(课标版)云南省2018年中考英语总复习第一部分基础知识梳理课时12八下8试题.doc

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1、第一部分 基础知识梳理课时12 八8. 单项填空1. (2017临沂)In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to _ your gloves before shaking hands.A. take off B. take in C. take after D. take out2. (2017大理下关四中模拟)What do you think of my shirt? It _ cotton. It wouldnt be better on you. A. is made up B. is made byC. is mad

2、e of D. is made in3. It might be cool in the evening. Youd better take a(n) _A. umbrella B. sweaterC. wallet D. camera4. The player was _ by reporters from different places after she won the medal during the Olympic Games.A. interviewed B. changedC. dreamed D. discussed5. Is it cold in winter here?N

3、o, it isnt. The temperature normally stays _zero.A. in B. down C. above D. below6. I hurried to the _ only to find that all the flights were canceled because of the heavy fog. A. airport B. schoolC. home D. company7. Dad, why cant I still draw a picture well?Oh, dear, just be _. It takes time.A. cre

4、ative B. humorousC. patient D. polite8. Could you tell me the result of the _ you did yesterday?Well. It showed 80% people agree to take a bus to work.A. survey B. method C. standard D. direction9. Please dont care too much about others life, because everyone wants to_ his or her private space.A. ow

5、n B. win C. cause D. risk10. Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi.A. decision B. choiceC. advice D. reason11. Its a good habit to make a _ of what you are going to do at the beginning of a day.I agree with you.A. sense B. list C. wish D.

6、 mark12. Never offer your_ information to others on the Internet.Because it is not safe for you.A. medical B. publicC. personal D. common13. According to the rule, children should _ a nearby school to receive education in Nanjing.A. enter B. afford C. support D. present14. We must make a _ whether g

7、o there or not, because our classmates are waiting for reply.A. decision B. businessC. question D. chance15. Christmas is a time for _ joy, so you should spare some time to spend with your friends. A. hiding B. spreadingC. connecting D. buying. 完形填空I believe that we students all love holidays. In th

8、e summer holiday, our school_1_a trip for us to England. We were so_2_ because it was the first time to travel to England. And we had been excited for a long time for this_3_We arrived_4_ the airport in London at 9 oclock on July 16th. Then the coach drove us to the small town of Sawston._5_ we reac

9、hed there, it was 11：30 at night. I thought the host family would not take me home until the next day._6_in fact I felt very surprised. They were still waiting for me in the cold air.My host mother, Claire Carse, took me home and gave me some food to eat. I was_7_ moved by their kindness.At 8 oclock

10、 the next morning, the host mother woke me up. I went downstairs and began to _8_ the house. This was a big and beautiful house: there were many kinds of flowers and small trees that I had never seen before. These flowers were very beautiful. This time I kept the names of_9_family membersher husband

11、 Kevin Carse, and her daughter Rebecca Carse. We finished breakfast in the morning. Then the family_10_me to watch TV with them. In the afternoon, they took me to visit a painting exhibition. What a great exhibition it was！We had a wonderful time together. 1. A. took B. suggestedC. organized D. thou

12、ght2. A. sad B. tired C. nervous D. happy3. A. work B. sky C. trip D. dinner4. A. at B. in C. on D. for5. AUnless B. When C. Since D. After6. A. And B. But C. So D. Or7. A. clearly B. properly C. slowly D. deeply8. A. look around B. find outC. work as D. get off9. A. others B. another C. other D. th

13、e other10. A. made B. accepted C. helped D. invited. 阅读理解A(2017金华改编)I remember the green coat in my fifth and sixth grades.When I needed a new jacket, my mother asked what kind I wanted. I described something like bikers wear. She listened carefully. I thought she understood for sure the kind I want

14、ed.The next day when I got home from school, I discovered, on my bed, a jacket which was not what I had expected. I went close to the jacket slowly as if it were a stranger.From the kitchen mother shouted that my jacket was in the closet. I rushed and pulled at the clothes in the closet, hoping the

15、jacket on the bed wasnt for me but my brother. No luck. I wanted to cry because it was so ugly and so big. But I knew Id have to wear it for a long time before Id have a new one. I looked at the jacket, like an enemy, thinking bad things before I took off my old and small jacket.I threw it on my bro

16、thers bed and looked at it for a long time before I put it on and went out.The next day I wore it to school. At the morning break, when it was time for the whole school to get together on the playground, everyone saw me.I felt embarrassed as if I heared their laughters.After a few minutes, my teache

17、r said to me，“you looks handsome today wearing this jacket.”I became happy at once.I ran home and said to mother“thank you.” And it was about that time I began to understand that I should not only follow my own thought.Now the green jacket has become my brother who goes along wherever I go.1. The wr

18、iter thought the jacket was _ when he first saw it.A. beautiful B. cool C. ugly D. small2. The writer went to school in the new jacket because _.A. his jacket was too old and smallB. his brother asked him to do soC. he wanted to show it to his friendsD. he would act in a school play3. The changes of

19、 the writers attitude(态度) towards the jacket can be described as _.A. enemystrangerbrotherB. brotherstrangerenemyC. strangerbrotherenemyD. strangerenemybrother4. Why the writer felt embarrassed when the whole school got together on the playground?A. He thought everyone laughed at him because his gre

20、en jacket.B. His classmates is very friendly to him.C. His best friend saw him for a long time.D. He didnt know the reason.5. From this passage，we can learn _A. we should pay more attention to studyB. we should not follow own thoughts all the timeC. the green jacket is very beautifulD. the writer is

21、 too young to understand his motherB睿智的买家Clothes are important and necessary to us, but do you know how to choose suitable clothes in a correct way? Here are some ideas for you.When you go shopping and want to buy some clothes, you should think about which kind of clothes you really need and decide

22、how much money you can spend on them. Then look at the labels(标签) inside the new clothes. _1_ The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. _2_ The label on a coat may say “drycleaned only” and cleaning in water may ruin(破坏) this coat. If you do as the directions say on the labels, yo

23、u can keep your clothes in their best condition.Many clothes today must be drycleaned. _3_ When buying new clothes, you had better check if they need to be drycleaned. You can save money if you buy clothes that can be washed or that are wellmade. Wellmade clothes last longer. _4_Clothes that cost mo

24、re money dont always mean they are better made. _5_ On the other hand, less expensive clothes may sometimes look better and fit you well.A. Drycleaning is expensive.B. They may not fit you, either.C. After they are washed, they are wet.D. They tell you how to take care of the clothes.E. A sweater la

25、bel may tell you to wash it in cold water.F. They look good even after they have been washed many times.G. We buy clothes that can be washed only in order to save money. 书面表达The Reading Corner提示：为了鼓励学生之间学会分享，同时促进大家相互学习，很多班级里都设立了阅读角。你们班的阅读角又是什么样子的呢？请以The Reading Corner为题，写一篇英语短文描述你们班的阅读角。要求：1. 语言流畅、书

26、写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。_答案.1. B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：男孩看见一只小鸟在窗户旁边休息，他_移过去看了一眼。politely礼貌地；quietly轻轻地；easily容易地；safely安全地。联系前半句可知此处指“轻轻地移过去”，故选B。2. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“我真的希望进入一所好的高中。我该怎么办？”“你应该做出_提高你的成绩。”根据句意可知此处指做出努力提高成绩，故选A。3. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我妈妈花了很长时间准备这些_，它们尝起来很美味。spoons勺子；pieces片；

27、dishes饭菜；bowls碗。根据句意可知此处指饭菜，故选C。4. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：对青少年来说，_他们在学习上的兴趣比得到高分更重要。develop 发展，培养； mention提及；collect收集；discuss 讨论。根据句意可知，应该是培养兴趣。故选A。5. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“中央电视台的中国诗词大会是一个巨大的_。”“你说得对。越来越多的人开始享受诗歌的魅力。”project 项目；success 成功；chance机会；experiment 实验。根据句意可知，此处表示中国诗词大会是一个成功。故选B。6. A【解析】考查动词固定用法。句意

28、为：我认为摔跤吧，爸爸这部电影很值得看，我已经看了三遍了。“be worth doing sth.值得做某事”为固定用法，故选A。7. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“在过生日时，人们为什么从来不把_切断？”“因为它们是长寿的象征。”eggs鸡蛋；cakes蛋糕；noodles面条；cookies饼干。根据常识可知，过生日时吃的长面条象征长寿。故选C。8. D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在你包饺子之前你最好先把肉_。take up 从事；clean up 清理；give up 放弃；cut up切碎。根据句意可知，包饺子前应该先把肉切碎。故选D。9. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意

29、为：教育的_不是授之以鱼，而是授之以渔。purpose目的；advantage优势；pleasure乐趣；success成功。根据语境可知，这里指的是教育的目的，故选A。10. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：有时候生活不如我们_的那样完美。我们应该接受我们生活中的失望，并且永远不要丧失信心。imagine想象；finish完成；mind介意；know知道，懂得。根据句意可知此处是指生活并不如我们想象的那样完美。故选A。11. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：在餐馆点菜之前，服务生通常递给你一个_。menu菜单；guest顾客；bill账单；food食物。根据句意可知此处指菜单，故选A

30、。12. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为“你认为你现在的工作怎样？”“我从未_所做的决定，因为这份工作值得我付出所有努力。”regretted后悔；refused拒绝；returned回到；realized意识到。结合句意可知我从未后悔做决定，故选A。. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇哲理故事。讲述了一个女孩的父亲把她带到了厨房，在三个锅里分别放了胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆并把它们烧开，然后让女孩观察。父亲以此启发她在人生处于逆境的时候应该怎么做的故事。1. B【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意为：不知该_挺过去，她想放弃。what什么；how怎样；where在哪里；which哪个。分析句子结构，“to

31、make it”意为“成功做到”，这个短语不缺宾语，因此应该使用做状语的连词，排除选项A。再结合句意，“how”填在这里符合语境，指她如何成功做成某事。故选B。2. C【解析】考查一般过去时的用法。句意为：她的父亲是个厨师，他把她带到了厨房。分析句子结构，此处缺少一个谓语动词，排除选项D。从下句“He filled three pots(锅) _3_ water and put each on a high fire.”可知，这里讲述的是过去的故事，因此空格处的谓语动词应该使用过去时，排除选项A和B。故选C。3. A【解析】考查介词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意为：他在三个锅里分别装满了水，加大火烧

32、。with和，跟；in在里面；of的；for为，给。“fill.with.”是一个固定短语，意为“用装满”。因此“with”符合语境。故选A。4. B【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：他_一句话，(由着水)把它们煮沸。with和，跟，带有；without没有；at在；after在以后。从“He let them boil”可知，父亲当时并没有给女儿解释什么。因此，“without”符合语境。故选B。5. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：二十_后，父亲关掉了火，把胡萝卜捞出来，放到一个碗里，又把鸡蛋放进一个碟子里，接着把咖啡倒在一个杯子里。minutes分钟；hours小时；seconds秒

33、；months月。从常识判断，水要烧开需要15分钟到20分钟左右。因此“minutes”用在这里符合语境。故选A。6. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：他问他女儿，“亲爱的，你_了什么？”read读；watch观看，注视；look看；see看到，看见(强调看到的结果)。联系上文，父亲把三样东西放在水里煮完之后捞出来，这里应询问女儿看到的是什么结果。因此，强调结果的动词“see”符合语境。故选D。7. C【解析】考查形容词比较级辨析。句意为：父亲使她离得_，要她去摸摸胡萝卜。higher更高；faster更快；closer更亲密，更近；longer更长。由feel可知是应该让她再近一些去摸胡

34、萝卜。因此“closer”符合语境。故选C。8. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：女儿_咖啡的味道，笑了。forgot忘记；remembered记住；hated讨厌；enjoyed欣赏，喜欢。从“and smiled”可知，女儿非常喜欢咖啡的味道。因此“enjoyed”填在这里符合语境。故选D。9. C【解析】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意为：他解释说，这三样东西_面临着同样的逆境煮沸的水。neither二者都不；both二者都；each每个；none没有一个。联系上文，三样东西每样都被放到水里煮，数量上是三个且表示肯定的含义。因此“each”符合语境。故选C。10. A【解析】考查动词短语辨

35、析。句意为：这所有的都_你！depends on取决于，依靠；insists on坚持；puts on穿上；takes up开始。联系上文可知父亲询问女儿到底想成为哪一类人，取决于她自己。所以“depends on”符合语境。故选A。.A 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品科学家通过怎样的努力，使食品更健康、更安全、更好吃、更容易做，同时还在食物里添加维生素和矿物质，来帮助人们预防疾病。这些食品科学家都在大学里进行过四年严格的培训。1. T【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家利用物理、化学和生物的科学方法来使食品健康、安全、好吃、容易做。根据第二段的第一句“Food scien

36、tists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook.”可知此句正确。2. F【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家发现低脂肪的食物通常有非常好的口感。根据第二段的第三句“They found that highfat foods usually had a very good mouth feel.”可知是高脂肪的食物通常有非常好的口感，所以此句错误。 3. T【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家总是向食物里加维

37、生素和矿物质来使人们更健康。根据第二段的第七、八句“They may study adding vitamins(维生素) and minerals(矿物质) to many kinds of breads. This can help people avoid some health problems.”可知食品科学家向食物里加维生素和矿物质的目的是帮助人们避免健康问题。所以此句正确。4. T【解析】细节理解题。句意为：如果一个人没有足够的维生素，他的骨骼就不够结实来支撑他的体重。根据第二段的最后一句“Without them, a persons bones are not hard en

38、ough to support the persons weight.”可知此句正确。5. F【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家至少在大学里研究食品科学四年，然后在政府里工作。根据最后一段的内容“ They work in the food processing industry. Some work in universities. Some work in the government.”可知，食品科学家在大学里研究食品科学后，不一定都在政府里工作。所以此句错误。B【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了怎么在日常生活中节约食物。1. D【解析】根据空前 “.people are fa

39、cing the problem of hunger. ”及所给选项可知，此处表示的是我们应该做些事情，D项最符合语境。2. B【解析】根据空前 “Start with the fresh food.”及本段标题可知此处指要使用冰箱里面的食物。B项最符合语境。3. G【解析】根据空后例子可知是讲如何利用好不同食物的方法。G项最符合语境。4. C【解析】根据此段标题可知是介绍冷冻室的用处。C项最符合语境。5. A【解析】根据此段标题及空后解释可知是讲述如何合理计划好餐饭及节约食物。A项最符合语境。.【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息：1. 本文介绍垃圾食品并提出建议，因此文体为说明文，

40、人称以第一人称为主；2. 文章要包含垃圾食品对健康有害及选择健康的生活方式两方面内容；3. 文章描述的是一种现象及提出建议，故需用一般现在时；4. 词数不少于60个，不可出现真实的姓名、校名。 【写作指导】 对垃圾食品说不要点提示素材串联开头：引出话题，表明自己的观点对垃圾食品说再见(say no to)正文：说明远离垃圾食品原因及建议原因：对健康有害，且产生垃圾(do harm to)建议：1三餐要规律，少吃零食，快餐(regularly，on time)；2. 多吃蔬菜，水果；3. 多参加户外活动(outdoor activities)。结尾：总结全文，强调主题再次强调远离垃圾食品(get

41、 away from)。【高分范文】Say No to Junk FoodNowadays, more and more attention has been paid to food safety and health. As far as I am concerned, we should say no to junk food.There is no doubt that junk food is made delicious and attractive, but it surely does harm to our body. Meanwhile, the over packagin

42、g necessarily leads to more rubbish.To get away from junk food, we should focus on how to keep a healthy lifestyle. First, eat regularly, three meals a day on time. Try as few snacks or fast food as possible. Second, take more fruits and vegetables which can provide the nutrition we need. Whats more

43、, do more outdoor activities, as long as you are busy with something interesting, you will more probably get away from junk food.In a word, a healthy diet with less junk food can help make us stronger and stronger. 课时12八8核心词汇训练云南5年真题面对面 1. Silk Road【解析】句意：_是联系中国和许多其他国家文化的桥梁。“丝绸之路”是专有名词，应该翻译为“the Sil

44、k Road”。故填Silk Road。2. depend on【解析】句意：当今的孩子太_他们的父母了。他们应该学会怎样照顾自己。depend on 依靠，依赖。从today可知句子时态是一般现在时，且主语children是复数。故填depend on。3. B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为“噢，天哪！你的房间真乱。”“对不起，妈妈。我将会_。”set it up建立它；clean it up打扫它；put it up张贴它；look it up查询它。分析句意可知应该打扫房间，因此clean it up符合语境。故选B。4. B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为“你什么时候_骑自行车作为你

45、的爱好？”“一年前。”show up露面；take up拿起，开始从事某事； make up化妆；编造；put up建造。由句意可知此处表示开始从事。故选B。拓展提升. 1.daily【解析】句意为：网络支付服务被广泛运用于我们的_生活中。根据句意可知，此空应该指日常的，应用day的形容词形式，故填daily。2. simply【解析】句意为：你可以在享受水上运动，或者_躺在沙滩上。空格处所填的词修饰动词lie，因此用副词形式。故填simply。3. owner【解析】句意为： Mary 和Tony是一对宠物猪。这两头猪最近得到了一份特殊的证件以至于他们的_能带它们外出散步。根据句意可知是猪的主人， a pair