C++_STL范例大全_教程.docx

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1、Sample of STLSTL范例（一）容器部分Vector1Deque20L i st38Set66Mult i set88Map98Stack136Queue138Priori ty_queue139VectorconstructorsSinclude #include Sinclude Sinclude using namespace std; int main () |string str=Alex, John, Robert;/ empty vector object vector vl;/ creates vector with 10 empty elements vector

2、v2(10);/ creates vector with 10 elements,/ and assign value 0 for each vector v3(10, 0);/ creates vector and assigns/ values from string array vector v4(str+0, str+3);vector:iterator sit = v4.begin();while ( sit != v4. end() cout *slt+ ; cout endl;/ copy constructor vector v5(v4); for ( int i=0; i3;

3、 i+ ) cout v5i ;cout endl; return 0;)OUTPUT:/ Alex John Robert/ Alex John Robert assign#include Sinclude #include #include using namespace std;int main ()(int ary=l, 2, 3, 4, 5);vector v;/ assign to the v the contains of aryv. assign (ary, ary+5);copy (v. beginO, v. end(), ostream_iterator(cout,);co

4、ut endl;/ replace v for 3 copies of 100v. assign (3, 100);copy (v. beginO, v. end(), ostream_iterator(cout,);cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ 1 2 3 4 5/ 100 100 100at#include #include using namespace std; int main ()(vector v (3, 0);v0 = 100;v. at(1) = 200;for ( int i=0; i3; i+ ) cout v.at(i) cout endl;r

5、eturn 0;)OUTPUT:/ 100 200 0back#include #include #include #include using namespace std; template class Member (public:Member (T t, D d) : name(t), sal (d) void print ();private: T name; D sal; );template void Member:print() (cout name sal endl;)/int main () (typedef Member M; vector v;v. push_back(M

6、(Robert”, 60000);v. push_back (M (Linda, 75000);vector: : iterator It = v. begin(); cout Entire vector: endl;while ( It != v. end()(It+) -print ();cout endl;cout Return from back() endl;v. back (). print (); return 0;)OUTPUT:/ Entire vector:/ Robert 60000/ Linda 75000/ Return from back()/ Linda 7500

7、0 begin#include #include #include Sinclude using namespace std;int main () (vector v(5);iota(v. begin (), v. end(), 1);vector:iterator It = v. begin();while ( It != v. end() cout *It+ cout endl;/ third element of the vectorIt = v. begin()+2;cout *It endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ 1 2 3 4 5/ 3capacity#includ

8、e Winclude using namespace std;int main ()(vector v(10);cout ”Size of v = v. size() endl;cout Capacity of v = v. capacity () endl;v. resize (100);cout After resizing: endl;cout Size of v = v. sizeO endl;cout Capacity of v = v. capacity () endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ Size of v = 10/ Capacity of v = 10/ Af

9、ter resizing:/ Size of v = 100/ Capacity of v = 100 clearWinclude Winclude ttinclude using namespace std; template class Print (public:void operator () (T& t) (cout t ” );/ /一二二二 int main () (vector v(10);Print print;fill (v. beginO, v. end(), 5);cout Vector v :;for_each(v. begin(), v. end(), print)

10、; cout endl;cout Size of v = v. size() endl;cout v.clear endl;v. clear ();cout Vector v :for_each(v. beginO, v. end(), print); cout endl;cout Size of v = v. size() endl;cout Vector v is ;v. empty() ? cout : cout notcout emptyz， endl;return 0;)/ Vector v : 5555555555/ Size of v = 10/ v. clear/ Vector

11、 v :/ Size of v = 0/ Vector v is empty emptySinclude #include using namespace std;int main ()(vector v;cout ”Vector is ;v. empty () ? cout : cout not cout empty endl;v. push_back (100);cout Vector is ;v. empty () ? cout : cout not cout empty endl;return 0;)/ Vector is empty/ Vector is not emptyendSi

12、nclude Sinclude Sinclude #include using namespace std; int main ()vector v(5);iota(v. beginO, v. end(), 1);vector:iterator It = v.begin();while ( It != v. end()cout *It+ ”cout endl;/ last element of the vectorIt = v. end()-1;cout *It endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/ 1 2 3 4 5/ 5erase#include #include #includ

13、e Sinclude using namespace std;int main () | vector v(10); vector:iterator It; for ( int i=0; i(cout, )；cout endl;It = v. begin()+2;/ remove third elementv. erase (It);copy (v. begin (), v. end (), ostream_iteratorint(cout, );cout endl;It = v. beginO ;/ remove 2 elements from beginning fo vv. erase

14、(It, It+2);copy (v. beginO, v. end(), ostream_iteratorint(cout,);cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ 123456789 10/ 12456789 10/ 4 5 6 7 8 9 10frontSinclude #include Winclude Winclude using namespace std; template class Member (public:Member (T t, D d) : name(t), sal (d) void print ();private: T name; D sal;

15、 );template void Member:print() (cout name sal endl;)= int main () (typedef Member M; vector v;v. push_back (M (Linda”, 75000);v. push_back(M(Robert,60000); vector: : iterator It = v. begin(); cout Entire vector: print ();cout endl;cout Return from front() endl;v. front (). print ();return 0;)OUTPUT

16、:/ Entire vector:/ Linda 75000/ Robert 60000/ Return from front()/ Linda 75000 insertWinclude #include Sinclude Sinclude using namespace std; template class Print (public:void operator () (T& t) (cout t ; );= int main () (int ary5;fill (ary, ary+5, 1); vector v;vector:iterator It; Print print;copy (

17、ary, ary+5, back_inserter(v);cout ”vector v:for_each (v. begin (), v. end (), print); cout endl;It = v. beginO ;/ insert value 5 at the position It cout v. insert (It, 5):;v. insert (It, 5);for_each(v. beginO, v. end(), print);cout endl;/ insert range ary+2 - ary+5 at the position It = v. begin()+5;

18、cout v. insert (It,ary+2,ary+5 :;v. insert (It, ary+2, ary+5);for_each (v. begin (), v. end (), print);cout endl;/ insert 2 value of 20 at the position It It = v. end()-2;cout z，v. insert (It, 2, 20):;v. insert (It, 2, 20);for_each (v. begin (), v. end(), print);cout endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/ vector v

19、/ v. insert (It, 5)/ v. insert(It, ary+2,ary+5/ v. insert (It, 2, 20)111115 111115 111111115 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 20 1 1max_sizeSinclude #include using namespace std; int main ()(vector v(10);cout ”Size of v = v. sizeO endl;cout Max_size of v = v. max_size() endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ Size of v = 10/ Max_size

20、 of v = 1073741823pop_back#include #include #include using namespace std; template class Print (public:void operator () (T& t) (cout t );= int main () (vector v;Print print;for ( int i=0; i5; i+ ) v.push_back(i+l);while ( ! v. empty () (for_each(v. beginO, v. end(), print); cout endl;v. pop_back ();

21、) return 0; OUTPUT: /1234 5/1234/123/12/ 1 push_backSinclude Sinclude Sinclude #include using namespace std; template class Namepublic:Name (T t) : name (t) void print() cout name ) private:T name;11=int main ()(typedef Name N;typedef vector V;V v;N nl (Robert);N n2 (Alex);v. push_back (nl);v. push_

22、back(n2);/ unnamed object of the type Name v. push_back(N(Linda);V: iterator It = v. begin();while ( It != v. end()(lt+)print ();cout endl;return 0;)OUTPUT:/ Robert Alex Lindarbegin and rend#include Sinclude Sinclude Sinclude #include Sinclude using namespace std;class IDfriend bool operator ( const

23、 ID&, const ID& );public:ID(string name, int score) : name(name), score (score) void display () cout. setf (ios: : left);cout setw(3) score name endl;private:string name; int score;);/ comperation function for sortingbool operator ( const ID& a, const ID& b ) (return a. score b. score;)/typedef vect

24、or Vector; / new name for existing datatypeint main () (Vector v;Vector:iterator Iter;v. push_back (ID(z，Smith A,96);v. push_back (ID(Amstrong B. ”, 91);v. push_back (ID(Watson D. , 82);for ( Iter = v. begin() ; Iter != v. end(); Iter+ ) Iter-display ();sort (v. begin(), v. end() ; / sort algorithmc

25、out endl ,Sorted by Score display ();cout endl Reverse output endl;cout *=* endl;Vector: :reverse_iterator r = v. rbeginO ;while ( r != v. rend()cout display();cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ 96 Smith A./ 91 Amstrong B./ 82 Watson D./ Sorted by Score/ =/ 82 Watson D./ 91 Amstrong B./ 96 Smith A./ Revers

26、e output/ / 96 Smith A./ 91 Amstrong B./ 82 Watson D.reserveSinclude #include using namespace std;int main ()(vector v (5, 0); / 5 elements, each - value 0/*/cout ”Size of v = v. size() endl;cout Capacity v = v. capacity () endl;cout 、 Value of each element is-;for ( int i = 0; i v. size(); i+ ) cou

27、t vi cout endl;v0 = 5;/ new value for first elementvl = 8;v. push_back (3);/ creates new (6th) element of vector,v. push back (7);/ automatically increases sizecout endl;/ capacity of vector vcout Size of v = v. size() endl;cout Capacity v = v. capacity () endl; cout Value of each element is - ;for

28、( int i = 0; i v. size() ; i+ )cout vi cout endl endl;v. reserve(100); / increase capacity to 100cout ”Size of vl_int = v. size() endl; cout Capacity vl_int = v. capacity () endl; int size = sizeof(v); / how big is vector itself cout sizeof v = size endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ Size of v = 5/ Capacity v =

29、 5/ Value of each element is - 0 0 0 0 0/ Size of v = 7/ Capacity v = 10/ Value of each element is -5800037/ Size of v = 7/ Capacity v = 100/ sizeof v = 12resize#include Winclude #include #include using namespace std;int main ()(vector v(5);for ( int i=0; i5; i+ ) vi = i*2;copy (v. begin (), v. end

30、(), ostream_iterator(cout,);cout endl;v. resize (7, 100);copy (v. begin(), v. end(), ostream_iterator(cout,);cout endl;v. resize (4);copy (v. beginO, v. end(),ostream_iterator (cout, )； cout endl;return 0;OUTPUT:/ 0 2 4 6 8/ 0 2 4 6 8 100 100/ 0 2 4 6size#include #include #include #include using nam

31、espace std; template class Print |public:void operator () (T& t) (cout t );11= int main () vector v(5);Print print;cout ”Size of v = v. size() endl; fill (v. begin(), v. end(),;for_each(v. begin(), v. end(), print); cout endl;for ( int i=0; i v. sizeO ; i+ ) cout vi cout endl;for ( int i=0; i5; i+ )

32、cout Size of v =;for_each (v. begin (), v. end (), print);cout endl;v. pop_back();)return 0;)OUTPUT:/ Size of v = 5*/ Size of v=*/ Size of v 二*/ Size of v 二*/ Size of v 二*/ Size of v = * swapSinclude Sinclude #include using namespace std;template class Print (public:void operator () (T& t) (cout t “

33、； );二二二int main () (int ary 二1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10;Print print;vector vl (ary, ary+7);vector v2 (ary+7, ary+10);cout Vector vl :;for_each (vl. begin (), vl. end (), print); cout endl;cout ”Size of vl = vl. size () endl endl;cout Vector v2 :;for_each (v2. begin (), v2. end (), print);cout end

34、l;cout Size of v2 = v2. size () endl endl;vl. swap(v2);cout After swapping: endl;cout Vector v1 :;for_each (vl. begin (), vl. end (), print);cout endl;cout Size of vl = vl. size() endl endl;cout Vector v2 :;for_each (v2. begin (), v2. end (), print);cout endl;cout Size of v2 = v2.size() endl endl;re

35、turn 0;OUTPUT:/ Vector vl : 1234567/ Size of vl = 7/ Vector v2 : 8 9 10/ Size of v2 = 3/ After swapping:/ Vector vl : 8 9 10/ Size of vl = 3/ Vector v2 : 1234567/ Size of v2 = 7DequeconstructorsSinclude Sinclude #include Winclude using namespace std; int main () (string str=Alex, John, Robert;/ empt

36、y deque object deque dl;/ creates deque with 10 empty elements deque d2(10);/ creates deque with 10 elements, / and assign value 0 for each deque d3(10, 0);/ creates deque and assigns/ values from string array deque d4 (str+0,str+3); deque:iterator sit = d4. begin();while ( sit != d4. end() cout *sl

37、t+ ”； cout endl;/ copy constructor deque d5 (d4); for ( int i=0; i3; i+ )cout d5i ;cout endl; return 0;OUTPUT:/ Alex John Robert/ Alex John RobertassignSinclude #include #include Sinclude using namespace std;int main () (int ary=1, 2, 3, 4, 5;deque d;/ assign to the d the contains of aryd. assign (ary, ary+5);copy (d. beginO, d. end(), ostream_iterator(cout, );cout endl;/ replace d for 3 copies of 100d. assign (3, 100);