高考英语 虚拟语气2复习课件 牛津.ppt

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1、（虚拟语气）（虚拟语气）2021/8/11 星期三1If条件从句条件从句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反If sb.+过去式（过去式（be的过去式是的过去式是were）sb.+would(should,could,might)+动词原形动词原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反If sb.+had donesb.+would(should,could,might)+have done与将来事实可能与将来事实可能相反相反If sb.+A.过去式过去式 B.were to do C.should+动词动词原形原形sb.+would(should,could,might)+动词原动词原形形非真实条件句

2、中谓语动词形式非真实条件句中谓语动词形式2021/8/11 星期三2一、单项选择一、单项选择1.What would have happened if you _ her child?A.hadnt helped B.couldnt help C.wouldnt help D.didnt help题干主句中用了题干主句中用了would have happened，可，可见是对过去情况的虚拟，所以见是对过去情况的虚拟，所以if从句中应该从句中应该用过去完成时。所以正确答案是：用过去完成时。所以正确答案是：A2021/8/11 星期三32.If Alice _ this afternoon,the

3、 meeting would be put off.A.would not come B.might not comeC.should not come D.could not come题干主句中用了题干主句中用了would be put off，且，且if从句从句中有时间状语中有时间状语this afternoon，可见本题是，可见本题是对将来情况的虚拟，所以对将来情况的虚拟，所以if从句中谓语动词从句中谓语动词可以用三种表达：可以用三种表达：1.过去式；过去式；2.were to do；3.should do。所以正确答案是：。所以正确答案是：C2021/8/11 星期三43.If I _

4、 with her last summer,I _ with her now.A.worked;am getting on very well B.had worked;would get on very well C.had worked;would have got on very well D.had worked;will get on very well本题由本题由last summer可见可见if从句是对过去情况从句是对过去情况的假设，由的假设，由now可见主句是对现在情况的可见主句是对现在情况的虚拟，所以虚拟，所以if从句中谓语动词该用过去完成从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，主句谓

5、语动词该用时，主句谓语动词该用would do。所以正。所以正确答案是：确答案是：B2021/8/11 星期三54._ your letter,I would have started off two days ago.A.If I received B.Should I receive C.If I could have received D.Had I received由主句可见本题是对过去情况的假设，所以由主句可见本题是对过去情况的假设，所以if从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，也可以从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，也可以省略省略if，把，把had提前，用倒装的形式表达。提前，用倒装的形式表达

6、。所以正确答案是：所以正确答案是：D2021/8/11 星期三65.Without sunlight or water or air,there _ no life on the earth.A.will have B.would be C.should be D.must be 本句是由本句是由without引出的含蓄条件句，根据引出的含蓄条件句，根据句意，句意，“没有阳光、水和空气，地球上没有阳光、水和空气，地球上就不就不会会有生命。有生命。”所以主句中谓语动词该用所以主句中谓语动词该用there would be。所以正确答案是：。所以正确答案是：B2021/8/11 星期三76.He

7、was very busy yesterday.Otherwise,he _ to the meeting.A.would come B.came C.would have come D.had come 本句是由本句是由otherwise引出的含蓄条件句，本引出的含蓄条件句，本句中就等于句中就等于If he had not been very busy yesterday，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句中谓语动词该用中谓语动词该用would have done的形式。所以正确答案是：的形式。所以正确答案是：C2021/8/11 星期三87.My suggestio

8、n is that we _ the sports meeting.A.would put off B.should put off C.could put off D.be put off本句中本句中that引导的表语从句，是说明引导的表语从句，是说明my suggestion的具体内容，所以从句中谓语动的具体内容，所以从句中谓语动词该用词该用should+V原形的形式，原形的形式，should可以可以省略。所以正确答案是：省略。所以正确答案是：B2021/8/11 星期三98.I would have come earlier,but I _ that you were waiting f

9、or me.A.didnt know B.hadnt known C.would have known D.havent known本句中前半句是用了本句中前半句是用了would have done的虚的虚拟语气，是对过去情况的虚拟；但是拟语气，是对过去情况的虚拟；但是but连连接的分句，是用来说明过去所发生的事实的，接的分句，是用来说明过去所发生的事实的，所以句中谓语动词该用一般过去时。所以正所以句中谓语动词该用一般过去时。所以正确答案是：确答案是：A2021/8/11 星期三109.I would have gone there with you but I _ too tired the

10、n.A.were B.had been C.was D.have been本句中前半句是用了本句中前半句是用了would have done的虚的虚拟语气，是对过去情况的虚拟；但是拟语气，是对过去情况的虚拟；但是but连连接的分句，是用来说明过去所发生的事实的，接的分句，是用来说明过去所发生的事实的，所以句中谓语动词该用一般过去时。所以正所以句中谓语动词该用一般过去时。所以正确答案是：确答案是：C2021/8/11 星期三1110.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for

11、the exam.A.give B.should give C.be given D.would be given本句中本句中that引导的同位语从句，是说明引导的同位语从句，是说明the suggestion的具体内容，所以从句中谓语动的具体内容，所以从句中谓语动词该用词该用should+V原形的形式，原形的形式，should可以可以省略。学生应该是省略。学生应该是被被给时间，所以要用被动给时间，所以要用被动语态。所以正确答案是：语态。所以正确答案是：C2021/8/11 星期三1211.It is strange that she _ so.A.think B.thinks C.will

12、thinkD.thoughtIts important/necessary/natural/strange+that 从句这种句型中，从句这种句型中，that引导的主语从句中引导的主语从句中谓语动词该用谓语动词该用should+V原形的形式，原形的形式，should可可以省略。以省略。Should表示表示“应该应该”或或“竟然竟然”的意的意思。本句意思是：真奇怪她竟然这么想。所以思。本句意思是：真奇怪她竟然这么想。所以正确答案是：正确答案是：A2021/8/11 星期三1312.Dont come this afternoon.Id rather you _ tomorrow.A.come B

13、.to come C.came D.will comewould rather+that 从句这种句型中，从句这种句型中，that引引导的宾语从句中谓语动词该用虚拟语气：对导的宾语从句中谓语动词该用虚拟语气：对现在或将来的情况用一般过去时；对过去的现在或将来的情况用一般过去时；对过去的情况用过去完成时。所以正确答案是：情况用过去完成时。所以正确答案是：C2021/8/11 星期三1413.It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library.A.is allowed B.be allowed C.should allow D.will be allow

14、ed本句中本句中that引导的主语从句，是说明引导的主语从句，是说明order的的具体内容，所有说明具体内容，所有说明“命令、建议、要求命令、建议、要求”具体内容的名词性从句中谓语动词都该用具体内容的名词性从句中谓语动词都该用should+V原形的形式，原形的形式，should可以省略。可以省略。抽烟是抽烟是不被允许不被允许的，所以要用被动语态。所的，所以要用被动语态。所以正确答案是：以正确答案是：B2021/8/11 星期三1514._ the friendship between us last forever!A.Could B.Will C.May D.Wish情态动词情态动词may位

15、于句首引导句子，这种虚拟位于句首引导句子，这种虚拟语气的句式表示祝愿。句中谓语动词用动词语气的句式表示祝愿。句中谓语动词用动词原形。所以正确答案是：原形。所以正确答案是：C2021/8/11 星期三1615.John was very busy last week,otherwise he _ to attend the meeting.A.would have come B.would come C.should come D.came本句是由本句是由otherwise引出的含蓄条件句，本引出的含蓄条件句，本句中就等于句中就等于If John had not been very busy l

16、ast week，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句中谓语动词该用中谓语动词该用would have done的形式。的形式。所以正确答案是：所以正确答案是：A2021/8/11 星期三171.wish：虚拟语气其他常考情况：虚拟语气其他常考情况：动词动词wish后的宾语从句可用虚拟语气。与现在事实相后的宾语从句可用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反，用反，用were或动词的过去式；与过去事实相反，用或动词的过去式；与过去事实相反，用had+过去分词或过去分词或would/could have+过去分词；表示过去分词；表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用将来没有把握或不太可能

17、实现的愿望，用would/should(could,might)+动词原形。例如：动词原形。例如：I dont know her phone number,but I wish I knew her phone number.I wish I had taken your advice.I wish you would go with us tomorrow2021/8/11 星期三182.Its(about/high)time+(that)在该句型中，谓语动词用过去式在该句型中，谓语动词用过去式(be动词用动词用were)，或用，或用should+V.原形原形(should不省略不省略)，指

18、现在或将来的情况，表示指现在或将来的情况，表示“(早早)该干某事了该干某事了”。例如：。例如：It is high time that we were off.It is time that somebody taught you to behave yourself.It is about time that we should go to bed.2021/8/11 星期三193.as if/though：似乎：似乎as if/though引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气。从句表示与现在事实相反，有时用虚拟语气。从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一

19、般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，had+过去分词；表示可能性不大，用过去分词；表示可能性不大，用would(might,could)+动词原形。例如：动词原形。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it.You look as if you had seen a ghost.It looks as though it might rain.2021/8/11 星期三204.If only：If only后所接句子中，谓语动词用一般过去时后所接句子中，谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望，用过去完成时表表示现在没有实

20、现的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望，常译为示过去没有实现的愿望，常译为“要是要是就就好了好了”。例如：。例如：If only she had known where to find you.If only I could speak several foreign languages!2021/8/11 星期三21二、完形填空二、完形填空 16.A.plan B.fault C.grade D.luck解析：解析：短文第一句话短文第一句话I know I should have told the headmaster at the time.表示表示“我本来应该在那时我本来应该在那时

21、告诉校长。告诉校长。”因为本来应该做而没有做，所以作因为本来应该做而没有做，所以作者认为这的确是他的者认为这的确是他的过错过错。所以答案为：。所以答案为：B2021/8/11 星期三22解析：解析：for some reason表示表示“为某种理由，为某种理由，出于某种原因出于某种原因”。course意为意为“进程，经过，进程，经过，过程，趋势过程，趋势”。example意为意为“例证，实例；例证，实例；标本，样本标本，样本”，for example表示表示“例如例如”，常用逗号将其与句子分开。常用逗号将其与句子分开。vacation意为意为“假假期期”，短文中没有提到校长度假的事。所以，短文

22、中没有提到校长度假的事。所以答案为：答案为：17.A.reason B.course C.example D.vacationA2021/8/11 星期三23解析：解析：look意为意为“看看”，表示看的动作；，表示看的动作；see意为意为“看到，看见看到，看见”，强调看到的结果。本，强调看到的结果。本句中句中looked是谓语动词，后面是谓语动词，后面 to是不定式的是不定式的符号，此处不定式表示目的，表示在校长不符号，此处不定式表示目的，表示在校长不在期间，我想在期间，我想看到看到他的办公桌上有什么。他的办公桌上有什么。find意为意为“找到找到”。observe意为意为“观察（到）观察（

23、到）；注视；注视”。catch意为意为“抓住；接住；赶上抓住；接住；赶上”。所以答案为：。所以答案为：18.A.find B.observe C.catch D.seeD2021/8/11 星期三24解析：根据上文所提供的情景解析：根据上文所提供的情景in his absence I looked to see what was on his desk.可判断可判断出在他的办公桌的中间有一张字条。出在他的办公桌的中间有一张字条。in the middle表示表示“在他的办公桌的中间在他的办公桌的中间”。drawer意为意为“抽屉抽屉”。corner意为意为“角落角落”。box意为意为“盒子，箱

24、子盒子，箱子”。所以答案为：。所以答案为：19.A.drawer B.corner C.middle D.boxC2021/8/11 星期三25解析：根据所提供的情景解析：根据所提供的情景English Writing Prize 1949:History Is a Series of Biographies可判断出在字条上写的话语。所以答案为：可判断出在字条上写的话语。所以答案为：20.A.names B.words C.ideas D.messagesB2021/8/11 星期三26解析：解析：honest意为意为“诚实的；正直的，耿直诚实的；正直的，耿直的；坦率的，坦白的，正派的，公正的

25、的；坦率的，坦白的，正派的，公正的”。指言行一致、表里如一，忠诚可靠，强调真指言行一致、表里如一，忠诚可靠，强调真实性。实性。handsome意为意为“(一般指男子外貌一般指男子外貌)漂漂亮的，清秀的，俊美的亮的，清秀的，俊美的”。friendly意为意为“友友好的好的”。active意为意为“活跃的活跃的”。根据下文。根据下文中的中的exam可判断出字条上写的内容是考试的可判断出字条上写的内容是考试的题目，作为诚实的学生，不应该提前看这张题目，作为诚实的学生，不应该提前看这张字条。所以答案为：字条。所以答案为：21.A.honest B.handsome C.friendly D.activ

26、eA2021/8/11 星期三27解析：此处应该指上文提到的写着考试题目解析：此处应该指上文提到的写着考试题目的字条。所以答案为：的字条。所以答案为：22.A.desk B.paper C.book D.drawerB23.A.question B.key C.note D.secret解析：英语写作大奖赛的题目应该在开始解析：英语写作大奖赛的题目应该在开始考试前一直处于保密状态。所以答案为：考试前一直处于保密状态。所以答案为：D2021/8/11 星期三28解析：根据上文所提供的情景解析：根据上文所提供的情景 I did not.（没有（没有避免看这个题目。）可判断出作者禁不住读了避免看这个

27、题目。）可判断出作者禁不住读了这个题目。所以答案为：这个题目。所以答案为：24.A.help B.consider C.practise D.forgetA25.A.disappeared B.stayed C.returned D.went解析：此处是要表示当校长回来时，作者正解析：此处是要表示当校长回来时，作者正看着窗外。所以答案为：看着窗外。所以答案为：C2021/8/11 星期三29解析：作者本来应该发生了什么事告诉校长，解析：作者本来应该发生了什么事告诉校长，但没有告诉。所以答案为：但没有告诉。所以答案为：26.A.existed B.remained C.happened D.co

28、ntinuedC27.A.tiring B.easy C.important D.difficult解析：解析：tiring意为意为“令人疲劳的令人疲劳的”；easy意为意为“容易容易”；important意为意为“重要的重要的”；difficult意为意为“困难的困难的”。因为说出自己因看。因为说出自己因看了大奖赛的题目而非常抱歉是一件容易的事，了大奖赛的题目而非常抱歉是一件容易的事，所以答案为：所以答案为：B2021/8/11 星期三30解析：作者是解析：作者是看见了看见了校长办公桌上大奖赛的校长办公桌上大奖赛的题目。所以答案为：题目。所以答案为：28.A.saw B.gave C.set

29、 D.madeA29.A.repeat B.defend C.correct D.change解析：因为作者提前看了英语写作大奖赛的解析：因为作者提前看了英语写作大奖赛的题目，所以他认为校长应该换这个题目。所题目，所以他认为校长应该换这个题目。所以答案为：以答案为：D2021/8/11 星期三31解析：因为作者当时没有把自己看了大奖赛解析：因为作者当时没有把自己看了大奖赛的题目这件事告诉校长，失去了这个机会。的题目这件事告诉校长，失去了这个机会。take the chance“把握住机会把握住机会”。所以答案为：。所以答案为：30.A.take B.have C.lose D.findA202

30、1/8/11 星期三32解析：解析：remember to so sth意为意为“记着去做某事记着去做某事”；learn to do sth意为意为“学会做某事学会做某事”；mean to so sth意为意为“打算做某事打算做某事”；pretend to do sth意为意为“假装做某事假装做某事”。此处应表示作。此处应表示作者并没有打算作弊，所以答案为：者并没有打算作弊，所以答案为：31.A.remember B.learn C.mean D.pretendC2021/8/11 星期三33解析：这件事发生在解析：这件事发生在38年前，当作者年前，当作者15岁时。岁时。ago意为意为“以前，

31、前以前，前”，before意为意为“在在之前之前”。所以答案为：所以答案为：32.A.past B.ago C.then D.beforeB33.A.either B.never C.nor D.so解析：作者既没有把这件事告诉任何人，也没解析：作者既没有把这件事告诉任何人，也没有试图向自己解释为什么当时没有把这件事告有试图向自己解释为什么当时没有把这件事告诉校长。上文中有诉校长。上文中有neither，所以答案为：，所以答案为：C2021/8/11 星期三34解析：作者是没有得到允许就看了放在办公桌解析：作者是没有得到允许就看了放在办公桌上的东西。所以答案为：上的东西。所以答案为：34.A.

32、by B.besides C.through D.withoutD35.A.But B.Though C.Otherwise D.Therefore解析：此处前后两句之间是转折对比关系所解析：此处前后两句之间是转折对比关系所以答案为：以答案为：A2021/8/11 星期三35三、阅读理解三、阅读理解 Five years ago,David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“I was a clothes addict,”he jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me s

33、o I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.”Today David wears casual clothes khaki pants and sports shirt to the office.He hardly ever wears a necktie.“Im working harder than ever,”David says,“and I need to feel comfortable.”36.大卫自嘲以前是服装爱好者，衣服一起皱，他大卫自嘲以前是服装爱好者，衣服一起皱，他就得换上备穿的服装。就得换上备穿的服装。_372021/8/1

34、1 星期三36 More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States.The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual.In the early 1990s,many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This beca

35、me known as“dress-down Friday”or“casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.”said business consultant Maisly Jones._392021/8/11 星期三37 Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes?One reas

36、on is that its easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.“A lot of young people dont want to dress up for work,”says the owner of a software company,“so its hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.”2021/8/11 星期三38Another reason is that people seem

37、happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes.In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company,85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale.Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity._3

38、82021/8/11 星期三39Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money.“Suits are expensive,if you have to wear one every day,”one person said.“For the same amount of money,you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”2021/8/11 星期三4036.David Smith refers to himself as h

39、aving been“a clothes addict,”because he _.A.often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt B.couldnt stand a clean appearance C.wanted his clothes to look neat all the time D.didnt want to spend much money on clothes2021/8/11 星期三4137.David Smith wears casual clothes now,because _.A.they make him feel at

40、ease when working B.he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes C.he looks handsome in casual clothes D.he no longer works for any company2021/8/11 星期三4238.The following statements are true EXCEPT that _.A.many employees dont like a conservative dress code.B.comfortable clothes make employees more pro

41、ductive.C.a casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees.D.all the employers in the US are for casual office wear.2021/8/11 星期三4339.According to this passage,we can know _.A.company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.B.dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the ea

42、rly 1990s.C.“dress-down Friday”was first given as a favor from employers.D.many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.2021/8/11 星期三4440.In this passage,the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _.A.saving employees money B.making employees mor

43、e attractive C.improving employees motivation D.making employees happier2021/8/11 星期三45四、书面表达四、书面表达 假假设设你是李你是李华华，曾在美国学，曾在美国学习习半年，半年，现现已已回国。你想回国。你想联联系你的美国老系你的美国老师师Mr.Smith，但，但没有其没有其联联系方式。系方式。请请根据以下要点根据以下要点给给你的美你的美国同学国同学Tom 写一封信：写一封信：1.感感谢谢Tom对对你英你英语语学学习习的帮助；的帮助；2.询问询问Mr,smith 的近况并索要其的近况并索要其联联系方式；系方式；

44、3.邀邀请请Tom在春在春节节期期间间来中国感受中国文化。来中国感受中国文化。注意：注意：1.词词数数150左右；左右；2.可适当增加可适当增加细节细节。2021/8/11 星期三46Dear Tom,I am now back in China._ With my best regards!Yours cordially,Li Hua2021/8/11 星期三47Dear Tom,I am now back China and sound.I really appreciate your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in

45、 New York.Whats more,your generous help and tender care made my first American trip an unforgettable memory.I have been missing our English professor,Mr.Smith,whose unusual cast of mind and wide knowledge has left a strong influence on me.What about him recently?I desire to contact him for some sugg

46、estions on improving my listening ability.However,his email address is not available.So would you mind delivering it to me via the online mailbox?2021/8/11 星期三48 I am more than delighted to invite you to join us to celebrate the Spring Festival Chinese Lunar New Year so that I can repay your friends

47、hip.You can partner with me to have a try in lion dances,which is extremely exciting.And the grand lantern festival parade will surely impress you.Im sure you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home.With my best regards!Yours cordially,Li Hua2021/8/11 星期三49Thank you!2021/8/11 星期三502021/8/11 星期三51