小升初英语词汇句型复习.docx

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1、小升初英语词汇句型复习学生易错词汇La, an的选择：元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.2. am , is , are的选择：单数用is ,复数用are. I用am , you用are.3. have , has的选择：表示某人有某物。单数用has ,复数用have. I, you用have .4. there is, there are的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is,复数用there are.5. some, any的选择:肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择:whal （什么）who （谁）where （哪里）whose （谁

2、的）why （为什么）when（什么时候）which （哪一个）how old （多大）how many （多少）how much （多少钱）形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么+动词be （am , is , are ）+形容词比较级+ than （比）+什么，如：r m taller and heavier than you.（我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger.（一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：一般的直接在词尾加 er ,如 ta

3、ll - taller , strong - stronger ,以e结尾的，直接加r ,如fine - finer,以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big - bigger, thin - thinner ,hot - hotter注意比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为： My hair is longer than yours.或 My hair is lo

4、nger than your hair.比较级专项练习：1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big（1） How is the Yellow River? How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm. How are your feet? I wear size 18.（4）How is the fish? Its 2kg.2、根据句意写出所缺的单词（2） Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.（3） A rabbifs tail is than a monkeys tail.（4） An elephant is

5、than a pig.（5） A lake is than a sea.（6） A basketball is than a football.3、根据中文完成句子.（1）我比我的弟弟大三岁.I m than my brother.（2）这棵树要比那棵树高.This tree than that one.（3）你比他矮四厘米.You are than he.（4） 谁比你重？ than you?4、根据答句写出问句（1） rm 160 cm.（2） Im 12 years old.（4） Amys hair is 30 cm long.三：动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有：A、规则动词

6、一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed （此类动词较少）如study - studied carry - carried worry - worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类） 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stoppedB、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式： sing - sang , eat - ate , see - saw , h

7、ave - had , do - did , go - went , take - took , buy 一 bought, get 一 got, read - read ,fly - flew , am/is 一 was , are - were , say - said , leave - left, swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost, find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt, feel - felt xkb 四：动词现在分词详解动词的ing形

8、式的构成规则：一般的直接在后面加上 ing ,如 doing , going , working , singing , eating以e结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running, swimming , sitting , getting五:人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称ImeweUS第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit二、物主代词数人称类别单数复数第一人称人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisher

9、itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的六：句型专项归类1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I* m not a

10、student. She is not (isn, t) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00.1 did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成isn t, aren t”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有

11、动词be 的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do, does, did),然后在它后面加上“nol”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don t,doesn t,didn t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” o3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I* m not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is./ No, she

12、 isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are./ No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am./ No, I am not.(Yes, we are./ No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will./ No, I will not(wont).Are th

13、ey swimming? Yes, they are./ No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did./ No, I didnt.注意小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，新课标第一网把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do, does, did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用

14、“出d O 一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what, where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用yes、no”来回答。如： What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yeste

15、rday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Ifs Amys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? Im fine./ Fm happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容

16、词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如：howmany (多少(数量)，how much (多少(钱),how tall (多高),how long (多长),how big (多大),how heavy (多重)例句： How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.小结：how many用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配

17、，你有多少？ 你能看见多少？ 有多少？How many +名词复数+ do you have?How many +名词复数+ can you see?How many +名词复数+ are there*?七：完全、缩略形式：r m=I am he s=he is she s=she is they re=they are you re=you are there s=there is they re=they are can t=can not don t=do not doesn t=does not isn t=is not aren t=are not let s=let us won

18、t=will notV 11=1 will wasn t=was not总结：通常情况下，m 即 am, k 即 is (但 let s=let us), Ye KP are ，nt DP not (但 can t=can not)A：与字母相关的题型Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu 二.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.( )Hh( )2,( )Bb()三用小写字母抄写下列单词。l.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER(6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE(（注：五个元音字母是Aa Ee li Oo Uu）一.将所给字母的大小写写在四线格上Zz Ff Qq li)3.()L1()4.()Rr()5.

19、()Qq()6.() Ww)3.PLEASE()4.P1CTURE()5.WHERE()8.H0W()9.CAKE()1O.SMALL()三.将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来Lace 2. ieo 3. vuk 4.eul 5. JBI 6.ETV 7. EIO 8. AUE 四.写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写)。1.bee ()2.sea ()3.tea ()4.are ()5.why ()6.you ()九：pep小学英语词汇不完全归类表学习用品(school things)：pen钢笔pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子 book书bag包comic book漫

20、画书 post card 明信片 newspaper 报纸 schoolbag 书包 eraser 橡皮 crayon 蜡笔 sharpener 卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book 数学书 magazine 杂志 dictionary 词典人体(body)：foot脚 head头face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指leg腿tail尾巴颜色(colours)：red 红 blue 蓝 yellow 黄 green

21、绿 white 白 black 黑 pink 粉红 purple 紫 orange 橙 brown 棕动物(animals)：cat 猫 dog 狗 pig 猪 duck 鸭 rabbit 兔 horse 马 elephant 大象 ant 蚂蚁 fish 鱼 bird 鸟 eagle 鹰 beaver 海狸 snake 蛇 mouse 老鼠 squirrel 松鼠 kangaroo 袋鼠 monkey 猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛

22、 donkey驴 squid航鱼lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼seal海豹人物(people)：friend 朋友 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sistei姐妹 brother 兄弟 uncle 叔叔；舅舅 man男人 woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐lady女士；小姐 mom妈妈 dad 爸爸 parents 父母 grandparents 祖父母 grandma/grandmother (外)祖母 grandpa/grandfalher (外)祖父aunt姑姑cousin堂(表)兄弟；堂(表)姐妹son儿子 daughter 女儿 baby

23、 婴儿 kid 小孩 classmate 同学 queen 女王 visitor 参观者 neighbour 邻居 principal 校长 university student 大学生 pen pal 笔友 tourist 旅行者 people 人物 robot机器人职业(jobs):teacher 教师 student 学生 doctor 医生 nurse 护士 driver 司机 farmer 农民 singer 歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演员 actress女演员artist画家 TV reporter电视台记者 engineer 工程师 accountant 会计 pol

24、iceman(男)警察 salesperson 销售员 cleaner 清洁工 baseball player棒球运动员 assistant售货员 police警察食品、饮料(food & drink)：rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水egg蛋 fish鱼tofu豆腐cake 蛋糕 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 cookie曲奇 biscuit饼干 jam 果酱 noodles 面条 meat 肉 chicken 鸡肉 pork 猪肉 mutton 羊肉 vegetable 蔬菜 salad沙拉 soup汤i

25、ce冰ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast 早餐 lunch 午餐 dinner/supper 晚餐 meal 一餐水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)：apple 苹果 banana 香蕉 pear 梨 orange 橙 watermelon 西瓜 grape 葡萄 eggplant 茄子 green beans 青豆 tomato 西红柿 potato 土豆 peach 桃 strawberry 草莓 cucumber 黄瓜 onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜衣服(clothes)：jacket夹

26、克衫shirt衬衫 T-shirt 丁恤衫skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤 pants 长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋 boots靴子 hal(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses 太阳镜 tie 领带 scarf 围巾 gloves 手套 trousers 裤子 cloth 布交通工具(vehicles):bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi 出租车jeep吉普

27、车 van小货车；面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁 motor cycle 摩托车杂物(other things)：window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 board写字板 fan 风扇light灯teacher s desk讲台picture图画；照片 wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘 trash bin 垃圾箱 closet 壁橱 mirror 镜子 end table 床头柜 football/soccer 足球 present礼物Walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话

28、sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱 table 桌子 TV 电视 air-conditioner 空调 key 钥匙 lock锁 photo照片 chart 图表 plate 盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll 洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞 zipper拉链 violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球 nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片 e-mail电子邮件 traffic light交通

29、灯 money钱 medicine药地点(locations)：home 家 room 房间 bedroom 卧室 bathroom 卫生间 living room 起居室 kitchen 厨房 classroom 教室 school 学校 park 公园 library 图书馆 post office 邮局 police office 警察局 hospital医院cinema电影院 bookstore书店farm农场 zoo动物园 garden花园 study 书房 playground 操场 canteen 食堂 teacher * s office 教师办公室 library 图书馆 g

30、ym体育馆 washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室 TV room电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruit stand水果摊 pet shop宠物商店 nature park自然公园theme park主题公园science museum科学博物馆 the Great Wall 长城 supermarket 超市 bank 银行 country 国家 village 乡村 city城市 hometown家乡 bus stop公交车站课程(classes)：sports体育运动 science

31、科学 Moral Education 思想品德课 Social Studies 社会课 Chinese 语文 math数学PE体育课English英语课国家、城市(countries & cities)：China/PRC中国 America/USA美国 UK联合王国 England英国 Canada/CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亚 New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cairo 开罗气象(weather)： cold寒冷的 warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的 hot炎热的rainy下雨的 windy有风的cloud

32、y多云的 weather report天气预报景物(nature)：river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪foresl森林 palh小道road公路 house房子 bridge 桥 building建筑物 rain雨 cloud云 sun太阳 mountain山sky天空 rainbow彩虹 wind风 air空气 moon月亮植物(plants)：flower 花 grass 草 tree 树 seed 种子 sprout 苗 plant 植物 rose 玫瑰 leaf 叶子星期(week)： Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday

33、 星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末月份(months)：Jan.(January)一月 Feb.(February)二月 Mar.(March)三月 April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 Aug.(August)7k 月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)d月 Dec.(December)十二月季节(seasons)： spring 春 summer 夏 fall/autumn 秋 winter 冬方位(directions)：soulh 南 no

34、rth 北 east 东 wesl 西 left 左边 righl 右边患病(illness)：have a fever 发烧 hurt 疼痛 have a cold 感冒have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼have a sore throat 喉咙疼数词(numbers)：one 1 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 eleven H* twelve 十二 thirteen 十三six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 sixteen 十六seventeen

35、 Ht eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九 twenty 二十 thirty 三十 forty 四十 fifty 五十 sixty 六十 seventy 七十 eighty 八十 ninety 九十 forty-two 四十二 hundred 百 one/a hundred and thirty-six 一百三十六 first 第一 second 第二 third 第三 fourth 第四 fifth 第五 eighth 第八 ninth 第九 twelfth 第十二 twentieth 第二十 thirtieth 第三十 fortieth第四十 fiftieth第五十 sixti

36、eth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十 ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六形容词(adj.)：big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的；矮的young年轻的old旧的；老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的h叩py高兴的bored无聊的sad忧

37、愁的laller更高的shorter更矮的 stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的 longer更长的ihinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的 lillle小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的eas

38、y简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的beller更好的higher更高的介词(prep.)：in在里 on在上；在时候 under在下面 near在的旁边 behind在后边 next to与相邻 over在上面in front of在前面代词(pron.)：I我we我们you你；你们he他she她it它they他(她，它)们my我的our 我们的your你的；你们的his他的her她的+：小学三至六年级英语四会单词、句子汇总四年级上册Unit 4： home room school classroom door chair bed desk windowUnit 5： bread egg

39、milk water rice beef chicken fishUnit 6： sister brother father mother farmer driver nurse doctor 四年级下册Unit 1： computer board fans light teacher * s desk picture floor wall This is my computer. That is your computer. Is this a teachers desk? Yes, it is.Unit 2： one two three four five six seven eight

40、nine tenEnglish P.E. music math ChineseWhat time is it? Its two oclock.Unit 3： red blue yellowIts 9:45. Its time for math class.green white skirtshirt jacketdressIs this your T-shirt? No, its not.Unit 4： jeanspantssocksWhat colour is it? shoesIts white.sunny warmcoldsnowyII s warm today. Let s play

41、football. It* s cool. Is it cold?Unit 5： big small long short nice apple banana pear watermelonHow much is it? Its ten yuan. How much are they? Theyre three yuan.Unit 6： cat rabbit pig duck dog eleven twelve fifteen thirteen twenty Are they ducks? No, they arent.How many horses are there? Twelve.五年级

42、上册Unit 1: young funny tall strong kind old short thin smart active strict quietWhos your English teacher? Mr Carter.Whats he like? Hes tall and strong.Is she quite? No, she isnt. Shes very active. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but shes very kind.Unit 2: Monday (Mon.) Tuesday (Tue.) Wednesday (Wed.) Th

43、ursday (Thu.) Friday (Fri.)Saturday (Sat.) Sunday (Sun.) day have do homework watch TV read booksWhat day is it today? Its Wednesday.We have English, math and science on Thursdays.What do you have on Thursday?What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV onSaturdays.Unit 3: eggplant fish green beans tofu

44、potato tomato lunch tasty sweet sour fresh salty favourtie fruit grapeWhat do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.Whats your favourite fruit? I like apples. Theyre sweet.I like fruit. But I dont like grapes. Theyre sour.Unit 4: cook the meals water the flowers sweep the fl

45、oor clean the bedroom make the bed set the tablewash the clothes do the dishes use acomputerWhat can you do? I can sweep the floor.I can cook the meals. I can water the flowers.Can you make the bed? No, I cant.Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.Unit 5: curtain trash bin closet mirror end table bedro

46、om kitchen bathroom living room clothes in on under near over behind The trash bin is behind the door.There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet.Unit 6: mountain river flower

47、grass lake forest path park house bridge tree road building anyIs there a forest in the park? Yes, there is. Is there a river? No, there isnt.五年级下册Unit 1: do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class play sports eat dinnerget up climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking usually often sometimesWhen do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 at noon.