考研常用词汇.docx

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1、1 .文化教育absorb it s essence and resist it s dark side 取其精华,去其糟粕academic activity 学术活动academic atmosphere 学习氛围academic performance 学习成绩acquire degree 获得学位adult education 成人教育affect school achievements 影响学习成绩All Fools Day 愚人节apply for admission to / into申请入学arts文科arts and crafts 工艺美术associate professor

2、 副教授astrology占星术bachelors degree 学士学位beverage饮料，酒水box office 票房brain drain人才外流broaden one s horizon 开阔眼界Buddhism 佛家buffet service 自助餐burn the mid-night oil 开夜车business school 商学院buy lottery tickets 购买彩票China Daily中国日报Chinese calligraphy 中国书法Chinese traditional painting 国画cloisonne景泰蓝瓷器College Englis

3、h Test Band 6大学英语六级考试College Entrance Examination 高考college / university students 大学生college / university graduates 大学毕业生comedy喜剧compulsory course 必修课compulsory education 义务教育Confucianism 儒家corporal punishment 体罚corporate culture 企业文化credit学分cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流cross talk 相声cultural di

4、fferences 文化差异cultural diversity 文化多元化cultural exchanges 文化交流cultural blending / integration 文化融合cultural traditions 文化传统Daoism / Taoism 道家department 系dine out外出就餐dining hall 食堂diploma毕业证书doctor? s degree 博士documentary literature 报告文学dormitory 宿舍the Double Ninth Festival 重阳节the Dragon Boat Festival

5、端午节Easter复活节educational background 学历education for al 1-round development 素质教育Enlightenment 启蒙运动enrollment注册人数/录取era of knowledge explosion 知识爆炸时代exam-oriented education 应试教育excellent leader 优秀干部excellent League Member 优秀团员extensive reading 泛读faculty全体教师Fashion Festival 时装节feminism女权主义firecracker 鞭炮

6、fireworks 烟花four treasures of study 文房四宝go abroad for further studies 出国深造gourmet美食家graduation design 毕业设计graduate school 研究生院group / integrate buying / purchase 团购guidelines for education 教育方针HalLoween万圣节前夜higher education 高等教育human civilization 人类文明human resources 人力资源humanism人本主义idol worship偶像崇拜i

7、nformation era 信息时代institute 学院intensive reading 精读interpretation of classics 解读经典irresponsible remarks 不负责言论 jade carvings 玉雕Journey to the West西游记 keep pace with times 与时俱进 Kung Fu novel武侠小说 the Lantern Festival 元宵节 law school法学院 lecturer： instructor 讲师 lifelong education 终身教育 mainstream culture 主

8、流文化 major主修；专业 making friends online 网上交友 master * s degree 硕士学位 Master of Arts(M. A.)文学硕士 Master of Science(M. S.)理学硕士 Master of Business Administration(MBA)工商管理硕士 Master of Public Administration(MPA)公共管理硕士 Master of Engineering(ME)工程硕士Master of Professional Accounting (MPAcc)会计硕士 Master of Science

9、 in Finance (MSF)金融硕士 mark： grade 分数 middle school 中学 the Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节Mother * s / Father* s Day 母亲节/父亲节 multi-cultures, pluralistic / mosaic cultures 多元文化 National Entrance Test for M. A./ M. S. Candidates 考研 new year call 拜年 New York Times纽约时报 nursery / kindergarten 幼儿园 obtain the first-grad

10、e scholarship 获一等奖学金 optional/elective course 选修课 Outlaws of the Marsh水浒传 outlook on values 价值观 p叩er cutting 剪纸 part-time job兼职工作 Peking Opera 京剧 people-oriented 以人为本 popular culture 流行文化 porcelain and pottery 陶瓷 post doctorate 博士后 postmodernism后现代主义 practical skills 实践技能 preserve and cherish 保存珍惜 p

11、rimary / elementary school 小学professor 教授professional ethics 职业道德promote cultural development positively 积极促进文化发展protect intellectual property 保护知识产权psychological quality 心理素质puppy love 早恋read between the lines 体会言外之意recreation centers 娱乐中心recruitment 招生reduce study load(学生)减负relaxing college life放松

12、的大学生活Romance of Three Kingdoms三国演义science 理科sculpture雕刻艺术separation between liberal arts and science 文理分科sexism性别歧视skip classes 逃课spiritual civilization 精神文明splendid and glorious cultural heritage / legacy / relics 辉煌灿烂的文化遗产stimulate one s interest 激发兴趣study abroad 留学superstition 迷信table manners就餐礼仪

13、take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 硕士研究生入学考试talk show 脱口秀Tang Dynasty 唐代tap one s potential 开发潜能teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教teaching assistant 助教teaching facilities 教学设施Thanksgiving Day 感恩节the craze for graduate school 考研热the faculty教学人员the pervasive advertis

14、ements on TV 电视广告泛滥theoretical knowledge 理论知识top student(honor student)优秀学生traditional Chinese culture 传统中国文化tragedy 悲剧tuition 学费tuition fees and other expenses 学杂费university综合性大学Valentine S Day 情人节violence on Tv电视暴力画面virtual life虚拟生活web addiction上网成瘾 western cultures 西方文化 woman s rights 女权运动 wood c

15、arving 木雕 work-study program 勤工俭学 world outlook 世界观2 .科技信息antenna 天线artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial satellite 人造卫星astronaut航天员ATM(Automatic Teller Machine)自动取款机 backup备份chatting on the Internet 网聊clone克隆computer games 电脑游戏computer virus 电脑病毒CPU(Central Process Unit)中央处理器 cursor光标cyberspace网络空

16、间data processing 数据处理database数据库digit数字,数位,位digital products 数码产品double-click 双击?？E-business电子商务electronic dictionary 电子词典electronic games 电子游戏 e-mail address电子邮件地址 encode编码floppy disk 软盘forward an e-mail转发电子邮件genetic engineering 基因工程hacker黑客 hard disk 硬盘high-tech products 高科技产品input / output 输入/输出i

17、ntegrated circuit 集成电路Internet bar 网吧junk message垃圾短信 log on the Internet 上网 keyboard 键盘LAN(Local Area Network)局域网 launch a satellite 发射卫星launch pad发射台mobile phone subscription 手机入网modem调制解调器monitor显示器mouse鼠标nanometer 纳米net friend 网友online gossip网络谣言online shopping 网上购物online trading platform 网上交易平台

18、orbit轨道palm computer掌上电脑pirate VCD 盗版 VCDportable computer 便携式电脑science and technology 科技Shenzhou VI spacecraft 神舟六号Silicon Valley 硅谷solar cell太阳能电池spacecraft宇宙飞船space exploration 宇宙探索space shuttle航天飞机space suit航天服surf the Internet 网上冲浪technological updating / renovation 技术更新/改造Telstar通信卫星test-tube

19、baby 试管婴儿text message手机短信the Internet supervision 网络监管the Internet violence 网络暴力three-dimensional animation 三维动画片touch screen 触摸屏virtual reality 虚拟现实web addiction沉溺于网络web page 网页website 网站word processing 文字处理3 .经济发展a bull / bear market 牛市/熊市actively cultivate new points of economic growth 积极培育新的经济增长

20、点an economic and technological development zone 经济技术开发区all economic depression 经济萎缩an economic takeoff 经济起飞an economic boom 经济兴旺anti-dumping 反倾销bidding documents 标书break regional blockades and trade monopolies 打破地区封锁和行业垄断bubble economy 泡沫经济capacity to ealTl foreign exchange through exports Hl 仓U汇能力c

21、ompetitive spirit 竞争意识comprehensive national strength 综合国力crack down on counterfeit goods 打假curb the inflation遏制通货膨胀customs barrier 关税壁垒develop rising and high-tech industries发展新兴产业和高技术产业distribution according to one s performance 按劳分酉己economic globalization 经济全球化economic restructuring 经济体制改革embezzl

22、ement贪污，挪用公款Euro欧元extensive management 粗放式管理family firm家族企业famous-brand products; brand named product 名牌产品financial crisis 金融危机financial institutions 金融机构financing； fund-raising 融资foreign-owned enterprises 夕卜资企也foster integration with the global economy 促进全球经济一体化fundamental realities of the country

23、基本国情GDP(Gross Domestic Product)国内生产总值GNP(Gross National Product)国民生产总值guide rational consumption 引导合理消费head-hunting company 猎头公司high-tech business incubator； pioneer park 创业园holiday economy 假日经济improve the industrial pattern and product mix 改进产业结构和产品结构improve the overall national strength 提高综合国力incr

24、ease the state tax revenue 增加财政收入individual income tax 个人所得税intellectual property rights 知识产权international common practice 国际惯例issue shares and bonds 发行股票、债券knockout product； competitive product 拳头产品knowledge economy 知识经济lottery industry 博彩业macrocontrol 宏观调控make the economy more market-oriented 使经济进

25、一步市场化non-performing loan 不良贷款normal trade relations 正常贸易关系over consuming； excessive consumption 超前消费overheating of the economy 经济过热overseas investment 外资popular investment spot 投资热点investment portfolio 投资总额prevent the loss of state assets 防止国有资产流失private enterprises 私人企业promote the commercialization

26、 of housing 促进住房商品化protective tariffs 保护性关税pursue the policy of deflation 执行通货紧缩政策redundant building project； duplication of similarprojects重复建设regional protectionism 地方保护主义seize the opportunity 抓住机遇shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 从粗放经济转变为集约经济soft stock疲软股票stimulate domestic demand

27、 刺激内需survival of the fittest 优胜劣汰sustainable development 可持续发展switch to a market economy 经济转轨take economic construction as the central task 以经济建设为中心technology-intensive / labor-intensive / capital-intensive / knowledge-intensive industries 技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业the devaluation pressure on RMB 人民币贬值的压力the

28、free convertibility of the RMB will evenlv be instituted 最终实现人民币的自山兑换the globalization trend in economic development 经济发展全球化的趋势the personnel market 人才市场the primary / secondary / tertiary industry 第一/第二/第三产业Shanghai Securities Exchange 上海证券交易所the stability of RMB exchange rate against USD 人民币兑美元汇率稳定t

29、he stock market(exchange)index 股市指数the value-added tax(VAT)增值税transnational corporation 跨国公司upgrading of industries产业的升级换代urban planning 城市规划West Development西部大开发4 .体育卫生acupuncture 针灸alcoholism 酗酒allergic过敏的amateur业余运动员，爱好者an unexpected winner； dark horse 冷门，黑马baseball 垒球be critically ill 病危be hospi

30、talized 住院治疗 be severely ill 病重bid for hosting the 2020 Olympic Games 申办2020年奥运会 bird flu禽流感 blood donator 献血者cancer癌症championship冠军赛，锦标赛 chronic disease 慢性病 dentist牙科医生department of internal medicine 内科 diving competition 跳水比赛 doctor of traditional Chinese medicine 中医 drug-fast抗药性的ENT(ear-nose-thro

31、at)doctor 耳鼻喉科医生 field events 田赛get into a good living habit养成良好的生活习惯 go on a diet减肥席食 golf高尔夫球gymnastics 体操 gynecologist妇科医生 handball 手球 head nurse 护士长 heal the wounded and rescue the dying 救死扶伤 health-care food 保健食品 health concern 健康问题hockey曲棍球 host nation 东道国 illness / disease 疾病 incurable diseas

32、e 不治之症 infectious disease 传染病 influenza流行性感冒 inject打针 junk food垃圾食品International Olympic Committee 国际奥林匹克委员会?？， laboratory technician 化验员 make CT / X. ray 做 CT/X 光检查 malignant tumor 恶性肿瘤 massage 按摩 maternity and child care 妇幼保健 medical instruments 医疗器械 medical insurance 医疗保险 medical personnel 医务人员 m

33、ental / psychological health / fitness 心理健康 Ministry of Public Health 卫生部mock skiing park旱地滑雪场national team 国家队normal temperature 正常体温oculist眼科医生Olympic Games slogan 奥运口号One wodd, One dream同一个世界，同一个梦想operating room 手术室PE(Physical Education)体育pediatrician儿科医生pharmacist 药剂师physical exercises 体育锻炼physi

34、cal health 生理健康physician in charge 主治医师physician内科医生professional职业运动员promote physical culture and build up the people s health 发展体育运动，增强人民体质provide medical services 提供医疗服务psychiatric hospital(mental home)精神病院public health公共卫生regular physical check-up 定期体检reform of medical system 医疗体制改革restore to hea

35、lth 身体康复rugby橄榄球sacrifice health 牺牲健康short-term economic benefits 短期经济利益sporting / sports power 体育大国/强国sports circle体育界sportsmanship 体育精神state of mind 心态strengthen one1 s physique 增强体质student nurse 实习护士sub-health 亚健康surfing冲浪surgeon外科医生surgical department 夕卜科swing秋千tennis网球the mascots of the 2008 Ol

36、ympic Games 2008年奥运会吉祥物the patients rights to know 病人知情权the world University Games世界大学生运动会total tobacco ban 全面禁烟track events 径赛traditional Chinese medicine 中药urgent rescue紧急救护well-balanced diet 均衡饮食without repayment 无偿write out a prescription 开处方5 .生活就业a labor fair； a job fair 劳务招聘会after-sale servic

37、e 售后服务appointment book 记事簿box lunch 盒饭bungee jumping 蹦极car-care products汽车护理用品clip纸夹competent people； trained personnel； experts； specialists 人才consumer durables 耐用消费品contact lens隐形眼镜convenience store 便利店cost of living生活费用dairy products 牛奶产品Dear John letter(from woman to man)断交信discount store 打折店dom

38、icile system： residence registration system 户口管理制度downsizing for efficiency； cut payroll to improve efficiency 减员增效 drug store 药店Dutch treatment； go Dutch AA 缶!Jeight-treasure rice pudding 八宝饭employer 雇主employee 雇员estate management 物业管理executive desk 办公桌export of labor services 劳务输出extramarital love

39、 婚外恋face adverse conditions 面临困境factory outlets厂家直销点family planning 计划生育foot bridge步行天桥frozen food速冻食品grocery store 小卖部hen-pecked husband 妻管严丈夫informants hot-line telephone 举报电话instant-boiled mutton 涮羊肉iellied bean curd 豆腐脑job-hopping 跳槽job market就业市场local police station 派出所lump-sum payment 一次性收入maj

40、or and serious criminal cases 大要案medical services at state expense 公费医疗non-returnable container 一次性包装.nuclear family小家庭，核心家庭offer one s seat to elders 给老人让座office automation 办公自动化one-time consumption 一次消费packaged foods 包装食品pay in full 一次付清pension fund退休基金personal-care supplies 个人护理用品pre-employment a

41、nd on-the-job(in-service)training 就业前和在职培训prime time黄金时段public institution 事业单位public reserved fund 公积金rate of unemployment 失业率refreshments 点心redirect laid-off workers for reemployment 分流下岗人员争取再就也reemployment service center 再就业服务中心residence booklet 户口簿rich dishes丰盛的菜肴sanitary cup -次性杯子set meal 套餐sho

42、pping basket program 菜篮子工程shopping mall ； shopping center 购物中心sidewalk snack booth 大排档specialty shop 专卖店starting from scratch 白手起家stockroomstyle supermarket 仓储式超市the apple of one S eye 掌上明珠throw-away chopsticks 一次性筷子tighten one, S bell勒紧腰带度日to be a vendor(do business)练摊two-for-one offer 买一送一unregist

43、ered employment； veiled re-employment 隐形就业vocational training 职业培训vacuum packing 真空包装work extra shifts 力口班worse off than some， better off than many 比上不足，比下有余6 .环境保护adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection 坚持环境保护基本国策afforested areas； greening space 绿化面积air pollution concentration

44、空气污染浓度carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carrying capacity of environment 环境负荷catastrophe 大灾难celldriven vehicles 电动汽车centralized treatment plant 集中处理厂China s guiding principles for environmental protection 中国环保基本方针clean (renewable) energy 清洁(可再生)能源climate change 气候变化commercial fishing 商业捕鱼conservation of water and

45、soil 水土保持conserve natural habitats 保护生存环境curb environmental pollution； bring the pollution under control 治理环境污染Db； Decibel 分贝decontamination of urban refuse 城市垃圾无害处理deforestation 乱砍滥伐desertification 沙漠化destructive and disastrous earthquake 破坏性灾难性地震develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源die out灭绝disposab

46、le chopsticks 一次性筷子disruption of ecological balance 生态失衡drought 旱灾ecosystem生态系统ecotourism生态旅游El Nino phenomenon厄尔尼诺现象endangered species/wildlife 濒危物种/野生动物environment protection 环境保护environmental awareness 环保意识enhance environmental awareness 提高环保意识environment-friendly region 生态示范区environmental degradation 环境恶化environmental protection department 环境保护机构environment-friendly agriculture； eco-agriculture 生态农业environment-friendly products 环保产品exhaust 废气exhaust purifier尾气净化器extinct 灭绝fast-growing trees 速生林flo