冲刺指导考研英语小作文必背范文.docx

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1、冲刺指导：考研英语小作文必背范文在前一篇文章中，英语老师为大家提供了小作文申请信的写作模版，相信同学们对小作 文申请信已经有了概念性的理解。今天，我们为同学们提供求职信和求学信两篇范文，希望 同学们从中深化概念，深入了解申请信的写作。范文1:求职信Applying for the Position of Assistant for Marketing Project ManagerDirections:You are a senior of English for Business. A German company in China is recruiting an assistant to

2、 marketing project manager, which requires a good command of English and knowledge in German especially. Write a letter of about 100 words applying for the position, introducing yourself and asking for an interview. You neednJ t write the address. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter,

3、using aWang Lin” insteadoDear Sirs,I am graduating from the Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade this summer. As a student of English for Business, I hope to work for a foreign company after graduatiorioIn the past three academic years, I have proved myself to be a straight student, awarded a success

4、ion of scholarships. My English is particularly good and German happens to be my second foreign language, which will live up to the requirements set by a wholly foreign-owned enterprise like yoursoI apply for the position of assistant to your marketing project manager. You will find me a good team p

5、layer, self-motivated and eager to learn. I believe I can be of value to your companyoEnclosed please find my resumeoI should be very happy if you would arrange an interview with meoYours sincerely,Wang Lin范文2：求学信Dear Professor Smi th,I am writing to apply for admission to your university for furthe

6、r studies in the field of Physical Chemistry leading to a Ph. D. degree. I would also like to apply for a position as a teaching assistant. Would you please send me the necessary information and forms?I am 26, male, majoring in chemistry. I received my M. S. degree from Nanjing University of Science

7、 and Technology in 1994. I have been working as a teaching assistant in the chemistry Department there。An early reply would be appreciated. Thank you。Respectfully yours,(Signature)Li Ming范文3：感谢信Thanks for One s HospitalityDirections:Your delegation has just returned from a visit to a university in G

8、reat Britain. And you were warmly treated there by Professor Herthwell. Please write a letter to express your thanks to him for his hospitality and hope for further cooperationQDear Prof. Herthwell,Many thanks for your kind hospitality and the honor you showed me during our delegation s recent visit

9、 to your university. It was nice of you to introduce me to so many of your famous professors and celebrated scholars at your university. We had a safe and sound trip home. Now we have resumed our workoMeanwhile, I hope you will someday pay a short visit to our university and give us some lectures on

10、 aModern Western Economicsw 。Please have no hesitation in writing to me if you want me to do something for you in China。With best wishesoSincerely yours,Li Dong以下是感谢类小作文写作中的几句常用语：Thank you very much /indeed forI am obliged to you for your assistance duringThank you very much for the gift you sent me

11、. It is one of the most wonderful gifts I got on my birthday。Thanks to your effort, we had our most successfulever。Please accept my sincere thanks for your help, which I will never forgetoAgain, I would like to express my warm thanks to youo感谢信:Directions:You are a student from the earthquake-strick

12、en area, Wenchuan and your tuition fees have been remitted by the authority of the university. Write a letter to show your gratitudeoYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” insteadoDo not write the addresso (10 points)咨询信：D

13、irections:You want to study further for a Master* s degree and you are preparing for the entrance exam. Since you have difficulty in English, you should write a letter to your friend Wang Fang to ask the way of improving your EnglishoYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign you

14、r own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming“ insteadoDo not write the addresso (10 points)求职信Directions:You are a senior of computer science. You* d like to be an intern for an IT company. Write a letter to present your interests. The letter should include:1)your education background.2)your pur

15、pose of being an intern.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” insteadoDo not write the addresso (10 points)推荐信Directions:The Students* Union in your university is going to hold a series of lectures about studies of Chines

16、e ancient civi 1 ization such as the Analects of Confucius and asks students to recommend their favorite professors in this field. As a student , you want to write a letter to recommend a professor with your reasonsoYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the

17、end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ insteadoDo not write the addresso (10 points)摘要1. Directions:Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)中国领跑低碳经济按照气候组织的说法，中国已经领跑低碳经济。这家国际非营利机构在上月发布的 中国的清洁革命n低碳商机报告中称：“中国企业目前已经在多个低碳产品和服务领域取 得世界领先地位

18、,其中以可再生能源相关行业最为突出。”其新闻稿中也有类似的说法：“中 国在短时间内已经在一系列低碳技术的开发和商业化方面处于全球领先地位。”促进经济向低碳排放模式转型，既是各国在应对气候变化问题上取得的共识，也是新一 轮国际经济竞争的主要着力点。在低碳经济的竞争中，中国长期处于落后地位。难道中国竟 然可以在短时间内创造奇迹，变成低碳经济赛场上的“牙买加飞人”博尔特？这种奇迹真的 发生了吗？事实恐怕并非如此。根据气候组织的报告，最能说明中国领跑低碳经济的行业当属风能、太阳能等可再生能 源。其中，风能发电是“最为风光的”。中国的风电装机在不到8年的时间里突破1千万千 瓦，赶上印度成为亚洲第一，预计

19、到明年还将超越德国和西班牙，成为仅次于美国的“榜 眼”。但“风光”的背后，难以掩盖的是技术的落后和市场的无序。实际上，中国的风电发 展并不健康，这大概已经成为业内的共识。中国国家电力监管委员会的调研报告在肯定中国 风电发展成效的同时，毫不客气地指出中国风电机组的关键技术研发水平和创新能力与国外 相比明显落后，仍局限于材料的选用和局部工艺改进，没有掌握风电整机总体设计方法的核 心技术，换句话说，中国的风机制造企业，至今不过是外国企业在中国的“组装车间”。此 外，中国企业“组装”出的风机，产品质量和运行可靠性都存在问题，国产机组可利用率与 国外同类机型的机组相比明显偏低。被气候组织视为中国低碳经济

20、另一亮点的太阳能光伏发电产业，同样不容乐观。的确， 以无锡尚德为代表的一批光伏企业，一经使中国成为世界最大的光伏组件出口国。但无锡尚 德的成功并不意味着中国已经在光伏发电相关技术方面占据领跑地位。中国光伏企业多半处 于大规模制造状态，技术含量并不高。在光伏发电的上游，即多晶硅材料的生产中，中国企 业也仍然需要从国外进口关键技术和设备。更有甚者，一些多晶硅企业在生产中带来了严重 污染，给“光伏发电”这个清洁产业蒙上了阴影。有人形象地称之为“消费在外，污染在 内”。中国大力发展风电和光伏产业，本来是一件好事，但一定要合理布局，并注重技术创新, 而最忌讳的莫过于头脑发热。尤其需要指出的是，低碳经济绝

21、不仅仅是风用和光伏。在中国 的能源结构中，煤炭仍将长期占据主导地位。那么，提高煤炭的利用效率，开发清洁煤技术, 理应成为中国发展低碳经济的重中之重。但是，与建设新的风电场相比，开发清洁煤技术要 困难得多，大概也不容易体现出某些地方官员的政绩。此外，如何降低建筑、交通等行业的 能耗，控制其温室气体排放，同样影响着中国低碳经济的未来。在这些方面，中国也远未达 到领跑世界的地步。应该说，中国近年来在低碳技术和低碳经济发展上已经取得令人可喜的进步，但要像 100米跑道上的博尔特那样傲视群雄，还有很长的路要走。参考范文：This article refutes the claim made by the

22、 Climate Group that China has taken the lead in the race towards a low-carbon economy. The author analyses problems in the development of the country* s renewab1e-energy sector such as wind and solar power. He/She points out that China lacks the technology it needs and is little more than the assemb

23、ly workshop for foreign enterprises. The article concludes that in spite of the progress in recent years towards a low-carbon economy, China has to focus more on technology innovation, environmental sustainability and overall strategic coordination, and there is still a long way to go before China b

24、ecomes the Usain Bolt of the low-carbon race。2. Directions:Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)作为研究活动的科学是个过程科学作为一种研究活动，主要是由科学研究的主体即科学共同体、科学家或科学人展开 的。它包括这种活动的发生学和逻辑起点的科学目的或目标、动机或动力，包括两种主要的 研究形式基础研究和应用研究，也包括在研究活动中不时运用的科学方法，以

25、及知识生 产过程中最重:要的两项活动科学发明(或科学发现)和理论评价。即使从科学家个人角度讲，科学研究活动也是一个漫长、曲折、复杂而且充满酸甜苦辣 的过程。且不说爱因斯坦为狭义相对论和广义相对论分别奋斗了整整10年，也不说他为统 一场论奉献了 40年余生还未取得实质性的成果，仅仅是为了发现简单的实验定律，他也需 要耗费大量的时间和精力用于观察、实验、整理和分类数据、归纳、概括、推理、想象、检 验等等。更不必提及科学共同体借助相互批判和相互检验的过程协商一致需要相当多的时 日；也不必言说科学除了我们强调的是认识过程之外，还是一个错综复杂的社会过程、历史 过程和文化过程。科学研究活动之所以是个漫长

26、而复杂的过程，主要是由研究对象（客观实在）的深奥 性、隐秘性和无限性以及研究主体的思想过程性决定的。关于前者，玻姆从微观现象的研究 中洞察到，即使“基本粒子”也能被创造、湮灭和变换。这就表明，甚至“基本粒子”也不 可能是终极实体，它们也是从某一更深的运动层次抽象出来的相对不变的形式。他说：任 何可描述的事件、对象、实体等，都是从未知的和不可定义的流运动总体中抽象出来的。这 意味着，不管我们关于物理学定律的知识走得多么远，这些定律的内容所涉及的仍将是这样 一些只具有相对的存在独立性和行为独立性的抽象。所以，人们不会被引导去假设，物体、 事件集合的一切性质必定可用一组可知的终极实体加以说明。在任何

27、阶段，这些集合的更进 一步的性质都可能产生，其终极根据应该被看成是全体流的未知总体。”玻姆也注意到，科 学家的思维或思想具有过程性。他说：为了探究认知怎样被理解为过程的问题，我们首先注 意到，一切知识都是在思想中产生、展开、传达、变换和运用的。在其变化运动中（而不只 在其相对明确定义的映象与观念的内容中）来考虑，思想确实是过程，在其中知识具有其实 际而具体的存在性。思想过程是什么？思想实质上是记忆在生活的每个时期的能动反映。思 想包括智力的、情绪的、感官的、肌肉的和生理的记忆反映。这些反映是一个不可分解的过 程的一切侧面。分离地对待它们就会助长破碎化与混乱。它们全体是对每一实际境况的个 记忆反

28、映过程，这个反映又导致对记忆的进一步贡献，从而成为卜一步思想的条件。科学作为研究活动或精神生产过程，具有某些别具一格的特征。多尔比把它们概括如下: （1）它遵循合理性的方法论。方法论有时覆盖新洞察产生的过程（或者这可能被归功于创造性 的天才），它总是覆盖洞察借以确立为知识的过程。自17世纪以来，科学方法论便给出了竞 争的论述，这在它们强调用合适的数学语言精确地描述和测量、系统地观察和仔细构造的实 验方面有所不同。对方法论的初步要求是，它可靠地产生作为它的结果的知识，或者至少减 少误差的可能性。立足于无批判地接受传统仕匕如说流行的占星术）的智力实践被认为是非科 学的（2）它在独特的建制框架内被维

29、持，该框架的首要意图是产生新知识，并与其他在面 对批判中幸存下来的知识交流。在高等教育体系和科学研究机构中，科学的建制框架担负训 练新一代研究者的任务。许多现代科学是如此深奥，以致它只能在这种建制框架内繁荣，在 此之外进行的智力事业往往容易被作为不科学的东西被打发掉。（3）科学会导致它的从业者 离开传统的常识形式。科学研究活动使用了日益增长的全套技术手段，尤其是各种科学仪器。 科学研究起源于人的直接经验，但是不再固定于这种经验。毋宁说，它是在间接的以仪器为 中介的特殊建制框架内被建构的。通过诉诸直觉的常识判断而不是诉诸学科专门化的特殊实 践的智力事业，容易被视为非科学的东西。不过，我们还是要强

30、调，追求真理和诉诸证明构成科学活动过程的本质性的特征。追求 真理贯穿在科学活动的始终从科学的目的和动机,到新知识从私人领域进入公共知识的 宝库。诉诸证明渗透在所有基础研究和应用研究活动中，特别体现在科学的实证方法、理性 方法乃至臻美方法中，它在科学发明和理论评价过程中更是须臾不可或缺的。参考范文:Science as a Process of ResearchBeyond its traditional definition as a static and systematic knowledge-base, science should also be regarded as a dynam

31、ic process of acquiring new knowledge based on various scientific methods. Setting out on an arduous journey, scientists collect observable evidence of natural or social phenomena, record measurable data relating to the observations, and analyze this information to construct theoretical explanations

32、 of the nature and the properties of the world around us. In general, exploring the unknown is a rational and exciting adventure, which is oriented in the pursuit of truth and the appeal for justification3. Directions:Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English word

33、s on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)英国人应对经济衰退的主要方法买份收入保险你可以买一份与你每月的收入有联系的保险,这样你就每个月都有钱来 偿还债务。举个例子来说，每月支付35英镑的保费购买一份“收入保护险”，受保人就为 自己的税前收入的60%保了险，付足一年保金后，每月最高可以得到1000英镑的赔付。挑选一张王牌信用卡及时清偿信用卡和其他消费者应付账款至关重要，但信用卡发卡 银行如今正在抬高价格，缩短“免息”期。虽然依惯例消费者使用信用卡有56天的免息期, 但是不少发卡商把这个期限缩短成了 50天。同时，信用卡余额代偿业务的利息也在提高。如果你想换一张利息便宜点的

34、卡，乐购卡和巴克莱银行OnePulse卡都可以接受从其他 卡转移来的余额。据比价服务网站moneysupermarket, com提供的资料，这两种卡在接受换 卡之后的前14个月以内都对卡内余额给与免息，且免息期依然是56天。每笔换卡业务都收 取转账金额2. 9%的过户费，满14个月之后，巴克莱银行卡的利息上升至14. 9%,乐购卡的 利息上升至15. 9%,但在14个月的免息期内不要使用信用卡消费。尽量多还些抵押贷款如果你平时能多付一些房屋按揭贷款,那么手头紧的时候就可以 不还贷款。但除此以外，还可以大大缩短还贷期限。在能多付的时候多付一点，25年累积 下来一定省下不少钱。如果一位房主在Fi

35、rst Direct银行办理了终身可变利率抵押贷款，(去年)10月每月需 偿还约1000英镑，而现在每月偿还的最低限额降到了 690英镑。如果利率持续处在历史最 低水平，而房主依然每月偿付1000英镑，那么他就可望在贷款期间节省1.6万英镑，提前 9年还清贷款。把钱存在便于使用的账户里高于6%的奇高储蓄利率已经下降，但有的利息仍然高达 大约4%,预期到明年新年还会降息，你或许得赶快行动了。管好退休金如果你的退休金也像如今大多数私营企业的退休金计划那样直接和股市 联系在一起，你可能已经为最近股价的跌宕起伏而揪心不已了。如果你年龄未到50岁，在你退休之前市场也许早已回暖了：但如果你的年龄大于50

36、岁，大多数管理完善的与投资相关的退休金计划都属于所谓的“生活方式退休金”在你 越来越接近退休年龄的时候，帮你逐渐从投资股票转为投资债券。不过，如果你就要迎来50岁生日，那现在就该找你的退休金经理商量一下了。你可能 想和你的顾问们研究一下，暂且将“生活方式养老金”捂着，等到市场稳定下来再进行投资 是否更加明智。邀请信(A Letter of Invitation)1. Directions:You are going to celebrate your 23rd birthday with a big party. Write a letter to invite your friend Ann

37、e to the party. In the letter, please specify the time and the location, explain the activities, and express your wish for her attendance。You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. Do not write the addresso询问信(A Letter

38、 of Inquiry)1. Directions:You and your family are planning for a trip to Hong Kong during the May holiday. Write a letter to a travel agency to explain your travel plans, ask for relevant information, and express your gratitude for a reply。You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not s

39、ign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. Do not write the addresso投诉信(A Letter of Complaint)1. Directions:You bought a digital camera in a store last week, and you have found that there is something wrong with it. Write a letter to the store manager to explain the problem, ex

40、press your complaints and suggest a solution。You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. Do not write the addresso2. Directions:You live in a room in college which you share with another student. You find it very diffic

41、ult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room。Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next term. You would prefer a single room. Explain your reasonsoYou should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not

42、 sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. Do not write the addresso道歉信(A Letter of Apology)1. Directions:You are invited to a dinner at a friend1 s house, but you are not able to attend because of the preparation for a coming examination. Write a letter to your friends to ex

43、press your apology, explain your reason, and suggest a meeting at another time。You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. Do not write the addresso2. Directions:You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD

44、in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter toDmake an apology,2) suggest a solution. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. Do not write the address所有50多岁的人也都可以这么安排，郎如

45、果持有大批股票，最好考虑暂时观望一阵再 抛出。安排好退休金 如果你的养老储备金比较富余，赶快买一份年金可能是明智之举，这可 以保证你退休期间有一份固定的养老金。在过去的一年里年金利率稍微有所上涨，但随着利 率的下降，预计年金利率会再次下降这就意味着从同样额度的养老金中能获得的收入少 了。重新搭配投资组合 由于利率逐渐走低，你可以重组自己的投资组合，购买一些预期红 利持续可观的公司股票，如公共事业公司、超市、马莎百货公司、制药公司和烟草公司等等。贝尔劳利股票经纪公司经理布莱思约翰斯顿建议立刻制定一个按月存款的计划。他 说：“眼下市场完全偏离实际，不一定什么时候就会发生大反弹。”然而，这项策略只适

46、合 那些心理承受能力强的人。削减基本保险的成本不要不假思索地接受汽车或者房屋保险的重新报价。告诉保险公 司你并不愿意修改保险计划，弗且打算货比三家，这样，他们通常就会降低价格。不管怎么 说，货比三家都是值得的，因为你可能会得到比这还低的报价。增加你的收入 做一份兼职工作，或者打一则出租房间的广告吧。出租一个房间的好处 在于免税，政府的“出租一个房间计划”就是这么规定的，只要出租房间得到的年收入未达 到4250英镑，这部分收入就可以免税。但是做兼职工作和出租房间有所不同，根据税收和 “国民保险制度”的规定，兼职所得收入将会计入你的主要职业的收入当中一并纳税。参考范文：There are many

47、 ways for British people to survive the economic recession. The main ones of them are as followsoFirst of all, British people should insure their income to deal with the recession. Moreover, it is necessary for them to pick a winning credit card and overpay their mortgage while they can. Thirdly, th

48、ey must keep savings in an easily accessible account. Fourthly, they are required to take control of their pension and fix their retirement income. Finally, they have to shake up their share portfolio, cut the cost of essential insurance and boost their income. The above mentioned ways will help the British to weather bad times。4. Directions:Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)对我国英语教育低龄化现象的思考随着中国国际化脚步的加快，英语作为一种重要的交流工具，其地位日渐凸显出来。英 语教育的低龄化成为我国英语教育活动的一种趋势，不仅从小学就开始开设英语课，连学前 儿童也接触并学习英语。(一)英语学习低龄化现象中国社会