Charles Dickens.ppt

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1、Copyright Kitty 2012Charles Dickens(18121870)Representative of English Representative of English Critical RealismCritical RealismCopyright Kitty 2012contentEnglish critical realismDickens LifeMajor WorksAnalysis of Some Major NovelsCharacteristics of Dickens NovelsLiterary AchievementCopyright Kitty

2、 2012Cultural noteEnglish Critical realism(1830s-1900)The historical backgroundThe parliamentary reform in 1832The chartist movement in 1836Communist Manifesto by Marx and Engles(1848)The publication of Darwins Origin of Species(1859)Copyright Kitty 2012English critical realismTime span:in the 40s a

3、nd in the early 50s of 19th century.Main literary genre:The perfection of the novelIt found its expression in the form of novel.The critical realists,most of whom were novelists.Feature:1.criticize the capitalist system from a democratic view.2.show profound sympathy for the common peopleCopyright K

4、itty 2012Representative writersCharles Dickens狄更斯 William Makepeace Thackeray萨克雷 George Eliot乔治艾略特Copyright Kitty 2012His LifePortsmouth,Hampshire fatherextravagantprison for debt blacking factory(鞋油作坊).unhappiest timeCopyright Kitty 2012His Life restarted schooling a lawyers office 15shorthand the

5、British Museum Library parliamentary reporter writing career in 1833Copyright Kitty 2012His Lifein 1836 Sketches by Boz特写集特写集 married humorous stories first rank without rest apoplexy/ppleksi/中风，脑溢血中风，脑溢血 Poets Corner at Westminster Abbey Pickwick Papers匹克威克外传匹克威克外传 Copyright Kitty 2012 Major Works

6、18361841,youthful optimismThis naive optimism is characteristic of the petty-bourgeois humanitarians of his time.1)Sketches by Boz 特写集特写集,the first book 2)The Pickwick Papers 匹克威克外传匹克威克外传Copyright Kitty 2012Pickwick PapersThe story evolves round the adventures of Mr.Pickwick,a retired merchantThe no

7、vel is full of nave,youthful optimism.It is a comprehensive picture of early 19th-century England,affording a whole gallery of vivid portraits of the people of all strata.“the supreme epic of English life”Copyright Kitty 2012Major Works 3.Oliver Twist 奥克佛奥克佛特维斯特特维斯特，雾都孤儿雾都孤儿 4.Nichols Nickleby 尼古拉斯尼

8、古拉斯尼克尔贝尼克尔贝5.The Old Curiosity Shop 老古玩店老古玩店6.Barnaby Rudge 巴纳比巴纳比拉奇拉奇The first novel of social historyCopyright Kitty 2012Plot of Oliver Twist Olivers birth:of unknown parentageMaltreated by Bumble,the parish beadle(仪仗官)In London,he falls into the hands of a gang of thieves (Fagin,Nancy)Rescued by

9、Mr.BrownlowKidnapped Wounded in a burgling expedition,rescued by Mrs.Maylie and RoseAdopted by Mr.Brownlow.A happy ending.Copyright Kitty 2012Characteristics of the novelThe novel exposes the inhumanity of city life under capitalism.It shows the extreme brutality and corruption of the oppressors and

10、 the helpless sufferings of the poor The happy ending comes as a result of Dickenss optimistic belief in the inevitable triumph of good over evil.Copyright Kitty 2012Major Works The second period of excitement and irritation exposing the corrupting influence of wealth and power,optimism turned into

11、dissatisfaction and irritation1)American Notes 美国札记美国札记 2)Martin Chuzzlewit 马丁马丁朱述尔维特朱述尔维特Copyright Kitty 2012A Christmas Carol圣诞颂歌圣诞颂歌The Chimes教堂钟声教堂钟声The Cricket on the Hearth灶上蟋蟀灶上蟋蟀(圣诞颂歌，教堂钟声和灶上蟋蟀以圣诞为题材具有浓郁宗教色彩。)Copyright Kitty 2012Major Works 3)Dombey and Son 董贝父子董贝父子4)David Copperfield 大卫大卫科波

12、菲尔科波菲尔his best bookCopyright Kitty 2012Major WorksThe third period of intensifying pessimism.showing underlying tone of bitterness,loss of hope for English bourgeois society1)Bleak House 荒凉山庄荒凉山庄2)Hard Times 艰难时世艰难时世3)Little Dorrit 小杜丽小杜丽4)A Tale of Two Cities 双城记双城记 Copyright Kitty 2012Major Works5

13、)Great Expectations 远大前程远大前程;6)Our Mutual Friend 我们的共同朋友我们的共同朋友,the worse book;7)Edwin Drood(unfinished)艾德温艾德温德鲁德之迷德鲁德之迷.Copyright Kitty 2012It was the best of times,it was the worst of times,it was the age of wisdom,it was the age of foolishness,it was the epoch of belief,it was the epoch of incred

14、ulity,it was the season of Light,it was the season of Darkness,it was the spring of hope,it was the winter of despair,we had everything before us,we had nothing before us Copyright Kitty 2012CharactersDr.Manette Lucy Manette Marquis St.Evremonde Mr.and Mrs.Defarge Charles Darnay Sydney Carton Persec

15、utedshamed,discard the titleadmirerloverrevolutionistexecutedCopyright Kitty 2012ThemesThe Necessity of Sacrifice See cartonThe Tendency Toward Violence and Oppression in RevolutionariesFor in fighting cruelty with cruelty,the peasants effect no true revolution;rather,they only perpetuate the violen

16、ce that they themselves have suffered.Copyright Kitty 2012Features of his worka.character sketches and exaggerationb.broad humour and penetrating plicated and fascinating plotd.the power of exposureCopyright Kitty 20121)Character Sketches&ExaggerationDickens was skillful in drawing vivid sketches by

17、 exaggerating some peculiarities,&in giving them exactly the actions&words that fit them:that is,right words&right actions for the right person.Copyright Kitty 2012(2)Broad Humor&Penetrating Satire Dickens sometimes employs humor to enliven a scene or lighten a character by making it(him or her)ecce

18、ntric or laughable.Sometimes he uses satire to ridicule human follies or vicesCopyright Kitty 2012(3)Complicated&Fascinating PlotDickens seems to love complicated novel constructions with minor plots beside the major one,or two parallel major plots within one novel.He is also skillful at creating su

19、spense&mystery to make the story fascinating.Copyright Kitty 2012(4)The Power of ExposureAs the greatest representative of English critical realism,Dickens made his novel the instrument of morality&justice.Each of his novels reveals a specific social problem.Copyright Kitty 2012His strength He has a

20、n encyclopedic knowledge of London.He shows great talent in character creation.Copyright Kitty 2012His weaknesses 1.bourgeois morality 2.sentimentalism both of his strength and weakness lie in his feelings:he had sympathy for the poor,embraced life with his true heart;But excessive indulgence in fee

21、lings mars his vision.Copyright Kitty 2012exercisesIn the 19th century English literature,what is the new literary trend?The _Movement appeared in the thirties of the 19th century.A.EnlightmentB.RenaissanceC.ChartistD.romanticist Copyright Kitty 2012exercisesThe story of_ deals with the adventures o

22、f a retired old merchant.A A Tale of Two CitiesB.David CopperfieldC Pickwick PapersD.Oliver TwistCopyright Kitty 2012exercises_is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the Dickens.A The Curiosity ShopB David CopperfieldC.Oliver TwistD.Great ExpectationsCopyright Kitty 2012exercisesThe two cities in A Tale of Two CitiesRefer to _has been called“the supreme epic of English life”Copyright Kitty 2012Movie clip-Oliver Twisthttp:/