2000-2015年考研英语历年真题答案(英语一).docx

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1、2015年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题答案I cloze1、What 2、Concluded 3、On 4、Compared 5、Samples 6、!nsignificant 7、Know8、Resemble 9、Also 10、Perhaps 11、To 12、Drive 13、Rather than14、Benefits 15 Faster 16、understand 17、Contributory 18、Tendency19 Ethnic 20 seeII Reading comprehensionPart A21 .D ended his reign in embarrassmen

2、t.22 . C owing to the undoubted and respectable status23 . A the role of the nobility in modern democracy24 . B fails to change his lifestyle as advised.25 . D Carlos, a lesson for all Monarchies26 . C check suspects phone contents without being authorized.27 .A disapproval28 .A getting into ones re

3、sidence29 . C citizens privacy is not effectively protected30 .B new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitution31 .B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32 .B marked33. D set an example for other journals34. C has room for further improvement35. A science joins Push to s

4、creen statistics in papers36. D the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37. A more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38. C was hardly convincing39. B generally distorted values40. D moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperPart B41. C if you are unfamiliar.42. E you make

5、further inferences.43. D Rather ,we ascribe meanings to.44. B factors such as.45.A are we studying that.PartC46）在多种强大的动机驱动下,这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家,其本身塑造了一个 未知大陆的性格和命运。47）美国是两种主要力量的产物即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征 的新国家的影响的产物。48）但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新 大陆引起了重大变化。49）在1516世纪北美探索的一百多年之后,运往该领土即当今的美国

6、一的第一船移民横 渡了大西洋。50）拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是个真正的宝库,它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。III WritingPart ADear club members,As the next reading session is scheduled to be launched in two days, its a great honor for me to take the opportunity to present you a book worth readingThe Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith.Through reflection ove

7、r economics at the beginning of Industrial Revolution, the writer has elaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at work with insightful conceptions and eloquent speeches. Besides, the book has stood the test of time by repeated quotations and critical reviews from following researchers,

8、 exerting profound influences on anyone engaged in the field of capitalist market.I believe reading such a classical book from an authoritative writer will produce a life-enriching and thought-provoking effect for all club members.Yours sincerely,Li MingPart BAs is depicted above, a number of young

9、people are having a gathering of friends, but instead of talking with each other, each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. The lower part of the picture, we can see some Chinese characters which read “the meeting in mobile-phone era.Undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at remindin

10、g us of the double edge of the cell phone. It is well known that thanks to the development of human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality. A case in point is the mobile phones. We must admit that the smart phone indeed dramatically changes our life. However, if used impro

11、perly, the mobile phones also can bring unhealthy side-effects, and imperil face to face communication between people. It is not too much to say that being over-addicted to mobile phones will cost our health, wisdom, creativity, friendship and even our ability to live.Weighing the pros and cons of b

12、oth sides, perhaps the best policy is to regulate it in such a way as to maximize its advantages. At the same time, we must avoid its harmful part. Furthermore, young people should be advised that spending too much time in using smart phones is bad for them.2014考研英语（一）真题答案解析答案:1-5 ABDCA6-10ACBDC11-1

13、5 DABAD16-20 BDCCB1 .标准答案A考点分析上下文语义和连词辨析选项分析本题考查连词。根据上下文意思,首先可以排除BCD。这句话中where引导个状语语从句, 主要是说记不清把钥匙放在哪里了。2 .标准答案B考点分析上下文语义和动词辨析选项分析As the brain 2 we refer to these occurrences as senior moments这句话的意思是“由于大脑2我们称这 些现象为“瞬间性老年痴呆”,由此可以排除A和Co Dcollapse意为:使倒塌，使崩溃,不符合题意。fades 考察熟词僻意，通常意思为褪色,逝去。还有衰老的意思,这里就考察是衰

14、老的意思。从前文可以看出，文章 讲的是随着年龄增长，大脑衰老。所以选B3 .标准答案D考点分析逻辑衔接题选项分析A if表示假设“如果。B Unless 除非，如果不”。COnce “一旦”。DWhile, “虽然,然而” 表转折。这句话的意思是虽然表面上看起来没什么,但是危害很大,前后位转折关系,所以选D。4 .标准答案C考点分析上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析这四个选项均为形容词，A表示“不均匀”，B表示“有限的”，C表示“有破坏性的，损 坏的”，ID表示“模糊的，晦涩的”。这句话意思是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们带来的影响。根据上下 文的意思,可以排除A和Do而“有限的影响”显然不足以表达危害

15、的严重性,故可以排除B选项。C “带来有害的影响”最符合作者意图。5 .标准答案A考点分析上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析本句话含义是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们的职业、社交还有个人带来有害的影响。A wellbeing “幸福”。BJenvironment “环境”。C relationship “关系”。ID outlook “展望”。and 连接若干名 词，这些名词应该为同一类,职业、社交都是和个人相关，排除B和D, C personal relationship就是social 的意思，不能重复，选择A,个人幸福。6 .标准答案A考点分析固定搭配选项分析A it turns out that

16、 “原来，其实” Bit finds out that ”本文发现”。C it points out that 指出”。D it figures out that “本文发现”。It代表神经科学,这句话的意思是越来越多的精神学家们都表示,大脑其实 跟肌肉样需要练习运动。这里给出的是神经科学的结论，因此选择it turns out that7 .标准答案C考点分析上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析这四个选项均为名词。A roundabouts迂回路线。Bresponses回应。Cworkouts锻炼,练习。 Dissociations协会。C workouts锻炼，练习与前文出现的exercise都有

17、“锻炼,练习”的意思，近义词复现， 所以选C8 .标准答案B考点分析上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析这四个选项均为名词。Agenre类型,种类。Bfunctions功能。circumstances情况,环境。Dcriterion 批评判断的标准、准则。这句话的意思是正确的智力运动能极大地提高我们最基本的认知功能,根据语义,选 择Bfunctions 功能。9 .标准答案D考点分析上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析这四个选项均为名词。A channe!通道,频道。Bjcondition条件。Csequence顺序,序列。DJprocess 过程,步骤。根据常识,思考是个过程,并且通过脑神经相互接触来完成,

18、其他选项表示渠道、序列、条件, 均不符合常识。因此正确答案是表示过程的D选项。这句话的意思是思考是大脑神经连接必要的过程。10 .标准答案D考点分析上下文语义和动词辨析选项分析这四个选项均为动词。A persist坚持。B believe相信。C excel超过。D feature特色。本句句 意,在某种程度来讲,我们在进行神经连接（直接影响人的聪明程度）方面的特殊能力是与生俱来的。excel有超 过擅长的意思，表示在某个方面出众，放在此处符合题意，因此正确答案为B。11 .标准答案D考点分析逻辑衔接题选项分析本题需要的是个副词，而且位于句首,因此考察的是句关系。通过前后句意义来定答案,前一句

19、 强调的是智力是与生俱来的（inherited）,而后一句则认为是可以通过脑活动（mental effort）会有所波动，两句意 义明显相反，故正确答案为D However。12 .标准答案A考点分析上下文语义和短语辨析选项分析本题并不难,可以理解为:智力可以脑力活动得到提升或出现波动。Bregardlessof 不管， 不顾”不合逻辑。Capart from 除 之外”也不合适。Dinsteadof ”代替明显不符。故A为正确答案。 13.标准答案B考点分析上下文语义和固定搭配选项分析本题考察的是固定搭配:take a st叩,能搭配只有A和C,分别指“采取进步措施和“让 到边去,无论从逻辑

20、上还是从句意上都是A符合。14 .标准答案A考点分析上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析本题考察的是动宾搭配:improve and regain sb s mental ,再根据前文一直在讲如何提高“智力,因此可以排除A（模式）和B（稳定性），C（灵活性）和D（锋利性,尖锐性）容易混淆,C有一定的干扰性,但 双比之下，D更契合前文，故选D。15 .标准答案D考点分析上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析空格所在句的意思是说这个网络课程可以 系统地改善你的记忆和注意力。而且此处需要填入的动词需要与to进行搭配。根据搭配关系直接排除A,B。本文的主题介绍的是使人聪明的脑锻炼法，感情 色彩是中性的，此处的D选项fo

21、rce排除，所以最恰当的是D。16 .标准答案B考点分析上下文语义和固定搭配选项分析空格所在句的意思是说这个培训课程还可以 学习进度,并且给予详尽的信息反馈。根据语境,空格缺少的词汇意义为跟踪学习进度,分析四个选项，直接排除A hold, C order;辨析B,D两个选项,与D选 项的pace搭配的介词应该为with,即,keep pace with,所以排除,B选项为正确答案,keep track of意思为跟 踪。17标准答案C考点分析上下文语义和介词选项分析本题考查介词,根据空格前后语境,空格所缺少的介词意义为关于你的表现作出详细的反馈,四个 选项中只有D有关于的意思。18 .标准答案

22、C考点分析上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析空格所在句的意思是说更加重要的是,它会 调整并升级有关训练游戏。通过前后句的语境,所用词汇均为褒义词,所以,从感情色彩方面可以排除A, B习惯性的主语应该为人,直接排除。B经常的， D异乎寻常的代入,发现C比较符合题意。19 .标准答案C考点分析上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析空格所在句的意思是说它会经常调整并升级有关训练游戏,以促进脑的不断。本题所缺少的 动词需要与介词on搭配，A put on穿上，增加;B carry on执行;C build on在 基础上增加，构建;D take on呈 现;代入空格发现只有C适合,A,B,D都不与空格后面的devel

23、opment相搭配。20标准答案C考点分析上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析本题涉及的是个含不定式作后定的句子,所缺词汇为形容词修饰exercise routine,根据前后 情感一致的逻辑,通过后面的不定式中的关键词increase寺和vary your muscle use等信息反推所需词汇为正向 词汇,直接排除A和B, D是中性,只有C(有效的)符合逻辑,故为正确答案。 真题解析:文章概括:政府大臣GrorgeOsbome提出了一个项目帮助失业的人找工作。 21 .George Osborne s scheme was intended to Aprovide the unemployed w

24、ith easier access to benefits.Bencourage jobseekers active engagement in job seeking.Cmotivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.Dguarantee jobseekers legitimate right to benefits.答案：B细节题。本道题的关键是intended to问的是目的,所以我们也应该去寻找体现目的性的词汇，所以在 首段首句看到了 in order to,则后面的内容即为本题答案,结合后面找工作的内容则选择B选项。22 .The phra

25、se “to sign on (Line 3,Para.2) most probably meansAto check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.Bto accept the government s restrictions on the allowance.Cto register for an allowance from the government.Dto attend a governmental job-training program.答案:C词义句意题。先根据题干定位到第二段第三行,t。sign on前面有一个很

26、明显的not,则我们可以推知, 这一定是前面的反义,我们只要读懂前面半部分就可以了,前面说应该spend looking for work,正好和A选项 相符,所以我们只要选择个相反的选项即可,则选择C选项。23 .What promoted the chancellor to develop his scheme?AA desire to secure a better life for all.BAn eagerness to protect the unemployed.CAn urge to be generous to the claimants.DA passion to ensu

27、re fairness for taxpayers.答案:A细节题。本道题的关键是题目中的prompted和chancellor,根据chancellor能定位到二段第五行,再向 下寻找则可发现motivate和prompt是对应的,所以看本句即可发现和A选项是对应的。24 .According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one one feel Auneasy. Benraged. Cinsulted. |Dguilty.答案:A细节题。本道题根据unemployed回到文中定位在第三段的最后一句,没有感觉相关内容,所以需要向 前找答案,再

28、根据本段第一句话中的losing a job即可判定答案在第二句,因此选择A选项。另我们会发现BCD 三个选项趋于强烈和负面,所以,我们选择A选项。25 .To which of the following would the author most probably agree?AThe British welfare system indulges jobseekers laziness.BlOsborne* s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.CIThe jobseekers allowance has met their act

29、ual needs.DUnemployment benefits should not be made conditional.答案:B细节题。本题题根据选项定位。A选项根据大写字母The British welfare system定位到最后一段的第三 句，原文是no longer”，选项与原文反向干扰。B选项根据Osborne s reforms定位到第一段第二句,可以得出该项目可减少失业危险,所以B为正确答案。C选项根据题干“ the jobseekers allowance”定位到最后一段倒数第二句,该句提到“ no fundamental righ,恰与C选项表意相反,所以C是反 向

30、干扰。D选项根据题干w conditional定位到最后一段最后一句,其中只提到“conditional on actively seeking a job-,并没有要说以后应该怎样,所以属于无中生有。26 .a lot of students take up law as their profession due toAthe growing demand from clients.Bthe increasing pressure of inflation.Cthe prospect of working in big firms.D |the attraction of financial

31、 rewards.答案:Do该题是因果细节题,考察细节。首先,根据段落定位原则模糊定位,定位到前几段。其次,再精确 定位,题干中有关键词“students” “law” “profession”,回到原文寻找相关信息。第一段未发现相关信息,然后 至!)第二段有至!) “The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.”与题干有重合之处,选项D是该句的同义替换。A、B、C三个选项根据原文个别词汇“clients”“inflation” “bi

32、g-firm”等进行干扰。注意,第一段的But是个假转折词,并非答案处。27 . Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?AHigher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.|BAdmissions approval from the bar association.CPursuing a bachelor s degree in another major.DReceiving training by professiona

33、l associations.答案:Co该题是细节题,考察细节。首先根据段落定位原则定位到第三段。其次,根据题干关键词thecosts of legal education精确定位到第三段第二句话One is the excessive costs of a legal education. ” 问题是 u which of the following adds to the costs of legal education,因此定位句的下一句就是答案,即 “There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-

34、year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools accredited by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.”分析选项可知,选项C恰当概况了该句子的涵义。A选项利用三段末尾的This leaves today s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt

35、on top of undergraduate debts.进行干扰。B 选项无中生有。D 选项根据 四段最后一句出现的“ training”个别词汇进行干扰。28 .Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from Alawyers and clients strong resistance.Bthe rigid bodies governing the profession.Cthe stem exam for would-be lawyers.Dnon-professionals sharp criticism.答案:

36、Bo该题是原因细节题,问来源。首先段落定位原则定位到第四段。其次,根据题干关键词the reform of the legal system”定位至悌二句Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.选项 B 即为该句的同义替换。29 .The guild-like ownership structure is considered urestri

37、ctive partly because itAbans outsiders involvement in the profession.Bkeeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.Caggravates the ethical situation in the trade.DJprevents lawyers from gaining due profits.答案:Ao该题为因果细节题,问原因。根据段落定位原则定位至倒数第二段。其次,题干中出现“Iheguild-like ownership structure”,精确定位至第一句 uExcept

38、in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow.”此，在该段最后一句提到“keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically., 从而可以得出答案选 A。1 O.In this text, the author main

39、ly discussesAflawed ownership of America , s law firms and its causes.Bthe factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.Ca problem in America * s legal profession and solutions to it.Dthe role of undergraduate studies in America * s legal education.答案:Co该题为文章主旨题,考察文章中心。该篇文章属于问题解决型文章,前5段均在说美

40、国法律职业存 在的问题，最后一段提出了解决措施“allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms* efficiency.。因此，该篇属于问题解决型文章,选C。其他几个选项均为文中的个别 细节,以偏概全。3 l.The Fundam

41、ental Physical Prize is seen asAa symbol of the entrepreneurs s wealth.Ba possible replacement of the Nobel Prize.Can example of bankers investment.Da handsome reward fbr researchers.答案：Ao为细节题。根据题干中的Fundamental Physics Prize可以定位到第一段,但除此之外就没有其他细节 提示信息了,所以我们只能根据几个选项去定位,分别根据选项中的entrepreneurs、Nobel Priz

42、e investment、 reward去定位,在第一段末句找到了与A选项相一致的句子,则判定A选项正确。32 .The phrase to sign on” (Line 3,Para.2) most probably meansAthe profit-oriented scientists.Bthe founders of the new award.Cthe achievement-based system.Dpeer-review-led research.答案:B 为细节题。根据题干中的critics定位到第三段,可知第二段没有出题,从第三段第二句可以得出本 道题的正确选项,who h

43、ave made their careers in research 即为 B 选项中的 The founders33 .What promoted the chancellor to develop his scheme?Acontroversies over the recipients status.Bthe joint effort of modern researchers.Clegitimate concerns over the new prize.D|the demonstration of research findings.答案:D。为细节题。本道题如果从题干中看更像是例证

44、题,但题目中说道the case involves即问例子本身, 所以为一道细节题。我们在第四段倒数第三句中找到了 Higgs boson,定位到本句可以得知nature of modern research-as well as demonstrated by即为本道题正确答案。34 .According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one one feelATheir endurance has done justice to them.BTheir legitimacy has long been in dispute.CThey are

45、 the most representative honor.DjHistory has never cast doubt on them.答案：A 为判断题。此类题型是考试中的一个难点,在题干中提示信息非常少,所以我们需要根据每个选项 分别定位。A选项的durance定位到本段最后一句time B选项根据legitimacy定位到第一句。C选项没有提到。 D选项从最后一段可以验证确实是收到了质疑,B选项和原文不符,可以得知答案为A。35 .To which of the following would the author most probably agree?Aacceptable de

46、spite the criticism.Bharmful to the culture of research.Csubject to undesirable changes. Dunworthy of public attention.答案:A 为主旨题。本题属于作者观点,出在最后一段则说明更多体现了文章的主旨,因为还有一个段落对 应,则我们可以在最后一段找答案,根据题干中的award我们可以得知全文的最后一句明确体现了作者的观点, 故选Ao36 . According to Paragraph 1, what is the author* s attitude toward the AAAS s report?A CriticalB AppreciativeC ContemptuousD Tolerant本篇文章选自华尔街H报。主要讲的是非自由教育以及问题核心”这个报告。答案解析:36. 选A,该题是细节态度题。并非考察全文的态度,也就是说要细节定位。根据题干定位原则,定位第一段 AAAS出现之处,并且一定要找到表示评价的部分。该题迷惑性很强,因为文章在AAAS后面就又” praise” 所以容易误导大家选择答案B appreciative（欣赏的）”,但是我们应该看到有however,我们知道如果第一段出 现转折,那此转折一定跟主旨有