考研英语写作（基础必备）.docx

《考研英语写作（基础必备）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语写作（基础必备）.docx（58页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考研英语写作一复习方法讲义2010版基础写作第一节考研写作总论评卷实例：2001年真题Directions:Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone had his/her own understanding of it.There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to1) show your understandin

2、g of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,2) give a specific example, and3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.1、20分范文：Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest. It is of the utmost importance to the human beings. Everybody not only needs love, but

3、 also should give love.As is described in the picture,“love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places. This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than ordinary people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life and progress. Maybe even a dim light can give

4、them much hope for a better life and progress. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to step out of their difficulties.For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his life. Or when a little girl in a poor rural area

5、 drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish her schooling and change her life, you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get

6、 love from others and we also give love to others so when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, dont hesitate to give your love to him. I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.2、18分范文It is

7、generally believed that love is a hot topic which is most talked about. This is true not only in China but also in other countries. We live in different countries, speak different languages, but love is something common to us all. But how to show love may be different with different people in differ

8、ent countries. This is something we should give more thought to.As is shown in the picture, love is like a lamp which shines brightest in dark places. This tells us a simple truth: Love is like a lamp. It is most valuable when it is most needed. For example, once I saw a foreign lady get lost in the

9、 street. She could not speak Chinese and nobody seemed to be able to help her. Though my English is not very good and I am a shy person, I thought she needed help very much. I asked her what she wanted. She told me she lost her way, so I showed her the way to her hotel. It was a small thing but she

10、thanked me very much because my help was needed very much. My help was like a lamp in dark places.I think we all should be like a lamp in a dark place, showing our love, giving our help to others, even to strangers. In this way, we can make this world a harmonious and peaceful world.复习计划：1、考前复习：1）攻克

11、词汇：2）精研真题：词汇、句子结构、选项设置、英译汉、背诵3）适当模考：2、写作练习：3、时间分配：1）14：00-14：15写作A节2） 14：15-14：50写作 B 节3） 14：50-16：00阅读 A 节4） 16：00-16：20完型填空5） 16：20-16：40阅读 B 节6） 16：40-17：00阅读 C 节第二节应用文学习方法:（一）提高实力：1、十遍精读：1）精彩词汇2）精彩词组3）精彩句型4）句子结构：简单句（主干+修饰成分）、从句、时态、冠词、主谓一致5）段落结构：总分总，主题句+论证（+小结）6）关联词：小作文35个，大作文57个7）同义替换：词汇+句型8）代词替

12、换：it, that, they9）精彩观点：10）原因建议：2、背诵：滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善3、默写：发现写作弱点4、中译英：提高写作实力5、写作：模仿（二）掌握技巧：万能框书信格式：（一）称呼1、写给机构1)不认识负责人：Dear Sir or Madam, Dear Sir/Madam, To whom it may concern,2)认识负责人：Dear Mr./Ms. President/Professor/Manager/Editor,Dear President (Michael) Wang,2、写给个人1)关系不亲密：Dear Mr./Ms. President/Pro

13、fessor/Manager/Editor, Dear President (Michael) Wang,2)关系亲密：Dear Michael,(二)正文：3段、7句、100120词、35关联词、35从句1、第一段：2句1)自我介绍(1)1 am a staff member from your company/corporation.(2) I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beiji

14、ng University.2)写作目的：I am writing the letter in purpose of ordering some books/resigning from my current post/position.2、第二段：3句1)改写提纲一：1句2)改写提纲二：1句3)改写提纲三：1句3、第三段1)表示感谢(私人建议信除外)(1) My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.(2) Words fail me when I want to express my sincere grati

15、tude to you.(3) I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.2)期待回信(1)1 am looking forward to your reply/hearing from you soon.(2) I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.(3) Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be hi

16、ghly appreciated.(三)落款Yours sincerely,Li Ming第三节段落写作书信类应用文备忘录/报告：Directions: You are the president of a company. Write a memo to Percy Shelley, the vice-president on the employees training on computer, telling him the need to train the employees, detailed information, and ask him to write a plan.Dat

17、e： January 20,2007To： Percy Shelley, Vice PresidentFrom： Li Ming, PresidentSubject： Computer Training of the StaffAs we discussed earlier this week, I agree with you that our firm is faced up with problem of the high rate of computer illiteracy of the staff. We need to make up a plan for training ou

18、r employees in the new field.I would like you to design our own in-house computer-training program. We had better classify the employees and put them through the program in turn.Write up a brief proposal, describing what you think the program should cover. Assume the class runs four hours a week for

19、 ten weeks. Also, assume people have no prior computer knowledge or any formal course work in computer science.摘要：1）不超过原文三分之一，可少不可多；2）不要评论、不要照抄；3）改写每段首尾句。告示类应用文：（一）写作格式：1、标题2、日期：标题右下方3、正文：1一3段，36句，01从句，现在/将来时4、署名：个人或单位（二）分类：通告/通知、启事、其他经典范文：征稿启事Directions:Your journal is planning to publish an issue.

20、 Write a contributions wanted which covers the following information:1） the purpose of the issue,2） time and methods of delivery,3） other details.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice.Contributions WantedFebruary 3,2007To celebrate the 14lh anniversary

21、of the Beijing New Oriental Education and Technology Group, this journal has decided to publish a special issue on our great achievements in the teaching and research activities in the past 14 years. Articles, photos, memoirs and other writings related to this topic are invited. Faculty members and

22、students are welcome to send in their contributions in whatever forms or styles to our office before the 30th instant. They may also send their writings and photos electronically to the following address: xdfyystaff.neworiental.orgThe Editorial OfficeNew Oriental English Journal 真题透视：考研论说文框架结构：3段、12

23、句、160200词、57关联词、57从句第四节两图写作考研论说文框架结构：（一）第一段：图画描述，3句1、总体描述：人物/动物/事物+动作/服装+环境/表情，1句2、挖掘细节词、串连成句：1一2句3、文字说明/象征寓意：1句（二）第二段：意义阐释，5句1、主题句：象征寓意，1句2、论证：3句1）基础一般的同学：（1） 讲原因：（2） 讲故事：（3） 联系现实：图画作文创作原则（以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体，具体想为抽象）2）基础较好的同学：（1） 五大角度：背景、事实、反方观点、原因、后果（2） 六种手段：因果、分类、定义解释、统计事实、举例、正反论证3、小结：1句（三）第三段：建议措

24、施，4句1、结论句：1句2、针对双方提建议：2句3、包装结尾、展望未来：1句启承转合：（一）启：启动观点、开篇点题（二）承：观点承接、正面论证1、 First（ly）, In the first place, First and foremost, Above all, On the one hand, For one thing,2、 Second（ly）, In the second place, Besides, In addition, What is more, Furthermore, Moreover, On the other hand, For another3、Third（

25、ly）,（The） Last but not （the） least, More importantly, Even worse,（三）转：观点转折、反面论证Conversely, Nevertheless, Unfortunately, Whereas, Yet, Instead, In/By comparison/contrast, On the contrary（四）合：文章结尾、合并归纳As a result/consequence, Consequently, Accordingly, Thus, Hence, Generally/Briefly speaking,第五节一图写作英语

26、全攻略：（一）培养兴趣：1、听说方面：1）英文歌曲：2）原版影视：2、读写方面：1）女生：Romeo and Juliet, Jean Eyre, Love Story2）男生：Bible, Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology, The Old Man and the Sea （二）掌握方法：“精”1、听力：听写2、口语：跟读+模仿3、阅读：背诵4、写作：中译英第六节图表作文钻石句型：第一段（一）现状说明：1. When asked about., most people believe that., but other people consider it d

27、ifferently.2. When it comes to., peoples opinions differ. Some hold the opinion that., while others claim that.3. There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the role of . Some people claim that., while others believe that.4. There is a general discussion today about the issue of . Those wh

28、o criticize . argue that. They believe that . But people who advocate . on the other hand, argue that.5. Most are of the opinion that. But I personally believe that.6. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize that.7. Now, it is generally acknowledged that., but I doubt whether.（二）图表描述1

29、. In 1990, it increased/decreased from . to .2. By comparison with 1998, it increased/decreased by .3. The figure has nearly doubled, compared with that of last year.4. It has increased/decreased almost three times, compared with .5. The number is twice as much as that of 1990.6. It accounts for . p

30、ercent of the total.7. The number was less/more than a half/third/quarter of the 1990 total.第二段（-）原因列举1. The phenomenon/change in . mainly results/arises from the fact that.2. One may regard the phenomenon as a sign of/ response to .3. There are many causes/reasons for the dramatic growth/decrease.

31、Firstly,. Secondly,. Finally,.4. A number of factors can account for the change in .5. Another contributory factor of. is .6. Why are/do/did .? For one thing,. For another,. Perhaps the primary reason is .7. .is also responsible for the rise/decrease in .（二）观点陈述1. The advantages of A outweigh any be

32、nefit we gain from B.2. Good as A is, it has its own disadvantages. For one thing, itfor another, it.3. Although A has enormous/substantial/considerable advantage over B, it cannot compete with B in .4. As advantage sounds ridiculous/means nothing when Bs advantage are considered.（三）利弊说明1. Although

33、a lot of people believe that . I doubt/wonder whether the argument bearsmuch analysis/close examination.2. As opposed to widely held ideas, I argue that.3. Although the popular belief/idea is that a current study/survey indicates that.4. They may be right about.but they seem to neglect/fail to menti

34、on the fact that.5. Although it widely accepted that it is unlikely to be true that .6. It is true thatbut this is not to say that.7. There is absolutely no reason for us to accept/resist that .8. What these people fail to understand/consider/mention is that.9. You may say that . It probably will. B

35、ut.10. It is one thing to believe that. but it is quite another to say that.（四）举例论证1. Numerous examples can be given, but this/these will suffice.2. I can think of no better illustration than the following one（s）.3. This case effectively clarify the fact that.4. This story tells that.第三段（一）归纳结论1. Fr

36、om what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that.2. All the evidence supports an unshakable conclusion that .3. It is high time that we placed great emphasis on .4. It is high time that we put an end to the undesirable phenomenon of .5. There is no denying that further attent

37、ion must be paid to the problem of .（二）建议措施1. It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.2. Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures/steps.3. We should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to control this problem.4. We should enhance/culti

38、vate the awareness of people that this issue is vital for us.5. Only in this way can we solve the problem.6. I believe we humans can overcome this difficulty and we will have a brighter future.图表作文（一）黄金句型：参见考研写作教材P.72“描写图表句型”描写图表句型According toAs can be seen fromAs shown inIt is clear / apparent form

39、chart / graph the table,diagramfigure / statistics11. By 1998,less than more than almost aboutoveras many as nearlvthree-quarters of X percent of one out of five one in four one half / third ofhousewivesgraduatesyoung couplesthe number of students12. A hasalmost / nearly about / overa quarterhalf /

40、twiceone third一as many students as as much money asBreachedsomething of plateau9. It has approached X percent risen toan average of X percent10. It accounts for 15 percent of the total.-13. A hasabout / approximately exactly / preciselythe same.therenumber proportion amountofstudentsmoneyas.washas b

41、eensudden sharp dramatic a marked steady slight gradual falljump rise increase fluctuation decrease decline reduction drop14.inDuring the period 1970-1999From 1910 to 1974Since 1980Since the early 1980sas compared with as againstthose thatin the past few years in 1998the number of people who persona

42、) income college populationincreasedsuddenlyjumpedrapidly / slowly15. The number of.rosedramaticallydecreasedsignificantlydeclinedslightlydroppedgraduallyfellsharplyfluctuatedfrom 1988 to 1990during the five-year period.16. Therewashas beenX accidents / suicides a X percent increase decreasein since

43、March,an increase of 3 percent in a three-month period up from X percent for the same period last yearW_LU 乂阳kb Wl F17. that is thesecond-highest third-lowestrate in history.考研写作总论复习计划：1、攻克词汇：1）词汇书：2）软件：新东方背单词（5）3）记忆法：2、精研真题:96-09共14年真题1）词汇：2）选项：3）句子结构：4）背诵：阅读A节经典文章5）英译汉：阅读A节、C节经典文章6）写作真题：3、适当模考：201

44、0年1月时间分配：2) 14： 15-14： 50 写作 B 节4) 16： 00-16： 20 阅读 B 节6) 16： 40-17： 00 完型填空1）14：00-14：15写作 A 节3）14：50-16：00阅读 A 节5）16：20-16：40阅读 C 节写作学习：（三）提高实力：1、中译英：仔细对比原文，寻找差距背诵：滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善2、默写：仔细对比原文，发现写作弱点仿写：（二）掌握技巧：万能框架附：20大必背范文：（）小作文：1、新版考研写作教材（09年6月版，下同）最新考研英语大纲样题2008年考研英语大纲样题：Directions:You are prepari

45、ng for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:1) detailed information about the books you want,2) methods of payment,3) time and way of delivery.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own

46、name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address.(10 points)Sample letter:Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing for information about test preparation materials for the IELTS test.I wonder if you have a vocabulary book covering the words required for IELTS, as well as past examination papers with keys and model essays. Besides, how should I pay for these books-by cash, cheque, or any other means? If possible, I would like to use my credit card. Finally, how will these books be shipped and when is the a