 因为；now that = since 既然；for all that = although 尽管121.in / out of condition (thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit)健康状况好/不好；in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态122 .confess(to

38、)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认，供认；confess to a crime 承认罪行.123 .confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about ones secret)对讲真心话,依赖124.in confidence 推心置腹地；with confidence满怀信心地；have confidence in 对.有信心125 .confidence in sb./ sth,对.的信赖126 .be confident of 有信心；confidential 机密的127 .confine.to.把限制在某范

39、围内128 .confirm sb. in使某人更坚定(信念等)129 .conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with)符合，遵照，遵守;1)obey 服从；2) observe;3)comply with 照办;4)keep to 遵循;5)abide by 服从;6)stick to 按.做130 .be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面对，面临131 .congratulate sb. on 祝贺132.in connection with(=with regard to)关于，

40、133 .be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道134 .consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意135 .in consequence (=as a result)结果136.in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于.的结果137.under consideration 在考虑中138.in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of )山于139.on no consideration(in no

41、 case)无论如何也不145. take.into consideration (=take account of, take.into account)考虑到，把考虑进去146. considerate (=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的，考虑他人需要的，considerable 相当大的，值得考虑的147. consist of(=be composed of)由.组成的.consist in 主要在于.consist with 符合,与一致148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与致.be consistent

42、 in 贯的，149. consult sb. on/ about sth.向征求方面的意见,就向请教150. to ones hearfs content 尽情地，痛痛快快151. be content with(=be satisfied with)满足于 be content to do sth.愿意做某事152. contrary to (=in opposition to)与相反153. on the contrary 相反154. contrast.with把与相对(对照)155. in contrast to/with 和形成对比;by contrast 对比之下156. con

43、tribute to 有助于157. under control (被)控制住 out of control 无法控制158. at ones convenience(=where and when it suits one)在方便的时间或地点;be convenient to / for 对.方便159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做.160. cope with(=deal with, try

44、to find a solution to)应付,处理161. in the corner(of)在角落里;0n(at) the comer of a street 在街道拐弯处;round the comer 拐过弯；be in a tight corner陷入困境162. correspond (with)(=exchange letters regularly)通信163. correspond to 相当于, correspond with 符合，致164. at all costs不惜任何代价.at the cost of以为代价165. a matter of course理所当然

45、的事166. as a matter of course 当然地，自然地167. in (during) the course 在过程中168. in due course (=without too much delay)没经过太久，到一定时候169. on credit 赊购；with credit 以优异成绩;to ones credit 使某人感到光荣;do sb. credit使感到光荣170. be critical of爱挑毛病的，批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病172. a danger to 对的危险；be in danger(of)处于.危险中

46、；be out of danger 脱离危险173. to date(=so far, until now)到目前为止174. out of date过时的;up to date新式的，时兴的;date back to可追溯到;date from从某时期开始(有)175. deal with (=concern)论及176. be in debt to sb.欠的债177. on the decline在衰退中,在减少中 in decline 卜降；on the increase 在增加178. to ones delight 令某人感到高兴;to ones regret 遗憾；sorrow 悲痛；relief 安心; distress 苦恼；shame 羞愧；surprise 惊奇；astonishment 惊奇；179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢，取乐180. take (a) delight in喜欢干，以为乐181. demand sth. of sb.向某人要求