2022年甘肃职称英语考试考前冲刺卷五.docx

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1、2022年甘肃职称英语考试考前冲刺卷五（本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为!80分钟,总分100分,60分及格。）单位:姓名:考号:题号单选题多项选择判断题综合题总分分值得分、单项选择题(共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意)1.She (Ionged) to be env i ed and sought after.A. hopedB. wantedC. was eagerD. wished2. They joined the army (willingly).A. intentionallyB. consciouslyC. voluntarilyD. reluctant

2、ly3. When he got out of the managers off i ce, from his f ac i a I expression we knew that his proposal must have been (turned down).A. refusedB. acceptedC. adoptedD. denied4. Wh i I e they were away on vocation, they a 11 owed their mai I to (be accumuIated) at the post off i ce.A. be decreasedB. b

3、e deliveredC. be piled upD. be returned5. After the whole day s march, they are too (fatigue) to waIk any more.A. hungryB. sleepyC. thirstyD. tired6. Starfish (cling to) stones by the suet i on of their innumerable tube feet.A. attractB. destroyC. swim over toD. hold fast to7. Don t be so (i nnocent

4、) as to be I ieve everything the pol it icians say.A. ignorantB. illiterateC. simpleD. stupid8. We were so greatly (attracted) by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year.A. fascinatedB. disturbedC. fooledD. surprised9. Peter was an (energetic) and athIetic y

5、outh.A. alertB. awkwardC. activeD. skillful10. The (current) edition of that magazine discusses the ancient civiIization of Latin America.A. firstB. latestC. oldD. special11. Resistance to Malarial. Our job, said the health officer, is to spray the walls of every house in every town and v i11 age in

6、 the malaria parts of Mexico. You may be surprised to learn that there are about n i nety-n i ne thousand separate v i11 ages and towns. Some are big pI aces I ike Mexico City, some are single houses deep in the jungles or upon the mountain-tops. The men working with our programme say that most of t

7、hese local ities Iie within districts warm enough for the malaria-carrying mosquitoes to Iive in and spread the disease. That means that we must plan to spray the walls of nearly three million house once or twice a year for five years. 2. nWe have studied everything very careful ly, the officer cont

8、inued. Our advance guards have drawn maps of some forty thousand parts of the country for use by the spray teams. Each house in the malar ia di str i cts has been g i ven a spec i a I number. The Un i ted Nat i ons has given us cars and trucks to carry the spray teams and their tools, but many of th

9、e houses to be sprayed are too difficult to reach by car. Half of our spray teams go on horseback or by boat. H3. The malaria programme has been popular with the Mexican peopIe. Everyone wants to help. The navy has offered us the services of ships. The Defence Department is helping us plan the movem

10、ent of men and suppl ies. The Ministry of Education has printed sheets in Spanish and the more widely spoken Indian I anguages to exp lain how malaria is spread and why spray i ng helps. Doctors have spoken in the churches of many commun i t i es to exp lain the programme. 4. Resistance is a problem

11、. It was in the United States that such resistance to sprays was first proved. Since then many other i nsects have deve I oped resistance to poisons. Take the case of the housefly and D. D. T. At first D. D. T. killed them off. For a time flies died quickly. Then no more. Now D. D. T. wont hurt a fl

12、y. 5. What worries the health workers is the danger that mosquitoes may become resistant. Already resistance to some of the sprays has appeared in parts of the world, a I though no i nsect is yet resistant to al I of the sprays. A. What worries usB. What we have doneC. What s our jobD. More and more

13、 peopIe joined us.E. It will be a hard work. F. What s the problem Paragraph 212. The Function of Tomatoes How do we love tomatoes Let s count the ways: we love them in pasta, on pizza, in juice, in salad and soup, si iced on sandwiches, stuffed with tuna, even dried and baked in bageIs, but most of

14、 all, we love them right off vine-ripe, red, and del icious. While tomato lovers don t need an excuse for eating them by the busheI （蒲式耳），now there s even more reason to savor these del icious fruits.Ev i dence is mount i ng that peopIe who eat tomatoes have a substant i a 11y lower risk for cancer.

15、 In a thousand-person study of eating habits and health, Harvard Med i ca I Schoo I researchers found that those who ate tomatoes every week had the Iowest chance of dying form cancer. Recently, a study of 48, 000 American men showed a 21 to 34 percent lower risk for prostate cancer （前列腺癌）among thos

16、e who consumed tomatoes, tomato sauce, or pizza more than twice a week. And in study of men and women in Italy, eating seven or more serving of raw tomatoes a week was I inked to a 30 to 60 percent reduction in digestive tract and prostate cancers, depend i ng on the type of cancer. The protective q

17、ua Iities of the tomato are thought to come from lycopene（番茄红素）,a potent antioxidant（抗擊化的）plant chemicaI that is abundant in tomatoes. Lycopene is responsible for the red color of tomatoes; the darker red the tomato is, the more Iycopene it contains. Green and yellow tomatoes do not contain lycopene

18、. Lycopoene is also found in watermelon and pink grapefruit, but tomatoes are the most abundant source. Cooking enhances the Iycopene more avaiI able. Thus, tomato sauce and paste is even a better source for Iycopene than fresh raw tomatoes. Lycopene is fat soluble and must be consumed with a certai

19、n amount of fat to be absorbed by the body. Tomato recipes must contain a moderate amount of oi I to ensure that along with a del icious taste treat, you wi 11 also be receiving al I the health benefits tomatoes have to offer.What is the main subject of the passageA. Experiments are done to study to

20、matoes.B. Tomatoes are delicious food.C. Many people love eating tomatoes.D. Eating tomatoes can lower risk for cancer.13. United Nations A major segment of the Untied Nations is the GeneralAssembly, which consists of representatives from al I governments that have ratified the UN Charter. As of 199

21、5,185 states had membership in the general Assembly. Additiona11y, the Vatican, Switzerland, and the Pa I est i ne Liberation Organization have nonvot i ng observer status in the General AssembIy. The General AssembIy approves the UN s budget, acts with the Security Counc i I to se I ect the Secreta

22、ry-genera I and judges of the International Court of Justice, and passes resolutions on issues ranging from seIf-determination and colonial ism to women s rights and the gIobaI distribution of wealth. The General Assembly can meet and vote on any subject, unless the Security Counci I is deal ing wit

23、h it (or at least pretending to). However, its decisions only carry moral force -uni ike the Counci19 9 s. They re not binding in international laws. But the AssembIy votes are an important opinion poll on how and what the majority of the world thinks about issues. Important questions1 need a two-th

24、irds vote of the AssembIy to pass. The question of what is an important question isn t important. Its decided by the delegates themseIves-by a simple majority. Although the General AssembIy has not recognized authority to enforce its cone I us i ons on anything other than internal UN matters, it mak

25、es its viewpoints on issues that are brought before it is known in one of the three ways. A General Assembly declaration is a broad statement of general principle such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, passed in 1948. Declarations are often put forward as an expression of an ideaI, in pr

26、actice they are regularly ignored. A General AssembIy resolution is essentially a document that recommends that member states take a particular policy action. States claim sovereignty and make their own decisions as to whether they wi11 follow a General Assembly resolution. In some cases, however, i

27、f many states impIement a particular resolution, other states that may not wish to act on the resolution may feel themseIves pressured to do so anyway. At the very least, a resolution has the effect of legitimizing the policies of those states that wish to comply with the resolution. Finally, a Gene

28、ral Assembly convention, or treaty, has two meanings. The more comprehensive convention refers to multi lateral treaties voted on by the General Assembly that, upon passage by the General AssembIy, are carried back to the capitals of member states for ratification by whatever means each state uses d

29、omestica11y. In other cases, a General Assembly convention refers specifically to a treaty s i gned between the Un i ted Nat i ons and the government of a nat i on-state, as when in 1956 Egypt agreed to a 11ow Un i ted Nat ions peacekeepi ng forces to enter Egyptian territory.The General AssembIy is

30、 responsible for deaIing with the international matters.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not Mentioned14. Euthanasia: a Heated Iy Debated Topic We mustn t delay any longer. swa I I owing （吞咽）is difficult. and breathing, that s also difficult. Those muse Ies are weaken i ng too. we mustn t delay any longer. w Th

31、ese were the words of Dutchman（荷兰人）Cees van wendeI de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a ser ious disease, van VendeI was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that h i s cond it ion was rap idly deter i orat i ng. Van Venders last three

32、months of Iife before being given a final, IethaI injection by his doctor were fiI med and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. The Netherlands is the only

33、country in Europe which permits euthanasia （安乐死），a I though it i s not techn i ca I I y legal there.However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict gu i de Ii nes introduced by the Dutch Par Iiament（议会）two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guide Iines demand that the pat i ent i s exp

34、eriencingextreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor must conf irm（证实）that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department.Shou I d doctors be a 11 owed

35、to take the Iive of others Dr. WiIfred Van Oi jen, Cees van Vendel s doctor, explains how he looks at the question:wWe11, it s notas if I in planning to murder a crowd of peopIe with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But that1 s entirely different from my work as

36、 a doctor. I care for peopIe and I try to ensure that they don t suffer too much. That s very d i fferent th i ng. Many peopIe, though, are totaI Iy against the practice of euthanasia. Dr. Andrew Ferguson, Chai rman of the organization Healthcare opposed to Euthanasia, says that in the vast majority

37、 of euthanasia cases , what the patient is actua11y asking for is something else. They may want a health professional to open up communication for them with their loved ones or fam iIy-there s nearly a I ways another question beh i nd the question. Britain also has a strong tradition of hospices-spe

38、c i a I hospitals which care only for the dying and their spec i a I needs. Cicely Saunders, President of the NationaI Hospice Counci I and a founder member of the hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesn t take into account that there are ways of car ing for the dying. She is also concerned t

39、hat allowing euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people; It s very easy in society now for the elderly, the d i sab I ed （伤残的）and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt （脱离）out. I think that anything that legaI

40、ly al Iows the shortening of I ife does make thosepeopIe more vulnerable （脆弱的）.Many find this prohibition of ani nd i vidua I s r i ght to the paterna I i st i c （家长式的）.AI though they agree that I ife is important and should be respected, they feel that the qua I ity of Iife shouId not be ignored. D

41、r. Van Oi jen be Iieves that peopIe have the fundamenta I right to choose for themse I ves if they want to die: What those peopIe who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying peopIe haven t the right. And that when peopIe are very ill, we are al I afraid of their death. But there are situation

42、s where death is a friend. And in those cases, why not But why not is a question which might cause strong emot ion. The f i Im showing Cees Van VendI s death was both moving and sensitive. His doctor was clearly a fami ly friend; his wife had only her husband s interests at heart. Some, however, wou

43、ld argue that it would be dangerous to use this particular examp I e to support the case for euthanasia. Not al I patients would receive such a high level of i nd i v i duaI care and attent i on.Who is against euthanasiaA. Dr. Wifred Van Oijen.B. Dr. Andrew Ferguson.C. Cicely Saunders. D. Both B and

44、 C.15. Premature Smoking: A Serious Problem The third report on smoking and hea I th from the Roya I Col I ege of Phys i c i ans, wh i ch was pub I i shed th i s month, contains important new sections on the smoking habits of chi Idren and the possible effect, on their future health. These incIude a

45、 twenty fold in the increase in the risk of lung cancer in heavy smokers and an increase of about three and a half times in the risk of dying from coronary（冠状的）heart disease; chronic（慢性的）oronchitis （支气管炎） and emphysema （肺 气肿）are also much commoner. Feachers p I ay an importantpart in determining the

46、 attitude of chi Idren to smoking, whether or not the chiIdren start to smoke, and in providing know I edge about the consequences of smoki ng. Whenever I see chi Idren of schooI age open Iy smok i ng in pub I ic, I wonder whether they real ly understand what they are doing. Probably most do not. I

47、at least know that my clinical practice in lung disease wi 11 not be short of patients for the rest of my working I ife. About 34 percent of boys aged 15 smoke, and two thirds of this number of girls. Over the past ten years there has been a smalI but we I come reduction in the number of boys who sm

48、oke at this age, but an increase in the number of girls. One large study has shown that of those chi Idren who smoke more than one cigarette, as many as 85 percent become habitual （习惯的）smokers. This is partly because nicotine is one of the most dependent-producing drugs known, on a par with heroin a

49、nd other hard drugs in this respect. One in three smokers start before the age of nine, some even as young as five. The causes of premature death which one-third of smokers wi11 suffer, and of the prolonged iIInesses which affect so many of them, are described in the report; its enough to say that the younger a chi I