大学精读英语.docx

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1、大学英语精读文本第一册2008-7-1215:51:48来源：TOPC中文网作者：未知【大中小】点击：895次UNIT 1TEXTWant to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? Sounds too good to be true? Well, read on.How to Improve Your Study HabitsTerhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well eno

2、ugh in school, but you probably think you will never be atop student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how:1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of

3、 your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn

4、t occupy all of the free time on the schedule. Its important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activit

5、ies so that you have adequate time for both work and play.2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able t

6、o concentrate on the subject.3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material a

7、nd you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehensionas well.4. Make good use of your time in class. Usterling to what the teacher says in class means less work later. St where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what

8、the teacher says.5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Fteview important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Ftead about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that mater

9、ial too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on test.6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to s

10、how what you have learned about a subject. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your knowledge permanent.There are other techniques tha

11、t might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will i

12、mprove your grades.NEW WORDSaverageh. ordinary普通的；中等的 intelligencei. ability to learn and understand 智力 necessarilyad. inevitably 必定casej. what has really happened; actual condition 实情 additionala. added附加的，额外的n. additionweeklya. done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的schedulen. timetable 时间表chartn.(

13、sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture 图(表)commitvt.指定用于asidead. to the side 在旁边；到(向)一边etc(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things 等等normala. usual正常的readingn. the act or practice of reading 阅读assignmentn. sth. given out as a task (布置的)作业occupyn. tak

14、e up 占用relaxationn.(sth. done for) rest and amusement 休息，娱乐relaxv.hobbyn. what one likes to do in ones free time 业余爱好entertainmentn. show, party, etc. that people enjoy 娱乐entertainvt.solvevt. find an answer to (a problem)解决(问题)awarea. having knowledge or understanding 知道的；意识到的furthermoread. moreover

15、; in addition 而且；此夕卜enablevt. make (sb.) able (to do sth.)使(某人)能(做某事)activityn. sth.(to be) done 活动 adequatea. as much as one needs; enough 充分的；足够的 distractionn. sth. that draws away the mind or attention 分心(或分散注意力)的事物 concentrate (on or upon)vi. pay close attention (to)全神贯注(于) skimvt. read quickly

16、to get the main ideas (of)略读 previewvt. have a general view of (sth.) beforehand 预习 contentn. what is written in a book, etc,内容 organizevt. form into a whole 组织laterad.后来；以后skipvt. pass over 略过 portionn. part; share -部分；一份 doublev. make or become twice as great or as many (使)增力口一倍 comprehensionn. th

17、e act of understanding or ability to understand 理解(力) mentionvt. speak or write about (sth.) in a few words 提及 confuseda. mixed up in ones mind 迷惑的，混淆的 confusevt.textbookn. a standard book for the study of a subject 教科书；课本 performancen. achievement 成绩 meaningfula. having important meaning or value 富

18、有意义的 attituden. what one thinks about sth.态度，看法purposen. aim 目的，意图excessivelyad. too much 过多地，过分地 excessivea.permanenta. lasting for a long time; never changing 持久的；永久的 techniquen. way of doing sth.技巧，方法helpfula. useful; providing help or wiling to help 有益的；给予帮助的,肯帮忙的PHRASES & EXPRSSIONSfill inwrite

19、 in填写，填充decide onmake a choice or decision about 选定，决定set asidesave for a special purpose 留出as wellalso; too; in addition 也，还；同样be aware (of)know (sth.); know (what is happening)知道，意识到concentrate ondirect ones attention, efforts, etc. to 全神贯注于look overexamine (quickly)把看一遍，过目go overreview 复习lead tor

20、esult in 导致TEXTAt sixty-five Francis Chichester set out to sail single-handed round the world. This is the story of that adventure.Sailing Round the WorldBefore he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to fly round the

21、world but failed. That was in 1931.The years passed. He gave up flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlantic sailing race. His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and d

22、octors did not think he could do it, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan. In August,1963, at the age of nearly sixty-five, an age when many men retire, he began the greatest voyage of his life. Soon, he was away in this new 16-metre boat, Gpsy Moth.Chichester f

23、ollowed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships. But the clippers had had plenty of crew. Chicheater did it all by himself, even after the main steering device had been damaged by gales. Chichester covered 14,100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice th

24、e distance anyone had previously sailed alone.He arrived in Australia on 12 December, just 107 days out from England. He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him. On shore, Chichester could not walk without help. Everybody said the same thing:

25、he had done enough; he must not go any further. But he did not listen.After resting in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of his friends attempts to dissuade him. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, during which he sailed round the treacherous

26、 Cape Horn.On 29 January he left Australia. The mext night, the blackest he had ever known, the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over. Food, clothes, and broken glass were all mixed together. Fortunately, bed and wentto sleep. When he woke up, the sea had become calm the nearest perso

27、n he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, Wild be on an island 885 miles away.After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the followiing radio message to London: I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare. Wild horses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that

28、sinister Southern Ocean again.Ju at before 9 oclock on Sunday evening 28 May,1967, he aeeived back in England, where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him. Queeh Elizabeth II knigthed him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth I had sailed round the world for the first time. Th

29、e whole voyage from England and back had covered 28,500 miles. It had taken him nine months , of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.Like many other adventurers, Chichester had experienced fear and conquered it. In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt somethi

30、ng about himself. Moreover, in the modern age when human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.NEW WORDSsingle-handeda & ad.（done） by one person alone 单独的（地） adventuren.冒险（活动）soloa. single-handed 单独的 transatlantica. crossing the Atlantic Ocean 横度大西洋 lungn

31、. part of the body with which one breathes 肺 cancern.癌determineda. with ones mind firmly made up 卜.定了决心的 determinev.determinationn.retirevi. stop working at ones job(because of age)退休 voyageh. sea journey 航海；航行 routei. way from one place to another 路线 clippern.快速帆船crewj. group of people who work tog

32、ether on a ship or aeroplane 全体船员；全体乘务员steervt. make (esp. a boat or road vehicle) go in a particular direction 为.撑舵 devicek. a piece of equipment 设备；装置 steering devicen.操舵装置damagevt. cause harm or injury to 损坏ad. harm, injury 损坏 galel. very strong wind 大风covervt. travel (a certain distance)行过(一段距离)

33、 previouslyad. before 以前 previousa.attemptn. try试图，尝试 dissuadevt. prevent (sb.) from doing sth. by reasoning 劝阻 treacherousa. more dangerous than it seems 暗敏危险的；奸诈的 capen.海角rougha.(of weather or the sea) stormy; not calm (气候)有暴风雨的；(海)波涛汹涌的fortunatelyad. luckily幸运地；幸亏 fortunatea.contactvt. get in tou

34、ch with 联系，接触nearbyad. close by 在附近 followinga. next; to be mentioned immediately 接着的;下列的 wakenv.(cause to) wake 唤醒；醒来 nightmaren. terrible dream 恶梦 dragvt. pull along with great effort 拖，拉 sinistera.凶恶的，邪恶的knightn.爵士vt.封为爵士swordn.剑，刀 accomplishvt. finish successfully 完成 conquervt. overcome 征服undoub

35、tedlyad. certainly 无疑地 moreoverad. in addition 此夕卜，而且 humana. of or concerning people 人们beingn. a living thing, esp. a person 生物；人PHRASES & EXPRESSI OMSset outbegin a course if action 着手，开始give upatop doing 放弃be determined to (do)have a strong will to (do)决心(做)(all) by oneself(completely) alonein sp

36、ite ofnot taking notice of; not caring about 尽管；虽然by farby a large amount or degree得多turn over(cause to) fall over, upset (使)翻倒，(使)倾覆can not helpcan not keep oneself from 禁不住PEOPER NAMESFrancis Chichester弗朗西斯.奇切斯特Gipsy Moth Sydney Cape Horn London Elizabeth Drake吉普赛.莫斯悉尼（澳大利亚城市）合恩角（智利）伦敦伊丽莎白（女子名）德雷克

37、（姓氏）TEXTThey say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. Everyone was so kind to the old lady on her birthday. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort to please he?The PresentIt was the old ladys birthday.She got up early to be ready fo

38、r the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.Today she was sure the would be something. Myra wouldnt forget her mothers birthday, even if she sel

39、dom wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made Mayor, and Myra herself had got a medal for her work the aged.The old lady was proud of Myra, but Enid was the daughter she loved. Enid had never married, but had seemed content to live with her mother, and teach in a prima

40、ry school round the corner.One evening, however, Enid said,Ive arranged for Mrs. Morrison to look after you for a few days, Mother. Tomorrow I have to go into hospital-just a minor operation, Ill soon be home.In the morning she went, but never came back-she died on the operating table. Myra came to

41、the funeral, and in her efficient way arranged for Mrs. Morrison to come in and light the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.Two years ago that was, and since then Myra had been to see her mother three times, but her husband never.The old lady was eight today. She had put on her best dress. Pe

42、rhaps-perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lined or endured just as you chose to look at it.Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited-like a child. She wo

43、uld enjoy her day.Yesterday Mrs. Morrison had given the flat an extra clean, and today she had brought a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do thebreakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake, and in the afternoon she was going down there to tea. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up w

44、ith a packet of mints, and said he wouldnt go out to play until the post had come.I guess youll get lots and lots of presents, he said,I did last were when I was six.What would she like? A pair of slippers perhaps. Or a new cardigan. A cardigan would be lovely. Blues such a pretty colour. Jim had al

45、ways liked her in blue. Or a table lamp. Or a book, a travel book, with pictures, or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gat

46、e.Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door.Granny, granny, he shouted,Ive got your post.He gave her four envelopes. Three were unsealed cards from old friends.The fourth was sealed, in Myras writing. The old lady felt a pang of disappointment.No parcel, Johnnie?No, granny.May

47、be the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She must be patient.Almost reluctantly she tore the envelope open. Folded in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday - Buy yourself something

48、 nice with the cheque, Myra and Harold.The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady stooped to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits.NEW WORDSrelativen.亲属，亲戚presentn. gift礼物，赠品 postmann.邮递员rarea. not happening often罕见的；不常发生的