新视野读写第1册1-8教案.docx

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1、Date:Teaching Plan:Unit 1 Learning a Foreign Language SECTION A重点词汇rewardingfrustratejuniorpositiveformeropportunitycommunicateaccessparticipatevirtualdisciplineminimumassignmentembarrasscontinualbenefitinsightexpandawareuniqueidealreflectcriticalinstructariselikelycommitessentialchallengeeffective重

2、要短语unlikefar fromkeep up withgive upcomeacrossreap the benefits oftrade forparticipate inreach outtoplay a role inbecomeaware ofreflect onallow for1. rewarding 用法adj,值得做的;有回报的;有益的:Teaching can be a very rewarding career.教学可以成为很值得做的工作。Taking care of children is trying, but it is rewardingyou will win

3、 love and respect from them.照看孩子很费神,但也 是有收获的你能赢得他们的爱戴与尊敬。 考点rewarding表示“即使抓起未得到多少,但由于重 要或有用而满足”之意。主语一般是“做某件事(doing sth.) 记忆法词根reward v.回报,酬谢;n.酬金、奖赏 辨析 rewarding 与 worthwhile二者都有值得做之意,但又有不同:rewarding主要 强调精神上的愉悦(satisfied and h叩py)以及对以后带来 的好处,而worthwhile则主要讲等值(worth),另外,与 worthwhile连用的主语通常是某个名词(s加.)。

4、例如:“Gone with the wind is a worthwhile film.飘是一部 值得看的电影。2. frustrate 用法 vt. (1)使沮丧，使灰心:People are frustrated with the politicians.人们对政客很失望。(2)使挫败,使受挫折:We intended to go to the pop concert, but the heavy rain frustrated us我们打算去听流行音乐,但因大雨而未能成行。 考点frustrate是描写情绪变化的动词,与interest, excite,move等词样,若句子的主语是主体

5、(sb.)时,frustrate用 被动式即ed形式;反之,当主语是客体(sth.)时,frustrate 用ing形式。It is frustrating to work with such a trouble-maker, 与他这样 的麻烦制造者起工作真令人头疼。 记忆法frustrate的名词形式是frustration,常与in或with 连用,构成in frustration处于沮丧、灰心的状态中,with frustration由于沮丧，由于失望例如:He sighed in frustration when he found he wasnt enrolled in the un

6、iversity of his choice.当他发现没有被自 己喜欢的大学录取时,失望地叹了 口气。3. junior 用法 adj,年少的,资历浅的:He was a junior officer in the army.他在军队是个下级军官。n. sb. who is younger； sb. of low or lower rank 年少者, 地位较低者,晚辈a junior high school is a school for children who are 12 to 15 years old,初级中学的学生年龄在12至15岁。 记忆法senior (反)(l)adj.年长的,

7、资历深的;(2) n.地位 较髙者,长辈 辨析 junior 与 youngerjunior 指“年少时,搭配是 He is three years my junior. jfu younger 表示“更年轻”时，搭配是 He is three years younger than me.younger表示年龄较小,而junior还可表示其它意思,词性 也增加了名词。4. positive 用法 adj.积极的,肯定的:Remember and discuss the positive events you experienced, even if there were only a few

8、of them.记住并讲些你经历中积极的事情,即使只有几 件。(2)确实的,明确的:I was positive that he would satisfy your demands.我确信他会满足你的要求的。 记忆法(反)negative负的:否定的考点 当positive的意义是“确实的,明确的”时,只能 作表语，用于句型 “be positive that，be positive of ”5. former 用法adj,在前的,以前的,旧时的:I remember meeting him in the former times.我记得以前见过他。Bill Clinton is a for

9、mer president of the United States. 比 尔克林顿是美国前任总统。n. (the + ) the first of the two people or thing just mentioned前者:Of the two possibilities, the former seems more likely.在两 种可能性中,前者似乎更大一些 考点former作形容词时,指“过去的”,意味着“现在已 经不是了”；作名词（前者）时,总是与the latter （后者）对比使用。 典型试题 The girl was a shop assistant； she is

10、now a manager in a large department store.A. preliminarily B . presumably C . formally D. formerly答案为D,译文:这女孩以前是商店售货员,现在是一家 大百货公司的经理。A. preliminarily意为“初步地,开端 地”；B. presumably意为“大概,可能”,由动词presume（假 定）变来;C. formally意为“正式地,官方地”；D. formerly 意为“原先,以前”。根据题干中动词时态（was, is）及now 判断,答案应与now相对,故选D. 辨析 former 气

11、 previous; former 与 formalformer与previous常常作定语，但former主要指与现在相 对,而previous则指与正在提及的事物相对,如his former wife 冃妻;the previous page 冃页former与formal只是读音相近,意义毫无关联,formal指 “形式上的”；“正式的”formerly adv,以前，过去 记忆法formerly adv.以前,过去6. opportunity 用法 n.机会;机遇:Many new opportunities will be opened up in the future for th

12、ose with a university degree. 对 那些有大学学位的人来说,未来将会有许多新的机遇等着 他们。By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have adequate opportunity to change his mind.按规矩,如果个 人买大宗物件,那么应给他充分的机会反复斟酌。辨析 opportunity 与 chanceopportunity 与 chance 都可表不 a time or situation that you can use to do sth. you want to do,

13、or that allows sth. to be done.这时可通用,但chance还可表示a.可能性 （likelyhood）, $11 a fifty-fifty chance （50%的把握）；b.风 险（risk）,如 take a chance（冒风险）；c.运气（luck）,如 by chance（偶然地）等。另外,chance还可用作动词,chance to do “巧做”。7. communicate 用法 v. （l）vi.交流，交际:People use various ways to communicate with one another.人们用各种办法来互相交 流

14、。(2)vt.传达,传播:The baby communicates its needs by crying.婴儿通过哭泣表达他的需求。 考点 communicate with sb.与交流communicate sth. to sb.把传达给某人 记忆法 communicative adj.交际性的,例:communicative skill,交际能力,指说和写的能力,communication n.交 流,交际;(pl.)通信,通讯,如:communications satellite 通讯卫星8. access 用法 n, (1)接近,进入(不可数)：All the students c

15、an have access to the school library,所有学生都可以借阅图书馆的 书籍。(2)通道,入口(可数):The only access to the mountain-town is a dirty and narrow road.通向这座山镇的惟一通道是一条 又脏又窄的道路。 考点常构成短语,如 get (gain) access to, have access to,there is no access to 均表示有(无)权做某事;the access to 通向的通道或人口。在这些短语中to是介词。 记忆法accessible adj.容易得到的，可以使用

16、的9. participate 用法 vi.参与，参加:The teacher tries to put everyone to participate in the classroom discussion.老师设法使每个学生 都参与到课堂讨论中去。Young people are not content to stand and look at works of art； they want an they can participate.年轻人不满足于静观 艺术;他们需要自己能够参与其中的艺术。 考点 participate in sth.参与活动participant n.参与者,参加

17、者;adj.参与的,有份的 辨析 participate 与 share, take part in前两者均表示共同分享某物,但share为一般用语,指某 人与他人共同使用、享受、拥有某物,如:We shared joys and hardships, 我们同甘共苦。 Everyone shared in making the picnic a success.这次野餐搞得好,人人都出了力。participate vi. vt.分享,分担,是正式用语,指某人与他人 共同参加某种活动,如:We participated his sufferings.我 们分担了他的痛苦。take part in

18、参加,参与(项活动)，比participate in随便 些。10. virtual 用法 adj. (1)虚构的,虚拟的:The virtual world on the computer is sometimes risky.计算机上的虚拟世界有时有凶 险。(2)实质上,实际上,事实上:She helps her son so much with his study that she is his virtual teacher.她对儿子的学习帮助 如此之大,简直是他的老师。 记忆法virtually adv.实质上,几乎 11. discipline 用法 n. (1)纪律;控制:Sol

19、diers and students should especially observe the discipline. 士兵和学生尤其应该遵守 纪律。(2)学科:Mathematics is one of the major disciplines that he likes.数学是他所喜爱的主要学科之一。v.惩罚,处分:He was disciplined for his bad conduct.也 由于行为不端而受到处分。 记忆法disciplinary有关训练的，纪律的 12. minimum 用法 adj,最低的,最少的:The minimum wage in this city i

20、s raised to 20 dollars per hour 这个城市的最低工资增加 到每小时20美元。n.最低限度,最少量:We need a minimum of ten people to play this game.玩这个游戏至少得有10个人。 记忆法minimum与maximum构成反义词13. assignment 用法n. (1)(分配的)任务,(指定的)作业:The homework assignment was to read Chapter Three in our economics book.家庭作业是阅读经济学书上的第三章。(2)分配,指派:I missed th

21、e assignment of our activity, so 1 didn*t know what to do,分配任务时我不在，所以我不知道 该做什么。 记忆法assign v.分配,指派 14. embarrass 用法vt.使窘迫，使尴尬,使不好意思:The journalists sharp questions embarrassed the footballer 记者提的尖锐问 题使足球运动员很尴尬。 考点 同frustrate 一样,embarrass表示情绪变化,常用ed 或-ing形式,embarrassed, embarrassing甚至已经当作形容 词使用。 典型试题

22、!ts rather that we still do not know howmany species there are in the world today.A. misleading B. embarrassing C. boring D. demanding 答案为B. embarrassing令人尴尬的,译文:我们还不知 道目前世界上有多少物种,真令人尴尬。A. misleading误 导的,使人误解的，如:He made a misleading account of the quarrel,他对吵架真相的解释让人产生误会。C. boring令 人厌倦的，如a boring le

23、cture 场令人厌倦的讲演。D. demanding要求高的,难的,如:demanding work费事的 工作。 记忆法 embarrassed adj.显得尴尬的:embarrassing adj.令 人尴尬的;embarrassment n.尴尬,难堪15. continual 用法 adj. (1)不间断的,不停的:They lived in continual fear of violent death,他们生活在对暴力死亡的持续恐惧中。(2)多次重复的,频频的:The continual trips to my mothers house took up a lot of my

24、time.经常去我母亲家占用了我 许多时间。 辨析 continua! 与 continuous二者均可表示 repeated separate actions,但 continuous 含有 更多的without breaks之意;另外,continual还表示由于次 数太多而烦恼(annoying),例:These continual interruptions are driving me mad.我被频频打断,简直受不了 了。 continuous在口语中更常用。16. benefit 用法 n.益处,好处:He wanted her money to be used for the

25、benefit of poor children她希望自己的钱能够用于帮助穷孩 子。认有益于,得益:I have benefited a lot from reading English novels.读英语小说使我受益匪浅。 考点benefit from从中得益; 记忆法beneficial adj,有益处的 17. insight 用法n,洞察力，洞悉，深刻的见解:Her work shows originality and insight,她的工作中体现了原创性和洞察力。 The authors insights into human nature and business had a

26、revolutionary effect on the way managers create favorable work environment for workers.作者对人性及生意的深刻见 解对于促进经理们为工人创造适宜的工作环境产生了革 命性的影响。The changing image of the family on television provides insights into changing attitudes toward the family in the society.电视上家庭的形象正在改变,使我们意识到人们 对社会中家庭的态度也在发生变化。 考点 与into

27、构成搭配insight into对的深刻理解，洞察力 记忆法sight n.视;insightful adj.见解深刻的,有启 发性的, 重要短语1. unlike: prep, not like, different from 用法 不像：Unlike him, I spent the holiday goingabroad,不像他那样,我出国旅游度假。Unlike in south China, people here wear warm clothes even in summer,不像在中国南方,这里的人们即使在夏天也穿棉衣。注:unlike用来比较截然相反的两种情况,它引导的短语 用

28、逗号与后面隔开。句中的谓语一般表示肯定意义（如上面 的例子所示）。2. far from: not ,at all, rather than用法一点也不,用来加强否定的语气:He is far form （being） honest.他一点也不老实。Far from （being） cheap, everything is expensive in this shop. 这家商店的商品一点都不便宜,而是很贵。3. keep up with 用法 跟上,赶上（进度;他人）：You have to read extensively in order to keep up with the tryi

29、ng course,要想跟上这门难 懂的课,你得大量阅读。4. give up sth. /doing sth.用法 放弃:He didnt give up climbing the mountain despite bad weather.尽管天气不好,他仍不放弃爬山。He gave up alcohol after his heart attack.自从心脏病发作之 后他就戒了酒。5. come across用法 不期而遇（熟人）,遭遇（困难等）：He came across an old friend on the street the other day.前两天他在街上碰到了 个老朋友

30、。Please dont hesitate to let me know if you come across any difficulty.如果你遭遇任何困难,请直接跟我说。6. reap the benefits of用法 获得益处,得到好处:On learning that his novel became a bestseller , the writer eventually reaped the benefits of his hard writing.得知自己的小说成为畅销书,作家终于 品尝到了艰苦写作的甜头。7. trade for 用法 交换,把换作：He traded hi

31、s second-handbike for 30yuan.他把自己的二手车卖了 30元。8. reach out to用法 接触，联系:The internet enables us to reach out to many more people conveniently.互联网使人们能够与更多 的人便捷地联系。典型句式1. be worth sth. /doing sth. 用法 值得：The coat is worth the price.这件大衣值这个价。English is worth studying.英语值得学习。worth是表语性的形容词,不能做定语。worth 后面跟 sth

32、. /doing sth.构成 be worth sth. /doing sth. worthy 后面跟 of 和 to be done构成 be worthy of sth. be worthy to be done.它们的意思样。如:The work is worth the time. = The work is worthy of the time.这项工作值得花那么多时间。 又如: The problem of greenhouse effect is worth discussing. =The problem of greenhouse effect is worth to be

33、 discussed 温室效应的问题值得讨论。辨析 worth, worthy2. not only but also-用法 不但.而且.：We not only underwent hardships, but also risked our lives during the adventure,在探险中我们 不但经历了困难,而且冒着牺牲生命的危险。 说明(1) not only. but als引导并列从句,有时also 可以省略,还可以发生变异:not only. but. as well.(2)not only放在句首时谓语要部分倒装,例如:Not only can we gain e

34、xperience from the travel, but we can get valuable knowledge as well.我们不但能从旅行中增加 阅历,还能获得宝贵的知识。3. feel like sth./doing sth. 用法 真想做,有的冲动,想要:He felt like beatingsomeone after long hours of staying in the dark room 在黑暗 的房间里呆的时间太久了,他真想打人。I felt like an other glass of wine,我想再喝一杯葡萄酒。4. now that conj.既然,由于

35、:Now that you are already 18, you can support yourself at college.既然你现在已经18岁了，你可以在上 大学时养活自己了。说明now that引导原因状语从句,用于解释新出现的情 况。从句常常出现在句首。(2)有时 that 可以省略。如:Now you are here, why not have a drink?既然你来了,为何不喝点儿饮料?辨析 now that, in that两者都表示“既然,由于,因为”,但now that引导的从 句放在主句之前,而in that引导的从句放在主句之后,如： Now that I li

36、ve only a few blocks from work, I walk to work and enjoy it,由于我现在住得离单位很近,我便步行上班, 而且乐此不疲。The situation is rather complicated in that we have two managing directors.形势很复杂,因为我们有两个执行经 理。用nowthat时,主要强调原因,即从句所表达的意思;用in that时,强调结果,即主句表达的意思。疑难章节1. Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it w

37、as well worth the effort. (Para.l) 译文尽管有时学语言会令人沮丧,但非常值得努力。 说明(1) at times： sometimes有时候(2)让指代前面的 learning a language(3) be worth sth,值得(4) well程度副词,“完全”，“非常”。如:You might well stay here without feeling guilty.你完全可以呆在这儿, 而不用觉得内疚。2. While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new

38、 teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. (Para. 3) 译文以前的老师对所有的学生都很有耐心,而新老师对 答错的同学当即予以惩罚。说明 while“而”用于并列句中,翻译时将其意思“而” 放在第二句之前。(2) be patient with 对有耐心3. Unlike my senior middle school teacher, my college English teachers were patient and kind, and none of them carried long, pointed

39、 sticks!(Para. 4) 译文不像高中老师那样,我的大学老师们又耐心又和 蔼,都没有带又长又尖的教鞭! 说明(1) unlike： prep, not like, different from 不像(2) pointed： adj. Having a point at one end一端是尖 的,通常只作定语。例如:The child was scolded for holding a pointed knife in his hand.小孩由于举着尖利的刀子而受到斥责。/ a pointed chin尖下巴4. I began to feel intimidated. 译文我开始感

40、到害怕 说明(l)fell 系动词,觉得，感到，如:She felt shy in public. 她在公共场合感到害羞。(2) intimidate vt.使畏惧，此处用过去分词，作 形容词,常用于句型:intimidate sb. into doing sth.恐吓某 人做某事,如:The manager raised his voice and hit the table to see if he can intimidate the other party into making further concessions. 经 理提高了嗓门,捶着桌子,想看看自己是否能使对方做出 更进步的

41、让步。5.Once in a while, I cried with frustration, and sometimes I felt like giving up. 译文有时我失望得掉眼泪,有时真想放弃。 说明(1) once in a while: sometimes偶尔,表示动作发生的频率(2) with frustration 由于失望(3) fell like doing 想要做(4) give up sth. /doing 放弃6. Now that I speak a foreign language., instead of staring into space when E

42、nglish is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. 译文即然我会讲外语,那么,当有人在讲英语时我便不 再脸茫然,而是能够参与并结交朋友。 说明 now that=since既然,由于(2)instead of (表示否定)不是：He bought a shirt instead of a jacket.他买了一件衬衣,而不是夹克衫。(3) stare into the space看着天空,(比喻)茫然,不 明白。Date:Teaching Plan:SECTION B重点词汇1. expand 用法vi. & vt.（使）扩大

43、,（使）扩张,（使）扩展;膨胀: The population of the town expanded rapidly in the 1990s.这 个镇人口 20世纪90年代增加很快。As children grow older, they expand their interests and become more confident随着年龄的增长,孩子们的兴趣变 得更加广泛,也更自信。The air in the balloon expands when heated,气球里面的空气 遇热会膨胀。 记忆法expansion n.扩大,扩展,膨胀 contract （反）收缩2. awa

44、re 用法 adj.知道的,意识到的:They were not aware of the danger until it was too late.他们意识到危险时为时已晚。I gradually became aware that there was some one in the room,我渐渐明白房间里有人。 辨析 aware, conscious二者均表示知道,意识到;均能在后面跟of sth.和 that-clauseaware认识,知道,指通过所见所闻对某人或某物有 所觉察,但不一定了解很清楚,且aware只能作表语,如: Half awake, Tom was aware o

45、f a hammering at the door and conscious of a strong fear.汤姆朦朦胧胧意识到有人捶门,感到非常害怕。conscious知道,意识到,作表语时指清楚地知道或懂得某 物，语气较aware更强，作定语时指某人自觉自愿的行动。 如:He was conscious he must do all this.他知道自己必须把这 些事情全部做完。He was aware that someone was talking but not conscious of what was said.他觉察到有人在说话,但不知道说的是什 么。(注意此句中“知道”的

46、程度)He acted and spoke with conscious superiority.也的言谈和 举止间流露出明显的优越感。conscious mind清醒的意识 考点 be aware of sth.明白,知道,意识到(2)be aware that明白,知道,意识到 (3)只作表语,不能作定语 记忆法awareness n.意识;unaware adj.不知道的;不 了解的3. unique 用法adj. (1)惟一的，独特的，独无二的:Each persons fingerprints are unique.每个人的指纹都是独无二的。(2)(非正式语体)极不寻常的,极好的:】

47、m in a rather unique position, as my job is different from anyone elses.我所处的地位很特殊,因为我的工作与任何人的都 不样。He got a unique opportunity to travel.他得到了一个极好的 旅游机会。考点unique无比较级和最高级。但在表示第(2)个意思时, 其前面可用rather, very等修饰。4. ideal 用法 adj. (1)理想的，好的:An ideal teacher should be encouraging, kind and patient. 个理想的老师应该催人奋 进,善良,富有耐心。an ideal place for a picnic 个野餐的好去处(2)理想化的，空想的:In an ideal world, no one would go hungry,在空想的世界里,将没有人挨饿。n. 理想:Social justice and equality, like man