高考英语 情态动词课件 新人教.ppt

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1、2.HowmanyyearscanamountainexistBeforeitswashedtothesea?Yes,howmanyyearscansomepeopleexistBeforetheyreallowedtobefree?Yes,howmanytimescanamanturnhishead,Pretendinghejustdoesntsee?Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,Theanswerisblowinginthewind.BlowingintheWind3.HowmanytimesmustamanlookupBeforehecans

2、eethesky?Yes,howmanyearsmustonemanhaveBeforehecanhearpeoplecry?Yes,howmanydeathswillittaketillheknowsThattoomanypeoplehavedied?Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,Theanswerisblowinginthewind.1HowmanyroadsmustamanwalkdownBeforeyoucallhimaman?howmanyseasmustawhitedovesailBeforeshesleepsinthesand?Yes

3、,howmanytimesmustthecannonballsflyBeforetheyreforeverbanned?Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,Theanswerisblowinginthewind.2021/8/11 星期三1GrammarModalverbs2021/8/11 星期三22021/8/11 星期三3cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(darent)need(neednt)usedtomodalverbs1.How many modal verbs

4、 do you know?2021/8/11 星期三4只作情态动词的只作情态动词的可情态可实义的可情态可实义的可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的can/could,may/might,ought to，mustneed,dare/daredshall/should,will/wouldhave to,used to2021/8/11 星期三52.Whatsthedefinitionofmodalverbs?情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表表示说话人的情绪示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语但不能单独作谓

5、语,只能和其他动词原只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。形构成谓语。2021/8/11 星期三63.Whatarethefunctionsofmodalverbs?1.Totalkabout_2.Totalkabout_3.Totalkabout_4.Totalkabout_abilityobligationcertaintypermission2021/8/11 星期三75.Tomake_ 6.Tomake_7.Tomake_8.Togive_requestssuggestionsoffersadvice2021/8/11 星期三82.ReadPartAonpage31,andthencomplet

6、ethepassage.Answers(1)can(2)dare(3)can/could(4)may/might/could(5)mustnt/shouldnt/cant(6)mustnt/shouldnt/cant(7)can(8)neednt2021/8/11 星期三92021/8/11 星期三101.Talkaboutability:can,could和和beableto的用法的用法Shecan/beabletosingthesonginEnglish.Thismachinecanmakeyoufeelcomfortable.1.can,beableto都可都可表示表示“能力能力”Can

7、的主语是人或物的主语是人或物,beableto的主语是人的主语是人Wellbeabletofinishtheworksoon.Ihaventbeenabletoseethefilm.2.can只用于现在时和过去时只用于现在时和过去时(could)。beableto可以用于各种时态。可以用于各种时态。3.could用于表示泛指过去的能力。如：用于表示泛指过去的能力。如：IcouldreadwhenIwasfour.2021/8/11 星期三114.表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用事时，只能用was/wereableto，不能用不能用co

8、uld。He_fleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.Note：was able to2021/8/11 星期三122.Totalkaboutobligationoughtto/shouldhavetomust*haveto能用于能用于各种时态各种时态,且有人称和数的变化且有人称和数的变化.oughtto的否定式为的否定式为oughtnotto/oughtntto强强2021/8/11 星期三13should&oughttoShould&oughtto含义相近，都可表含义相近，都可表“责任，责任，义务义务”常可互换。区别在于，常可互换。区别在于，oughtto常指常指特殊

9、情况下的特殊情况下的“应当应当”。Should则指一般则指一般情况。情况。Yououghttohelphimbecauseheisintroublenow.(语气强，有命令意味。语气强，有命令意味。)Youshouldhavearestafterfinishingyoursports.（一般性建议）（一般性建议）Yououghttocallthepolicewhenyoufindsomethingwronginyourhouse.Heshouldtakecareofthebabiestonight.2021/8/11 星期三14*情态动词情态动词should一般不应被认为是情态动词一般不应被认

10、为是情态动词 shall的过去式，主要用法有：的过去式，主要用法有：1)用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和，如：较委婉温和，如：What should we do now?我们现在该怎么办？我们现在该怎么办？2)表示应该、必须，常与表示应该、必须，常与must 换用。例如：换用。例如：We should(must)master a foreign language at least.3)用于虚拟语气用于虚拟语气:It is suggested that he(should)be sent there at once.It is str

11、ange that he should say so.I m surprised that he should eat so little every.2021/8/11 星期三15 must表主观意志，而表主观意志，而haveto表由于客观因表由于客观因素不得不做完成的事情。素不得不做完成的事情。Must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可表示过没有过去式，除在间接引语中可表示过去的时间。在直接引语中表示过去的时间用去的时间。在直接引语中表示过去的时间用hadto代替。代替。Itoldherthatshemustgiveupsmoking.比较比较must&havetoIts getting lat

12、e.I Its getting late.I have tohave to leave now.leave now.（客观需要）（客观需要）2021/8/11 星期三163.Totalkaboutuncertaintymightmayshouldoughttowillmust强强2021/8/11 星期三172.情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测must 对将来对将来 对现在对现在 对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may,might cant,couldntcan,could +V.+V.+have done常见常

13、见must be +be doing +V.+V.+have done +be doing 可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不”+V.+V.+have done +be doing+V.+V.+have done +be doing2021/8/11 星期三18 1.I dont know where she is,she _ be in Wuhan.2.At this moment,our teacher _ our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.The road is wet.It _ last night.(rain)4.Y

14、our mother _ for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been looking2021/8/11 星期三195.Philip _ seriously in the car accident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is still here.-She _(go)by bus.7.Mike _ his car,for he came to work by bus t

15、his morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。公共汽车来上班的。may(might)have been hurtmay(might)have gonecant have found2021/8/11 星期三20高考考题高考考题:1.I thought you _like something to read,so I have brought you some books.A.may B.might C.would D.must 2.Where is my pen?I _it.A.might lose B.would

16、have lost C.should have lost D.must have lost3.I didnt hear the phone.I _asleep A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have beenB D B 2021/8/11 星期三214.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journey A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt h

17、ave been D.couldnt have been 5.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _be here at any moment.A.must B.need C.should D.could D D 2021/8/11 星期三22may/might,can/could*might,could比较比较委婉委婉,一般多用于一般多用于疑问句疑问句.*can,may表达的语言比较随便表达的语言比较随便.*在以在以could,might表示表示征询对方意见征询对方意见或或表示请求表示请求时，回答应相应使用时，回答应相应使用can,may.4.Totalkaboutpe

18、rmission2021/8/11 星期三23四、熟悉情态动词委婉用法：四、熟悉情态动词委婉用法：could,would,might等情态动词均等情态动词均有委婉用法，它们不是过去式而是有委婉用法，它们不是过去式而是表示语气委婉、客气、礼貌，常用表示语气委婉、客气、礼貌，常用与疑问句，并多用于习惯表达，与疑问句，并多用于习惯表达，如如wouldyouplease,wouldyoumind,wouldyouliketo等，等，might还可以用于肯定句表示推测，表示还可以用于肯定句表示推测，表示可能性小，可能性小，might和和could表示征求表示征求对方意见时，回答必须还成对方意见时，回答必

19、须还成may,can.2021/8/11 星期三24例例1：-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou_.A.mightB.willC.canD.should析：选析：选C。该句用。该句用can的委婉表达式的委婉表达式could来征求对方意见，来征求对方意见，could和和might通用，但回答时必须还成通用，但回答时必须还成can或或may，因此该题不选，因此该题不选A.2021/8/11 星期三25例例2：_youmindmysmokinghere?A.ShouldBCouldC.MightD.Would析：选析：选D。征求对方意见我是否在这。征

20、求对方意见我是否在这儿吸烟，语气理应委婉，所以应选儿吸烟，语气理应委婉，所以应选委婉的表达方式委婉的表达方式wouldyoumind来征求对方意见。来征求对方意见。2021/8/11 星期三26willcancouldwould 5.Tomakerequests6.Tomakesuggestions（）（）Shallwedosomeexercisethismorning?7.Tomakeoffers（）（）8.Togiveadvice（）（）ShallIgetaticketforyou?Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatalotbeforeswimming.BAC2021/8

21、/11 星期三27 Notice!2021/8/11 星期三281.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare 情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.1.无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化;2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中否定句及疑问句中;*在在if/whether之后之后;*或与或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用连用;3.3.常以常以neednt和和darent 的形式出现的形式出现;4.4.dare有其过去时有其过去时dared.多用于肯定句多用于肯定句;needtododaretodoneedtobedon

22、eneeddoing 2021/8/11 星期三291.判断正误判断正误:How dare you say such a thing?How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd,did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd,dare he?ExercisesExercises2021/8/11 星期三30Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.Nobody need

23、be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes need be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully.2021/8/11 星期三31Note:对对need问句的回答问句的回答:-Need I finish the work today?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.you mustyou needntyou dont have to2021/8/11 星期三32neednt 对其它情态动词的

24、回答对其它情态动词的回答:-Shall I tell John about it?-No,you _.-Must we do it now?-No,you _.neednt(dont have to)neednt(dont have to)2021/8/11 星期三332.情态动词：情态动词：shall,will的的多种意义多种意义:*shall可表示必须、允诺、命令、可表示必须、允诺、命令、警告或征警告或征询意见询意见.*均可表示将来。均可表示将来。过去时为过去时为should,would.1.Shall we/he/she turn on the project today?2.You s

25、hall get what you want if you come here.3.He shall go first,whether he wants of not.4.The fine shall be paid in cash.5.If you dont behave yourself,you shall be punished.许诺许诺征求建议征求建议命令命令强制强制威胁威胁2021/8/11 星期三34*will可可表示意愿、决心或决定、常出现的表示意愿、决心或决定、常出现的动作、在疑问句中表示请求和建议动作、在疑问句中表示请求和建议.If you will take off you

26、r clothes,we will try the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.Will/Would you please turn down the TV?Whenever he meets me,he will come over and say hello to me.Fish will die without water.意愿意愿请求请求习惯性动作习惯性动作必然性必然性2021/8/11 星期三351.He_bepunishedifhedisobeys.如果他不服从如果他不服从,就要受到惩罚就要受到惩罚.2.Wearenotgoi

27、ngtoquarrelatallifyou_onlyletmespeak.只要你让我说话只要你让我说话,我们根本就不会吵架我们根本就不会吵架.3.-Sir,_hegoorstay?-Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB 2021/8/11 星期三364.Thedoor_open.这门经常打不开这门经常打不开.5.Ronald_stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would6.You_havethebookafterIreadit

28、.我看完以后一定把这本书给你我看完以后一定把这本书给你.wontDshall2021/8/11 星期三373.表示否定的情态动词的用法表示否定的情态动词的用法:部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。之一。mustnt 不准不准,禁止禁止 neednt 没必要没必要(=dont have to)cant 不能不能;不可能不可能may not 不可以不可以;可能不可能不shouldnt 不应该不应该(=ought not to)2021/8/11 星期三381.You_returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekif

29、youlike.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot2.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;shouldntCB 2021/8/11 星期三393.-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont4.-MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?-_.A.No,youneedntB.Not,pl

30、ease.C.No,youmustntD.No,youwontB C 2021/8/11 星期三404.Must表推测时的反义疑问句表推测时的反义疑问句 1.He must be in the classroom,isnt he?2.He must like dogs,doesnt he?3.He must have watered the flowers,hasnt he?4.He must have watered the flowers last night,didnt he?2021/8/11 星期三41一一.must表示推测表示推测，其疑问部分必须与，其疑问部分必须与must后面的主

31、要动词相呼应后面的主要动词相呼应二二.A.句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语，句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语，这时疑问部分中的动词就用这时疑问部分中的动词就用现在完成时现在完成时B.陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语，疑问陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语，疑问部分的动词就用部分的动词就用一般过去时。一般过去时。Conclusion:2021/8/11 星期三425.情态动词情态动词+have done1.有哪些：有哪些：2.2.分类：分类：a,表推测：表推测：3.b,表本来可以：表本来可以：should have done/ought to have doneneed have done/would

32、 have donemight/may have done/must have donecould have done2021/8/11 星期三431.SorryImlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.（2000北京春季）北京春季）A.mightB.shouldC.canD.willA2021/8/11 星期三44 2.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_homewithoutaword.（01全国）全国）A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthave

33、leftD.needntleaveB2021/8/11 星期三453.IlltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.You_herlastweek.（04福福建）建）AoughttotellBwouldhavetoldCmusttellDshouldhavetoldD2021/8/11 星期三464.Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.Oh,he_havebeenaverysmartboythen.（04全国全国IV）A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.mustD2021/8/11 星期三476.Would与与used

34、to的区别的区别would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向“总是总是,总要总要”usedto表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）“过去常常过去常常”usedto可于状态动词连用可于状态动词连用would不可以不可以eg.Heusedtobeaquietboy.()Hewouldbeaquietboy.()2021/8/11 星期三483.ReadPartBonpage31,andthencompletethepassage.Answers(1)Shall(2)shall(3)will(4)will/shall(5)will(6)will/

35、shall(7)shall/will2021/8/11 星期三49Say something to encourage the students in Wen Chuan using some modal verbs.(at least 3 sentences)2021/8/11 星期三50Summary and homeworkWrite a letter to the teenagers in Wen Chuan to encourage them to overcome the difficulties.You should use the modal verbs we have lea

36、rnt today.2021/8/11 星期三512.HowmanyyearscanamountainexistBeforeitswashedtothesea?Yes,howmanyyearscansomepeopleexistBeforetheyreallowedtobefree?Yes,howmanytimescanamanturnhishead,Pretendinghejustdoesntsee?Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,Theanswerisblowinginthewind.BlowingintheWind3.Howmanytimesm

37、ustamanlookupBeforehecanseethesky?Yes,howmanyearsmustonemanhaveBeforehecanhearpeoplecry?Yes,howmanydeathswillittaketillheknowsThattoomanypeoplehavedied?Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,Theanswerisblowinginthewind.1HowmanyroadsmustamanwalkdownBeforeyoucallhimaman?howmanyseasmustawhitedovesailBeforeshesleepsinthesand?Yes,howmanytimesmustthecannonballsflyBeforetheyreforeverbanned?Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,Theanswerisblowinginthewind.2021/8/11 星期三522021/8/11 星期三53