外研社高二英语动词的时态语态精讲教案(10页).doc

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1、-第 1 页外研社高二英语外研社高二英语动词的时态语态动词的时态语态精讲教案精讲教案-第 2 页高二高二英语英语动词的时态语态专项练习动词的时态语态专项练习外研社外研社【本讲教育信息本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：动词的时态语态专项练习二.重难点讲解：动词的时态和语态在接下来的时间里将给大家介绍一下动词的时态和语态。到目前为止大家应该知道，动词共有 16 种时态和两种语态。在时态方面，考题中主要涉及到其中的 10 种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时、将来进行时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时。1.一般现在时：通常有六种用法，其中最重要的考

2、点是：在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来的动作；安排或计划好的将来发生的动作。如：1.The train for Shanghai leaves at 11a.m and arrives at 11p.m.2.As soon as the manager comes back,I will tell him about it.2.一般过去时：关于该时态最主要请大家掌握它的概念：一个开始于过去结束于过去的动作，或存在的状态。记住这一点很重要，需要与现在完成时区分。如：The other day she ran across an old friend in the street.3.一般将来时：除了

3、用 will+动词原形表示该时态外，还有：1 Be going to do sth：She is going to go abroad next year.2 Be about to do sth：Please fasten your safety belt,for the plane is about to take off.3 Be to do sth：There is to be a class meeting this afternoon.4.现在进行时：除了众所周知的表正在进行动作外，还有如下特殊用法：预计一个将要发生的动作；常与某些副词连用，表示某种感情色彩，如赞叹、惊讶或不满。如

4、：1 How many of you are going to the party tonight.2 The teacher is always criticizing us.5.现在完成时：这应该是五个基本时态中最令大家迷惑的一个。该时态分为已完成和未完成两种。常见的标志性的词有：since,for,already,so far,up to now,in the last few years,in thepast three months etc.如：1 He has lived here since he got married.2 In the past two decades,res

5、earch has expanded our knowledge about sleep and dreams.3 In the last ten years great changes have taken place in China.6.过去将来时：只有一个考点：用于主句的谓语动词是过去时态的间接引语中，遵循时态呼应原则。如：she said she would pay us a visit when she had enough time.7.过去进行时：表示在过去的某个时刻发生的动作或某段时间内一直进行的动作。如：1At nine oclock last night,I was co

6、unting the stars in the sky.2 When the girl came in,the two dogs were fighting for a bone.3 While I was preparing for the exam,the power was cut off.8.过去完成时：别名“过去的过去。”考题中对该时态的使用有要求，只有当句中有一个动作是过去时，才有可能用过去完成。如：1 The film had almost finished when I got to the cinema.-第 3 页2 By the time he was ten,he ha

7、d built himself a chemistry lab.9.将来完成时：该时态只有一个考点，请大家注意与过去完成的区别：如：By the time he is ten,he will have built himself a chemistry lab.10.现在完成进行时：表示现在以前一直发生的动作，强调动作在进行过程中的不间断，常有背景句作为铺垫。如：You are all wet!Yes,I have been playing basketball all the morning.语态：主要考察被动语态的用法。基本公式：主语+be+动词的过去分词。还有一个要点大家需记住：只有及物

8、动词才有被动语态。除了大家熟悉的基本用法外，被动语态还有一些特殊用法，比如用主动的形式表达被动的概念，顾名思义，看起来是主动，实则为被动。下面，我们将英文中常见的主动形式表被动含义的情况总结一下：1 动词 read,sell,last,wash,write,lock 等带状语,如 well,easily 时.e.g.This kind of cloth washes easily.（这种布好洗）The meeting lasted three hours.（会议持续了三个小时）My new pen writes well.（我的新钢笔好写）2 感官动词 feel,look,smell,soun

9、d,taste,prove 等与形容词连用时.e.g.You look very well today.Your bedroom smelt so terrible.My words proved right.3 begin,end,stop,open,close 等表示开，关，结束的含义时，及 break out,take place,happen 等动词表示爆发，发生概念时。e.g.The library opens at ten.Class begins at half past eight.An earthquake took place in Tang Shan in 1976.4

10、某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式的主动形式。e.g.The question is easy to answer.His clothes are hard to wash.The fish is not fit to eat.He has an important meeting to attend.【典型例题】【典型例题】1.I can guess you were in a hurry.Youyour sweater inside out.A.had wornB.woreC.were wearingD.are wearing2.Wethat you would fix the TV set

11、this week.Im sorry.Ito,but Ive been too busy.A.had expected；had intendedB.are expecting；had intendedC.expect；intendD.expected；intend3.He will stop showing off,if no noticeof him.A.is takenB.will be takenC.takesD.has taken4.It is said that another new car factorynow.-第 4 页 Yeah.Itone and a half years

12、.A.is building；takesB.is being built；will takeC.is built；will takeD.is being built；takes5.Im sorry,but I shouldnt have been so rude to you.Youyour temper but thats OK.A.have lostB.had lostC.did loseD.were losing6.Why?Tom,your shirt is so dirty!Mum,Imy storeroom downstairs。A.cleanedB.have workedC.was

13、 cleaningD.have been cleaning7.They wont buy new clothes because theymoney to buy a color TV set.A.saveB.are savingC.has savedD.were saving8.Good heavens!There you are!Weanxious about you,and weyou backthroughout the night.A.are；expectB.were；had expectedC.have been；were expectingD.are；were expecting

14、9.Ive finally finished my paper and itme an entire month.A.takesB.tookC.was takenD.had taken10.The traffic in our city is already good and iteven better.A.getsB.gotC.has gotD.is getting11.Has Jack finished his homework yet?I have no idea；heit this morning.A.was doingB.had been doingC.has doneD.did12

15、.I will come to attend your lecture at 10：00 tomorrow.Im sorry,by then my lecture will have ended and Imy guests in my office.A.is being metB.will meetC.will be meetingD.will have met13.Alice came back home the day before yesterday.Really?Where?A.has she beenB.had she beenC.has she goneD.had she gon

16、e14.John and Ifriends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmasparty.But weeach other a couple of times before that.A.had been；have metB.have been；have metC.had been；had metD.have been；had met15.Iping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.A.will playB.

17、have playedC.playedD.play16.Ive won a holiday for two to Florida.Imy mum.A.takeB.am taking-第 5 页C.have takenD.will have taken17.You havent said a word about my new coat,Brenda.Do you like it?Im sorry Ianything about it sooner.I certainly think its pretty on you.A.wasnt sayingB.dont sayC.wont sayD.di

18、dnt say18.Where?I got stuck in the heavy traffic.Ihere earlier.A.did you go；had arrivedB.have you been；would have beenC.were you；would comeD.are you；was19.I know Mr.Brown；weto each other at an international conference.A.are introducedB.have been introducedC.were introducedD.had been introduced20.Whe

19、re do you thinkhethe computer?Sorry.I have no idea.A.has；boughtB.；boughtC.did；buyD.had；bought21.Ito a party,but Ive got nothing to wear.Why dont you have a dress made for the party?A.was askedB.will askC.have askedD.have been asked22.I didnt like Aunt Lucy,whowithout warning and bringing us presents

20、.A.always turned upB.has always turned upC.was always turning upD.was always turned up23.What do you think of this kind of TV set,whichin Shanghai?Well,I dont care such things.A.was madeB.is madeC.has been madeD.had been made24.Tom,did Mr.Li join you in your discussion?No,he,but he happened to have

21、fallen ill.A.would like toB.willC.was to haveD.was going to join25.Did he notice you enter the room?I dont think so.Heto the radio with his eyes shut.A.listenedB.was listeningC.has listenedD.had listened26.The planeat 7：00 p.m.,so I have to be at the airport by 6：40 at the latest.A.has leftB.is to l

22、eaveC.will have leftD.leaves-第 6 页27.The trainat the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nineoclock tonight.A.wentB.is goingC.goesD.will be going28.Look at this!Isome magazines andthis letter.A.was looking through；foundB.am looking through；findC.looked through；had foundD

23、.had looked through；finding29.youthe editor at the airport?No,heaway before my arrival.A.Have.met；has drivenB.Had.met；was drivenC.Did.meet；had been drivenD.Have.met；had driven30.Can you give me the right answer?Sorry,I.Would you repeat that question?A.hadnt listenedB.havent listenedC.dont listenD.wa

24、snt listening答案答案：1.D。can guess 这一现在猜测是建立在眼前所见情景的基础上的，故用现在进行时。2.A。expect,intend,want,wish,hope,plan 等动词的过去完成式可表示过去未曾实现的想法、愿望、打算等。3.A。如主句用将来时，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。又因if 从句是 take notice of.的被动语态结构，故选 A。4.B。根据主语与 build 之间的被动关系和 now，可知要选现在进行时的被动语态；因工厂正在修建，花费一年半应指将来。5.C。shouldnt have done 表示“过去本不应”。Y

25、ou did lose your temper 是 You lostyour temper 的强调形式。6.D。现在完成进行时表示从过去某时到现在一直在进行的动作。7.B。句意为：他们（现在）不愿买新衣服，因为他们在攒钱买电视。由此可见，攒钱是现阶段正在进行的动作。8.C。担心是从过去某时到说话时为止一直在进行的动作，用现在完成时；expect 是在过去某一段时间里（整个晚上）正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时。9.B。论文已完成，花费一个月时间应指过去；某事花费某人多少时间用 sth.takes sb.sometime 结构。10.D。交通现在已经好了，在此基础上正在变得更好。11.A。题干没有

26、构成“过去的过去”，不可选 B。如选 C、D 则表示动作已完成，与 have noidea 相矛盾。过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作，不涉及结果，正好附合题干语境。12.C。by then 是指将来的时间状语，排除 A。再由句意可知，meet 指的是到了十点钟时将正在进行的动作。13.B。问句问的是前天回来之前去了哪儿，故用过去完成时。注意 had gone 表示人未回来，与第一句相矛盾。-第 7 页14.D。for时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态，用现在完成时；meet 发生在got to know 这一过去动作之前，用过去完成时。15.D。用一般现在时表示现在的特

27、征或状态。16.B。come,go,leave,arrive,take 等动词常用进行时表砂将来。17.D。表示过去没有做某事应用去时。又因句子没有“过去正在进行”之意，帮排除 A。18.B。问对方“去了哪里”，指的是从过去某时到现在为止的动作，用现在完成时；第二个空格是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气和主句，条件状语从句 If I hadnt got stuck in the heavytraffic 被省略。19.C。在一个国际会议上被介绍显然发生在过去。20.B。此句为复杂特殊疑问句结构，即“疑问词do you think（believe,suppose,expect,imagine,say,c

28、onsider,guess 等）其它（陈述语序）?”。21.D。由 but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容，可知应选现在完成时的被动语态。22.C。always,often,constantly,forever,all the time 等副词与现在（过去）进行时连用，表示某种反复发生的动作，往往带有厌恶、不满、责备或赞扬等意味。23.B。这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。24.C。C 项是 was to have joined us in our discussion 的省略形式。waswere to havedone 表示原来计划、安排要做的事，而实际上并没有做。25.B。当时

29、他在听收音机。26.D。表示按时刻表或日程安排要发生的事,应用一般现在时。27.D。从句用的是一般现在时，故主句要用将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。28.A。Look at this!说明东西已找到。紧接着说是怎样找到的。29.C。根据答语，问句中的 meet 是过去发生的动作，可排除 A、D。但不能选 B，因为没有构成“过去的过去”。答语中用过去完成时的被动语态表示在我到达（过去动作）之前他已被人用车接走。30.D。“没听”发生在对方（过去）问问题时，故用过去进行时。【模拟试题】【模拟试题】31.I used to drink a lot of tea but

30、 these days Icoffee.A.preferB.preferredC.have preferredD.am preferring32.Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer?No,itfor four days when we arrived,so the roads were very muddy.A.was rainingB.had been rainingC.would be rainingD.rained33.The vegetables didnt taste very good.Theyt

31、oo long.A.had been cookedB.were cookedC.had cookedD.cooked34.Remember the first time we met,Jim?Of course I do.Youin the library.A.were readingB.had readC.have readD.read35.I want to buy that kind of cloth because Ithe clothwell.A.have told；washes B.have been told；washesC.was told；washedD.have been

32、told；is washed36.What were you up to when your parents came in?Ifor a while andsome reading.-第 8 页A.was playing；was going to doB.played；didC.had played；was going to doD.had played；did37.Sorry,I forget to post the letter for you.Never mind,it myself tonight.A.Im going to postB.Ive decided to postC.Il

33、l postD.Id rather post38.I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs,but.A.Im not invitedB.I was not invitedC.I have not been invitedD.I had not been invited39.Is Tom still smoking?No.By next Saturday hefor a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.A.will goB.will have goneC.

34、will have beenD.has been going40.All but onetake part in the conferencetomorrow.A.is going to；that is to take placeB.are going to；that is about to take placeC.are going to；that is to be taken placeD.are going to；which is to be held41.Are you a visitor here?Thats right.Iround the world and now my dre

35、am of coming to Chinatrue.A.have traveled；has comeB.was traveling；had been comeC.am traveling；has comeD.have traveled；has been come42.Betty this morning?Not yet,but she is sure to be here before noon.A.Have you seenB.Will you seeC.Do you seeD.Did you see43.Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday

36、.Neverhim talk so much.A.I heardB.did I hearC.I had heardD.had I heard44.The childrenvery quiet；I wonder what theyup to.A.were；are beingB.are being；areC.are；doD.are being；do45.Look at the black clouds.Itsoon.Sure.If only weout.A.is raining；didnt comeB.is to rain；wont startC.will rain；havent startedD

37、.is going to rain；hadnt come46.Hearticles for our wall-newspaper these three years,and heabout fortyarticles.A.has been writing；has writtenB.has been writing；wroteC.is writing；has been writingD.has written；has written47.Sheto the office than she got down to writing the report.A.has no sooner gotB.ha

38、d hardly gotC.no sooner gotD.had no sooner got48.When he was alive,the old scientist used to say that knowledgefrom practice andhe gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.-第 9 页A.was comingB.had comeC.comesD.would come49.In this experiment,they are woken up several times during the ni

39、ght,and asked to reportwhat they.A.had just been dreamingB.are just dreamingC.have just been dreamingD.had just dreamt50.Whats the matter?The shoes dont fit properly.Theymy feet.A.are hurtingB.will hurtC.have hurtD.are hurt-第 10 页参考答案参考答案http/31.A。此题选 A 表示现在的特征或状态。prefer 属表示心理状态的动词，不能用于进时。32.B。表示在过去

40、某一动作之前一直在进行，并有可能继续下去的动作，要用过去完成进行时。33.A。cook 发生在 didnt taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。34.A。read 发生在 the first time we met 之时,故用过去进行时。35.B。动词 wash,lock,sell,wear,write read,open,shut,clean 等动词的主语是物，且又表示主语的特征或状态时，要用主动形式表示被动意义。36.C。play 在 came in 之前已完成，而 do some reading 的动作则即将开始。37.C。willsh

41、all v.表示临时的决定，而 be going to 表示已决定或安排要做的事。38.B。would should like to have done 表示过去未曾实现的愿望，故“未受邀请”应用一般过去时的被动语态。39.B。by 后跟将来的时间状语时，主句要用将来完成时。go without 意为“在缺的情况下对付”。40.D。all but one 主语是 all，且 all 在此指人，故谓语动词用复数；take place 属不及物动词短语，无被动语态；be about to 后面不能跟具体的时间状语。41.C。由对话情景可知，“周游世界”是现在正在进行的动作，而“实现”是到说话时为止

42、已完成的动作；come true 不能用于被动语态。42.A。询问到说话时为止一段时间内某动作是否发生，要用现在完成时。43.D。hear 发生在 talked 这一过去动作之前；never 是含有否定意义的副词，放在句首时，句子应用倒装语序。44.B。be 用于进行时可表示一个暂时的特点或表现。What they are up to 相当于 What theyare doing。45.D。根据目前迹象判断将要发生的动作用 be going to；if only 意为“但愿”，其后的句子用虚拟语气。46.A。由 these three years 可知应选现在完成进行时，表示“写”从过去一直延续至今，并有可能继续下去；“写了 40 篇”用现在完成时，表示到现在为止已完成的动作。47.D。no sooner.than 和 hardly（scarcely）.when 均表示“一就”，且主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。48.C。宾语从句表示的是客观事实。49.C。dream 是从过去某时开始一延续到 are woken up.and asked to report.这一现在动作之前的动作，故用现在完成进行时。50.A。由 Whats the matter 和 dont fit 可知，hurt 是现在正在进行的动作。