高考英语书面表达备考策略 人教.ppt

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1、2006年高考英年高考英语书面表达面表达备考策略考策略2021/8/11星期三1命题原则命题原则贴近生活，易于表达，所叙及的贴近生活，易于表达，所叙及的内容很可能发生过、正在发生或很快内容很可能发生过、正在发生或很快能发生。能发生。2021/8/11星期三2“考试大纲考试大纲”对写作的要求明确规定对写作的要求明确规定要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：（1）准确使用语法和词汇；）准确使用语法和词汇；（2）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。地表达自己的意思。2021/8/11星期三3新课程标准要求新课程

2、标准要求根据教育部新课程标准提出的对中根据教育部新课程标准提出的对中学生写作能力的要求，高中毕业生学生写作能力的要求，高中毕业生应该应该“能根据所读文章进行转述或能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；能根据用文字及图表提供写摘要；能根据用文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告；能写出语意的信息写短文或报告；能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；能在写作中做或表达观点和态度；能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。到文体规范、语句通顺。”2021/8/11星期三4历年高考书面表达历年高考书面表达年份年份文体文体作文内容作文内容分值分值1990地点地点介绍介绍为来访

3、外宾用英语介绍张各庄，为来访外宾用英语介绍张各庄，字数字数80-120。151991人物人物介绍介绍为一份英语抱撰稿，介绍体育明为一份英语抱撰稿，介绍体育明星孙淑伟，字数星孙淑伟，字数80-120。151992日记日记根据六幅图的提示写一篇日记，根据六幅图的提示写一篇日记，字数字数100左右。左右。151993专栏专栏故事故事根据六幅图画的提示为某英语杂根据六幅图画的提示为某英语杂志写一篇有关动物的故事，字数志写一篇有关动物的故事，字数100左右。左右。152021/8/11星期三51994广播广播通知通知用英语写一个广播通知，为来访的美国用英语写一个广播通知，为来访的美国朋友举行一个晚会，字

4、数朋友举行一个晚会，字数100左右。左右。251995书信书信根据一幅画的提示，告诉中外朋友如何根据一幅画的提示，告诉中外朋友如何去约定的地点野餐，字数去约定的地点野餐，字数80-100。251996个人个人简历简历用英语写一份去外资企业的求职信，字用英语写一份去外资企业的求职信，字数数100左右。左右。301997专栏专栏故事故事根据六幅画的提示，给某中学英语报的根据六幅画的提示，给某中学英语报的故事专栏写一篇短文，字数故事专栏写一篇短文，字数100左右。左右。301998日记日记根据六幅画的提示，写一篇参观农场的根据六幅画的提示，写一篇参观农场的英语日记，字数英语日记，字数100左右。左右

5、。301999书信书信根据两幅图的提示，给美国朋友写回信，根据两幅图的提示，给美国朋友写回信，介绍学校的变化，介绍学校的变化，100字左右。字左右。302021/8/11星期三62000春春书面书面通知通知以学生会的名义，发一份组织音乐周活动的以学生会的名义，发一份组织音乐周活动的书面报告，书面报告，100字左右。字左右。302000书面书面报告报告根据四幅画的提示，用英语写出一起交通事根据四幅画的提示，用英语写出一起交通事故的报告，故的报告，100字左右。字左右。302001春春书信书信写信给一个美国朋友，邀请他为本校美国电写信给一个美国朋友，邀请他为本校美国电影节做一次讲座，影节做一次讲座

6、，100字左右。字左右。252001书信书信根据提示，给澳洲朋友写回信，谈谈减负以根据提示，给澳洲朋友写回信，谈谈减负以后给自己学习和生活带来的变化，后给自己学习和生活带来的变化，100字左右。字左右。252002春春书信书信根据四幅图画的提示，给美国朋友写一封回根据四幅图画的提示，给美国朋友写一封回信，介绍自己是如何庆祝申奥成功，并邀请信，介绍自己是如何庆祝申奥成功，并邀请对方在对方在2008年来中国，字数年来中国，字数100左右。左右。252021/8/11星期三72003日记日记 根据六幅图画，写一篇迎学雷锋根据六幅图画，写一篇迎学雷锋迎迎“奥运奥运”活动的日记。活动的日记。252004

7、书信书信 根据提示介绍两本汉语词典的不根据提示介绍两本汉语词典的不同特点、收藏量和价格同特点、收藏量和价格252005 生日生日方式方式介绍介绍介绍中国学生过生日的方式。生介绍中国学生过生日的方式。生日聚会，生日礼物，生日祝福以日聚会，生日礼物，生日祝福以及更有意义的庆祝方式和理由。及更有意义的庆祝方式和理由。字数字数100-120。302021/8/11星期三8趋势趋势基本保持稳定基本保持稳定开放、半开放作文开放、半开放作文所给材料注重真实性，尊重考生的所给材料注重真实性，尊重考生的认知程度，以有利于考生充分表达。认知程度，以有利于考生充分表达。兼顾城乡考生语言背景的共性，让兼顾城乡考生语言

8、背景的共性，让所有的考生都有话可写。所有的考生都有话可写。2021/8/11星期三9书面表达答题步骤书面表达答题步骤审题定位审题定位罗列要点罗列要点选择词汇选择词汇连词成句连词成句连句成篇连句成篇2021/8/11星期三10假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京电视台今年假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京电视台今年七月将举办外国人七月将举办外国人“学中文，唱中文歌学中文，唱中文歌”才艺才艺大赛。你的美国朋友大赛。你的美国朋友Peter正在北京一所大学正在北京一所大学学中文，你觉得他应去试一试。请按以下要点学中文，你觉得他应去试一试。请按以下要点给他写信告知此事，并表示可以提供帮助。给他写信告知此事，并表示

9、可以提供帮助。比赛时间：比赛时间：7月月18日日报名时间：截止到报名时间：截止到6月月30日日报名地点：北京电视台报名地点：北京电视台注意：注意：1、词数：、词数：100词左右词左右 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 3、参考词汇：才艺大赛（、参考词汇：才艺大赛（talent show）2021/8/11星期三11通过审题可以确定写作要点如下：通过审题可以确定写作要点如下：体裁体裁应作文应作文格式格式书信书信词数词数100词左右词左右内容要点：内容要点：1、才艺大赛的内容和对象；、才艺大赛的内容和对象；2、比赛时间；、比赛时间；3、报名时间和地点；、报名时间和地点

10、；4、建议参加并表示可提供帮助。、建议参加并表示可提供帮助。返回返回2021/8/11星期三12学生常见错误学生常见错误一、审题一、审题1要点不齐根据题目要求，考生必须涉及到以下的内容要点：1)中国学生通常过生日的方式，如生日聚会、生日礼物、生日祝福等；2)我认为有意义的庆祝方式以及这样做的目的或理由。2021/8/11星期三13Chinese BirthdayFirst let me show you something about the Chinese Birthday.Usually it includes three parts:party,gift and good rewards

11、.On the birthday,we often wear our favorite clothes,which make us very happy.We also will organize a birthday party in the evening.At the party,well prepare a lots of delicious foods,especially the birthday cake.Then we will eat the cake.We sing and dance together.At last,well take the gift to the p

12、erson who born on that day.In the gift there will be a card,on which including our best wishes.2021/8/11星期三142.离题。离题。例如：例如：In my opinion,holding birthday party is a waste of money.For one thingon the other hand.All in all,it is not right to spend more money on birthday.2021/8/11星期三153.缺乏段落意识缺乏段落意识(1

13、)段落缺乏统一性。段落缺乏统一性。(2)段落缺乏连接手段。段落缺乏连接手段。2021/8/11星期三16二、句法错误二、句法错误1.残缺句：残缺句：错误：错误：Many people prefer to hold birthday party.Because their friends will come to the party and share happiness with them.(应该去掉应该去掉party后的句号，后的句号，Because 改为改为because)错误:At last,well take the gift to the person who born on tha

14、t day.正确:At last,well take the gift to the person who was born on that day.错误:In the gift there will be a card,on which including our best wishes.正确:In the gift there will be a card,on which our best wishes are included.2021/8/11星期三172.连缀句。连缀句。就句法而言，这一错误是很多学生最常犯的就句法而言，这一错误是很多学生最常犯的错误。错误。例如我们可以看到学生这样

15、写到：例如我们可以看到学生这样写到：“操场上操场上有六个男生在踢球。有六个男生在踢球。”错误：错误：On the playground there are six boys play football.正确：正确：On the playground six boys are playing football.Or：On the playground there are six boys playing football.2021/8/11星期三18三、词法错误三、词法错误1.词性混淆词性混淆例如：例如：错误：错误：It is interest to receive many gifts fro

16、m friends.正确：正确：It is interesting to receive many gifts from friends.类似的错误还有：类似的错误还有：错误：错误：We should congratulation birthday with my parents.正确：正确：We should congratulate birthday with my parents.(事实上庆祝应事实上庆祝应该用该用“celebrate”)2021/8/11星期三192.搭配不当搭配不当错误：错误：It is a tradition to celebrate birthday to fam

17、ily members.正确：正确：It is a tradition to celebrate birthday with family members.错误：Its great to hear of you.正确：Its great to hear from you.另外，搭配不当的错误还有：另外，搭配不当的错误还有：“have a party”写成写成了了“take a party”,“send regards to sb”写成了写成了“sent up regards to sb”,“celebrate birthday”别写成别写成“congratulation birthday”,“

18、In China”有同有同学写成学写成“in the China”,“as usual”则被写成了则被写成了“as usually”等等。等等。2021/8/11星期三203.用词不当用词不当错误：At fact,the birthday we should thank our parents.正确：In fact,on the birthday we should thank our parents.错误：Parents usually take much money on my birthday.正确：Parents usually spend much money on my birth

19、day.错误：On birthday,you will have a lot of friends went to you home.正确：On birthday,you will have a lot of friends go to your home.错误：Our Chinese students in China have our own way to celebrate birthday as well.正确：Our Chinese students have our own way to celebrate birthday as well.2021/8/11星期三214.不一致不

20、一致错误：错误：You asked me to introduce the way of celebrating birthday in China,we have birthday at home;they like inviting friends to the birthday party.正确：正确：You asked me to introduce the way of celebrating birthday in China,we have birthday at home;we like inviting friends to the birthday party.错误：错误：

21、On birthday,we was often given birthday presents.正确：正确：On birthday,we are often given birthday presents.错误：错误：A person who has his birthday enjoyed himself that day.正确：正确：A person who has his birthday enjoys himself that day.2021/8/11星期三225.单词拼写错误单词拼写错误最常见的错误就是单词拼写错误，最常见的错误就是单词拼写错误，归纳下来不下十余种。常见的错误有：

22、归纳下来不下十余种。常见的错误有：“invite”写成写成“invent”;“means”写写成成“meens”;“birthday“被写成被写成“birathday”or“bisthday”;“party”写成了写成了“petty”;“example”写成了写成了”ample”;“presents”写成了写成了“peasants”;“born”写成了写成了“burn”;“flower”写成了写成了“flawer”；“parents”写成了写成了”peasants”等等。等等。2021/8/11星期三23四、中国式英语四、中国式英语例如：例如：“egg cake”表示蛋糕；表示蛋糕；“smal

23、l air”表示表示小气；小气；“presents lighter,valuable”表表示礼轻情义重；示礼轻情义重；“mother born us”表示表示母亲养育了我们母亲养育了我们2021/8/11星期三24书面表达高分策略书面表达高分策略细读提示细读提示写全要点写全要点卷面干净卷面干净书写认真书写认真层次分明层次分明承上启下承上启下亮点突出亮点突出首尾呼应首尾呼应2021/8/11星期三25返回返回2021/8/11星期三26 2004年福建卷年福建卷假设你是王晓明，请根据你校美化校园的规划，假设你是王晓明，请根据你校美化校园的规划，用英语给你在美国的笔友用英语给你在美国的笔友Pete

24、r写一封短信，介绍写一封短信，介绍该规划。短信的主要内容如下：该规划。短信的主要内容如下：参考词汇：雕塑（参考词汇：雕塑（statue）植物园（植物园（botanical garden）规划目的规划目的美化校园、净化空气美化校园、净化空气创造良好学习和生活环境创造良好学习和生活环境规划内容规划内容种植花草树木种植花草树木建一个植物园，供参观、实践建一个植物园，供参观、实践建一个小花园，供休息、读书建一个小花园，供休息、读书建几座名人雕塑，激励师生建几座名人雕塑，激励师生2021/8/11星期三27Dear Peter,Id like to tell you that our school ha

25、s worked out a new program.The purposes of the program are to make our school more beautiful,to make the air cleaner and fresher and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.According to the program,we will plant different kinds of trees,flowers and grass in and around our

26、school.A botanical garden will be built for us to visit and practice in.Besides,we are to build a small garden in which we can do some reading and take a rest.Whats more,some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder.Dont you think it a wonderful program?Welcome to our s

27、chool if you have any chance.Yours,Wang Xiaoming2021/8/11星期三28训练学生书面表达训练学生书面表达1.背诵篇章（地道优美）3.模仿造句4.命题写作5.自由发挥2.巩固词汇写作训练应从高一就开始，分步进行，步写作训练应从高一就开始，分步进行，步步为营，保质保量，不临阵磨枪，不拔苗步为营，保质保量，不临阵磨枪，不拔苗助长，不三天打鱼两天晒网。助长，不三天打鱼两天晒网。2021/8/11星期三29几种体裁的写作要点：几种体裁的写作要点：1.1.说明文、议论文说明文、议论文：1)1)文章结构多采用文章结构多采用“主题主体主题主体 结语结语”的形

28、式。的形式。2)2)基本时态是一般现在时。基本时态是一般现在时。3)3)为强调客观性，语言表述多用为强调客观性，语言表述多用 客观性动词，如客观性动词，如seemseem，there there bebe，maybemaybe等，多用被动语态。等，多用被动语态。4)4)多用书面语、长句、复合句。多用书面语、长句、复合句。2021/8/11星期三30在市场经济唱主角的今天，竞争与合作是否可以并存？它们之间又是怎样的关系？请以Competition and Cooperation为题写一篇约100字左右的短文。合作合作共享信息。自然资源和人力资源。共享信息。自然资源和人力资源。没有合作，世界大不一

29、样。没有合作，世界大不一样。竞争竞争向对手学习，获得勇气和自信。没向对手学习，获得勇气和自信。没有竞争，就没有发展。有竞争，就没有发展。竞争与合作不可分割。竞争与合作不可分割。2021/8/11星期三31In todays society,competition and cooperation are equally important.The cooperator can share not only the information but also the natural resources and man resources,which can help us make great pr

30、ogress.If there were no cooperation,the world would be great different from it is now.On the other hand,competition is as important as petition offers us a good chance to learn from each other,making us get more courage and confidence.There would be no development without any competition.Above all,c

31、ompetition and cooperation can not be divided into two parts.2021/8/11星期三322.2.描述文描述文：1 1)合理安排描写的角度和次序。合理安排描写的角度和次序。2)2)对人物、事物、心理和景色的描写对人物、事物、心理和景色的描写要突出重点，应抓住最富于感染力、要突出重点，应抓住最富于感染力、最重要的情节和特征来写。最重要的情节和特征来写。3)3)应充分运用自己灵活多变的遣词造应充分运用自己灵活多变的遣词造句的能力和应用恰当的词汇来体现句的能力和应用恰当的词汇来体现人的感官印象，让客观事物在自己人的感官印象，让客观事物在自己

32、的笔下描绘得更加生动逼真。的笔下描绘得更加生动逼真。2021/8/11星期三33场景描写：火灾场景描写：火灾 It was a windy morning.I was on the rooftop of my house,doing my daily exercises when I saw a mass of dense smoke rise from below.Five minutes later,came the shrill sirens of fire engines,ambulances and police cars.I knew right away a fire had b

33、roken out in the nearby squatter huts.I looked down and saw the squatter settlement was buried in smoke,and a big red ball of fire was dancing like the devil on the roofs of the shabby wood huts.The residents were running here and there and there were women and children screaming and crying.They wer

34、e too frightened to do anything to save their property.2021/8/11星期三343.3.记叙文记叙文：1)1)按照一定顺序（多是自然的时按照一定顺序（多是自然的时间顺序）。间顺序）。2)2)详略得当，主次分明。详略得当，主次分明。3)3)人称多用第一和第三人称，时人称多用第一和第三人称，时态多用过去时和现在时。注意态多用过去时和现在时。注意前后文人称与时态的统一与合前后文人称与时态的统一与合理适当的变化。理适当的变化。2021/8/11星期三35 The old house in my memory was really very ol

35、d.Surrounded by tall buildings,the house,which was low and small,was like a candle flickering in the wind.I lived with my grandma in the house as early as I began to remember things.Those were wonderful days to me.I often played with my little companions in it.We ran about and sang happily,and fille

36、d the rooms with our laughter.The old house was just like a paradise in my childhood.Then I went to school and began to live with my parents,so I had to say goodbye to the old house.Every time I went to see my grandma,the old house was still what it had been.But the cracks in the ceiling told me it

37、was becoming older and older.Now,in the rumble of a bulldozer,the old house is being pulled down.Soon,there will be new buildings standing in its place.2021/8/11星期三364.4.看图作文看图作文：1)1)仔细审图，确定主题。仔细审图，确定主题。2)2)把握要点，扩充细节。把握要点，扩充细节。3)3)合理过渡，连接成文。合理过渡，连接成文。4)4)仔细检查，反复修改。仔细检查，反复修改。2021/8/11星期三37下面的图表对A、B、C

38、三个城市的就业机会、气候、安全和娱乐四个方面进行了对比，假如你是一名软件工程师，请选择其中的一个城市居住，并用英语写一篇短文说明原因。246810City ACity CCity BEmployment OpportunityClimateSafetyEntertainment2021/8/11星期三38 I prefer to live in City A.I have mademy decision based on the following reasons.First,City A is the safest of the three.As violence and crimes ar

39、e on the rise all across the world,it is only wise to choose a place where you and your family will be safe.Second,the job opportunities,though not the best,are still quite good.Considering the fact that I am a software engineer,it is the least of my worries whether I can find a job or not.Third,ent

40、ertainment in City A is not bad.As a matter of fact,I am not crazy about entertainment.Finally,though the climate is the worst of the three,it is not a major concern because we stay indoors most of the time and you will find all the rooms air-conditioned.2021/8/11星期三395.5.应用文应用文：1)1)针对各种不同的应用文应使用与之针

41、对各种不同的应用文应使用与之相对应的格式。相对应的格式。2)2)注意结构完整，条理清晰。注意结构完整，条理清晰。3)3)强调文字通顺，语言平实，事清理强调文字通顺，语言平实，事清理明。明。4)4)正确应用惯用语和各种文体的客套正确应用惯用语和各种文体的客套语。语。2021/8/11星期三40假定你们班由同学们捐赠建起了一个小图书假定你们班由同学们捐赠建起了一个小图书馆，为了更好地利用它，让它有助于同学们学习馆，为了更好地利用它，让它有助于同学们学习英语和其它各个学科，你作为班长，向全班宣布英语和其它各个学科，你作为班长，向全班宣布从明天开始可以借书，另外，你作了以下规定：从明天开始可以借书，另

42、外，你作了以下规定：1.每次只能借一本；每次只能借一本；2.每本只能借一周，要及时归还；每本只能借一周，要及时归还；3.要爱惜书，不得转借他人。要爱惜书，不得转借他人。最后，你希望同学们遵守以上规定。最后，你希望同学们遵守以上规定。请按以上要点内容写一篇请按以上要点内容写一篇90个词左右的个词左右的发言稿。开头语已经写出（不计词数）。发言稿。开头语已经写出（不计词数）。2021/8/11星期三41Boys and girls,attention,please!Boys and girls,attention,please!The little library in our class is T

43、he little library in our class is now open.I hope these books offered now open.I hope these books offered by us all will help us to improve our by us all will help us to improve our English and will be helpful for all English and will be helpful for all other subjects.Everyone can borrow other subje

44、cts.Everyone can borrow books from tomorrow on.In order to books from tomorrow on.In order to make better use of them,you are asked make better use of them,you are asked to pay attention to the rules as to pay attention to the rules as followsfollows：1.Borrow one book at a time.1.Borrow one book at

45、a time.2.Keep the book for only one week 2.Keep the book for only one week and return it in time.and return it in time.3.Take good care of the books and 3.Take good care of the books and dont lend them to other students.dont lend them to other students.I hope you will follow these rules.I hope you w

46、ill follow these rules.Thank you.Thank you.2021/8/11星期三426.开放式作文开放式作文1）认真分析材料所提供的背景。）认真分析材料所提供的背景。2）落实已知信息与所求信息）落实已知信息与所求信息3）确定材料中的开放之处，在什）确定材料中的开放之处，在什么地方可以放开来写。么地方可以放开来写。2021/8/11星期三43 2004年高考英语书面表达题：年高考英语书面表达题：假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京电视台今年七假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京电视台今年七月将举办外国人月将举办外国人“学中文，唱中文歌学中文，唱中文歌”才艺大才艺大赛。你的美国朋

47、友赛。你的美国朋友Peter正在北京一所大学学正在北京一所大学学中文，你觉得他应去试一试。请按以下要点给中文，你觉得他应去试一试。请按以下要点给他写信告知此事，并表示可以提供帮助。他写信告知此事，并表示可以提供帮助。*比赛时间：比赛时间：7月月18日日*报名时间：截止到报名时间：截止到6月月30日日*报名地点：北京电视台报名地点：北京电视台注意：注意：1词数：词数：100词左右。词左右。2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3参考词汇：才艺大赛参考词汇：才艺大赛talent show 2021/8/11星期三44Dear Peter,I read in a newspa

48、per today that a“Learn Chinese,Sing Chinese Songs”Foreigners talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.I know you like singing,and you are in Beijing during that period.I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent,and how well youve learned Chinese.If you

49、 would like to try,youll have to go to the TV station to sign up before the end of June.If there is anything I can do for you,I would be more than glad to help.Yours,Li Hua2021/8/11星期三45 2005年北京春季试题年北京春季试题根据下面的英文提示写一篇短文，词数不少于根据下面的英文提示写一篇短文，词数不少于50。Traffic jams are a very serious problem in Beijing.T

50、he streets are full of cars,buses and bikes almost every day.To make matters worse,some people do not follow the traffic rules.Suppose you are discussing this problem in your English class.Please make two or three suggestions on how to improve the traffic in Beijing.2021/8/11星期三46 To improve the tra